ASSOCIATION OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND SUBJECTIVE MEMORY COMPLAINTS WITH THE INCIDENCE OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN OLDER ADULTS WITH HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE.

PURPOSE: High blood pressure is a relevant risk factor for vascular damage, leading to development of depressive symptoms and dementia in older adults. Moreover, subjective memory complaints are recognized as an early marker of cognitive impairment. However, it has been established that subjective memory complaints could also be a reflection of depressive symptoms. The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of depressive symptoms and subjective memory complaints on the incidence of cognitive impairment in older adults with high blood pressure. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of the Mexican Health and Aging Study, a representative cohort composed by individuals aged ≥ 50 years. Participants with cognitive impairment in 2012 were excluded since the outcome was incident cognitive impairment in 2015. Four groups were created according to depressive symptomatology and subjective memory complaints status, analyses were stratified according to blood pressure status. The odds incident cognitive impairment was estimated through logistic regression models. RESULTS: A total of 6,327 participants were included, from which 6.44% developed cognitive impairment. No differences were seen regarding the development of cognitive impairment in participants without high blood pressure. However, increased risk was evident in those with both high blood pressure and depressive symptoms (OR=2.1, 95% CI 1.09 - 4.09, p =0.026) as with high blood pressure, depressive symptoms and subjective memory complaints (OR=1.91, 9% CI 1.4 - 3.2, p= 0.001). CONCLUSION: Individuals with high blood pressure have a higher risk of developing incident cognitive impairment when depressive symptoms and/or subjective memory complaints are present. Our results suggest that a sequence of events related to altered cerebral vascular dynamics is possible.

[Multimorbidity, Depressive Symptoms, and Self-Reported Health in Older Adults: a Secondary Analysis of the Sabe Bogota Study].

Background: Multimorbidity and depressive symptoms (DSs) are common in older adults. Self-rated health (SRH) allows detection of elderly adults with a high burden of multimorbidity plus depression. The aim of this study was to test the association of groups of multimorbidity and DS on SRH in Colombian older adults. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2012 in Bogotá, Colombia, called "Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento" (Health, Well-being, and Aging), including 2000 community-dwelling adults 60 years of age or older. SRH was assessed with the question "How would you rate your health?" giving five possible answers. DSs were rated using the 15-question version of the geriatric depression scale, and multimorbidity was defined as having two or more chronic diseases. A logistic regression model was used to identify the association between grouped DS and multimorbidity with SRH. Results: Groups were distributed as follows: 678 with no DS/no multimorbidity (33.9%), 808 with only multimorbidity (40%), 128 with DS only (6.4%), and 386 with DS/multimorbidity (19.3%). An association of fair/poor SRH with DS/multimorbidity group was found (odds ratio 5.5; 95% confidence interval 3.86-7.95, p < 0.001) when compared to subjects without any of those conditions. Conclusion: There was an incremental association between DS and multimorbidity with SRH. An older adult referring to his or her own health with a negative connotation should alert to a higher burden of diseases, including DS.

Célula de Büngner / Büngner cell

Las lesiones del nervio periférico constituyen una condición clínica frecuente; por ello, entender su fisiopatología y los avances en el campo de la regeneración nerviosa es fundamental para brindar el mejor tratamiento a los pacientes. En los últimos años se ha venido dando cada vez mayor importancia a los eventos regenerativos después de la lesión, donde interviene en gran medida una expresión fenotípica única en este proceso, derivada de células ya presentes, fenómeno clave para la recuperación de la función del nervio lesionado. Este artículo revisó la literatura disponible con el objetivo de entender mejor este evento regenerativo y se encontraron procesos celulares y moleculares que suceden en los axones.

Peripheral nerve injuries are a common clinical condición for which the understanding of the pathophysiology and advances in the fteld of nerve regeneration are important to provide the best treatment for patients. In recent years, it has been giving increasing importance to the regenerative events after injury, where it operares largely unique phenotypic expression in this process, derived from cells already present, kev event for the recoven- of nerve function injured. A review of the literature is done with the aim of a better understanding of this regenerative event, fínding a series of cellular and molecular processes that go on axonal level.