Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in Overweight and Sedentary Subjects.

Nutrition has been established as a relevant factor in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and cardiometabolic risk parameters in a cohort of 90 overweight and sedentary adults from Bogotá, Colombia. A 24-h dietary record was used to calculate the DII. Body composition variables, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), lipid profile, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac), and blood pressure were measured and a cardiometabolic risk score (MetScore) was calculated. A lower DII score (anti-inflammatory diet) was significantly associated with higher high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and FMD, and lower Hb1Ac and MetScore (p < 0.05). A lower DII score was inversely correlated with plasma triglyceride levels (r = -0.354, p < 0.05), glucose (r = -0.422, p < 0.05), MetScore (r = -0.228, p < 0.05), and PWV (r = -0.437, p < 0.05), and positively with FMD (r = 0.261, p < 0.05). In contrast, a higher DII score (pro-inflammatory diet) showed a positive relationship with MetScore (r = 0.410, p < 0.05) and a negative relationship with FMD (r = -0.233, p < 0.05). An increased inflammatory potential of diet was inversely associated with an improved cardiometabolic profile, suggesting the importance of promoting anti-inflammatory diets as an effective strategy for preventing CVD.

La promoción della salud en la primera infancia evolución del concepto y su applicación en el contexto internacional y nacional / The evolution of the concept of health promotion during early childhood and its international and national application

Sin duda alguna la primera infancia ha sido considerada la fase de desarrollo más importante de todo el ciclo vital. Es un período fundamental en la constitución del ser humano, de sus competencias, habilidades y de su manera de relacionarse con el mundo. Durante la niñez se llevan a cabo importantes procesos de maduración y aprendizaje que son los que le permiten interactuar, integrarse y desarrollar al máximo como persona, por lo tanto, el sano desarrollo infantil se ha relacionado con la disminución de problemas tales como: la obesidad, el sedentarismo, las dificultades en el desarrollo psicomotor, entre otros. En este sentido, las estrategias de promoción de la salud en la primera infancia pretenden lograr un impacto positivo en la salud de los niños y niñas, adaptándose a las necesidades y posibilidades en lo local, con participación activa de padres, madres, cuidadores, docentes y de la comunidad. La presente revisión, que surge del trabajo final de la Especialización en alimentación y nutrición en promoción de la salud, se centró en investigar la evolución del concepto de promoción de la salud, las experiencias y acciones de promoción de la salud en la primera infancia, las bases conceptuales más importantes que enmarcan la promoción de la salud en este grupo de población y la relación entre la normatividad que propende por la garantía de los derechos de los niños(as) y la promoción de la salud en busca de su desarrollo integral.

Without doubt, early childhood has been considered the most important developmental phase in the whole lifecycle. It is a fundamental period in human constitution, skills, abilities and way of relating to the world. Important learning and maturation occur during childhood which allows one to interact, integrate and develop to the maximum as a person; healthy child development has been related to a reduction of problems such as obesity, sedentary behaviour and psychomotor development difficulties. Early childhood health promotion strategies are aimed at making a positive impact on boys' and girls' health, being adapted to local needs and possibilities, involving the active participation of fathers, mothers, caretakers, teachers and the community. This review (arising from work done at the end of the specialisation in food and nutrition in health promotion course) has been focused on investigating the evolution of the health promotion concept, health promotion experience and action during early childhood, the most important conceptual bases framing health promotion in this group of the population and the relationship between regulations aimed at guaranteeing children's rights and promoting health in the search for their integral development.