Grade 2 disabilities in leprosy patients from Brazil: Need for follow-up after completion of multidrug therapy.

BACKGROUND: Leprosy continues to be a public health problem in many countries. Difficulties faced by health services include late diagnosis, under-reporting of new cases, adequate monitoring of disabilities and treatment. Furthermore, systematic follow-up after completion of treatment is important, when new disabilities may occur, or existing disabilities may get worse. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of leprosy-associated grade 2 disabilities (G2D) after completion of multidrug therapy (MDT) and to identify factors associated with G2D. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study of 222 leprosy cases registered in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia state, Brazil from 2001-2014. We performed a clinical examination of the study participants and collected socio-economic and clinical information by interview. We identified factors associated with grade 2 disability (G2D) using logis tic regression. RESULTS: In total, 38 (17.1%) participants were diagnosed with G2D, and 106 (47.7%) with grade 1 disabilities (G1D). The following independent factors were significantly associated with G2D: occurrence of leprosy reaction (adjusted OR = 2.5; 95%CI = 1.09-5.77), thickening and/or tenderness of one or more nerve trunks (adjusted OR = 3.0; CI = 1.13-8.01) and unemployment (adjusted OR = 7.17; CI = 2.44-21.07). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that physical disabilities remain after completion of MDT and frequently occur in an endemic area in Brazil. Finding new ways to reduce the burden of disability are urgently needed, and may include systematic follow-up of patients after treatment completion combined with evidence-based preventative measures.

Assessment of physical impairments in leprosy patients: a comparison between the world health organization (who) disability grade and the Eye-Hand-Foot score.

This cross-sectional study assessed the grade of physical impairments in 61 individuals with leprosy receiving multidrug therapy (MDT) under the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), and residing in Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil. Impairments were assessed using the disability grade (DG) standardized by the WHO, and the EHF score (Eye-Hand-Foot sum of impairment scores). Impairments were detected in 25 (41%) of the subjects. A total of 14 (23%) patients scored DG 1, while 11 (18%) were assigned DG 2. The EHF score ranged from 1 to 10 points in the group of patients with physical impairments, with a mean score of 3.6 points. The majority of individuals with impairments were affected in at least two sites. We conclude that the EHF score showed overlapping impairments in the segments examined and may be more appropriate than the DG classification system for describing the degree of physical impairment of leprosy patients.

Assessment of physical impairments in leprosy patients: a comparison between the world health organization (who) disability grade and the Eye-Hand-Foot Score / Avaliação de incapacidades físicas em pessoas com hanseníase: comparação entre o grau de incapacidade e o Eye-Hand-Foot Score

This cross-sectional study assessed the grade of physical impairments in 61 individuals with leprosy receiving multidrug therapy (MDT) under the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), and residing in Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil. Impairments were assessed using the disability grade (DG) standardized by the WHO, and the EHF score (Eye-Hand-Foot sum of impairment scores). Impairments were detected in 25 (41 percent) of the subjects. A total of 14 (23 percent) patients scored DG 1, while 11 (18 percent) were assigned DG 2. The EHF score ranged from 1 to 10 points in the group of patients with physical impairments, with a mean score of 3.6 points. The majority of individuals with impairments were affected in at least two sites. We conclude that the EHF score showed overlapping impairments in the segments examined and may be more appropriate than the DG classification system for describing the degree of physical impairment of leprosy patients.

Este estudo transversal avaliou a extensão das incapacidades físicas em 61 pessoas com hanseníase, em uso de poliquimioterapia (PQT), assistidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil, residentes em Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. As incapacidades foram avaliadas por meio do grau de incapacidade (GI) preconizado pela OMS e pelo cálculo da soma das incapacidades - Eye-Hand-Foot impairment score (EHF score); incapacidades foram diagnosticadas em 41 por cento dos sujeitos. Os GI 1 e 2 foram atribuídos, respectivamente, para 23 por cento e 18 por cento deles. No grupo de pacientes com incapacidades físicas o EHF score variou de 1 a 10 pontos e exibiu a média igual a 3,6 pontos. A maioria das pessoas com incapacidades possuía, pelo menos, duas partes do corpo afetadas. O EHF score evidenciou sobreposição de comprometimentos nos segmentos examinados e se mostrou mais apropriado que o sistema de classificação do GI para descrever a extensão das incapacidades físicas dos pacientes.