A clinical score, including biohumoral parameters, is a useful pretest index to discriminate pulmonary infections from radiation damage in chemoradiation-treated lung cancer patients.

To obtain an easy and prompt differential diagnosis between lower airways infections and acute radiation pneumonitis in chemoradiation lung cancer patients. From 303 patients treated, only patients with severe pulmonary symptoms were hospitalized. Clinical and radiation scores were calculated evaluating clinical, biohumoral, dosimetric parameters. Out of 36 patients hospitalized, infections and acute radiation pneumonitis were reported in 66.7% and 33.3%, respectively. Patients with clinical score ≥ 2 had an Odds Ratio of 3.4 (1.4-8.3; p = .006) to have infectious pneumonia, while radiation score was not predictive.

Association between NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms and coronary artery disease: a case-control study.

Inflammation and immune response play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this prospective study we tested the hypothesis of whether polymorphic variations in the NOD2/CARD15 gene may influence the risk of developing clinically evident coronary artery disease (CAD). ARG702TRP, GLY908ARG, and Leu1007fsinsC NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms were analyzed in 109 consecutive patients with angiographically documented CAD and in 109 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The ARG702TRP, GLY908ARG, and Leu1007fsinsC polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion. The prevalence of the Leu1007fsinsC polymorphism was significantly increased in CAD patients compared with controls (11.9% vs 1.8%; odds ratios (OR) 7.2, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.5-32.9; p = 0.01), especially in those presenting with an acute coronary syndrome (OR 5.7; 95% CI 1.1-39.7; p = 0.034 vs stable angina). In CAD patients the frequency of GLY908ARG polymorphism was significantly lower (1.8% vs 6.4% in controls; OR 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-0.69; p = 0.031, at multivariable analysis) and the prevalence of the ARG702TRP polymorphism was higher compared with controls (10.1% vs 3.7%; OR 2.9, 95% CI 0.91-9.6; p = 0.07). We report in a Caucasian population that NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms influence the development of clinically evident and angiographically documented coronary artery disease. In particular, the Leu1007fsinsC polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of clinically evident and angiographically documented coronary atherosclerosis and clinical destabilization of coronary plaques, whereas the GLY908ARG polymorphism demonstrated a protective effect on coronary atherogenesis. These correlations were independent of cardiovascular risk factors at multivariable analysis. These findings may contribute to the identification of a novel genetic approach for the stratification of cardiovascular risk profile.