RESUMO
Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is one of the main agents that causes mastitis in dairy cows, mainly inducing the subclinical form, which is characterized by a high somatic cell count (SCC). The aim of this study was to correlate the increase in SCC caused by S. agalactiae in cows with subclinical mastitis to the presence of genes related to adhesion and invasion in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) and biofilm formation. Considering the 145 isolates tested, 57.2% presented the capsular type Ia and 42.8% presented type III. We identified the virulence genes among the isolates and determined nine genetic profiles. The most common profile was identified in 69 isolates (47.5%): Ia, fbsA+, fbsB-, pI1-, pI2a-, pI2b+, and hylb+. All isolates produced biofilm, with 58.6% classified as strong producers, 29% as moderate producers and 12.4% as weak producers. No statistical correlation was found between the presence of virulence genes and increased SCC or biofilm production. However, biological evidence was observed between increased SCC and biofilm production. One isolate from each profile was randomly subjected to adhesion and invasion assays, and all of them adhered to BEMC, but none were able to invade. Our results showed that different genetic profiles do not provide advantages for bacteria to invade BMEC in vitro. In addition, biofilm production appears to be related to high SCC.
RESUMO
Propõe-se um arcabouço teórico-metodológico, na vertente marxista de construção do conhecimento, para compreensão de valores sociais pela captação de representações cotidianas. Pressupõe-se que a investigação científica congrega diferentes instâncias: epistemológica, teórica e metodológica, que coerentemente às demais instâncias propõem um conjunto de procedimentos e técnicas operacionais de apreensão e análise da realidade em estudo, expondo o objeto investigado. O estudo de valores revela a essencialidade da formação de juízos e escolhas; há valores que refletem a ideologia dominante, perpassando todas as classes sociais, mas também há valores que refletem os interesses de classe, esses não são universais, são constituídos nas relações e atividades sociais. Fundamentando-se na teoria marxista da consciência, as representações cotidianas constituem formulações discursivas, opinativas ou de convicção, emitidas por sujeitos sobre sua realidade, mostrando-se coerente forma de compreensão e exposição de valores sociais: grupos focais mostram-se apropriados para apreender opiniões enquanto entrevistas demonstram potencialidades para expor convicções.
We propose from the Marxist perspective of the construction of knowledge, a theoretical and methodological framework for understanding social values by capturing everyday representations. We assume that scientific research brings together different dimensions: epistemological, theoretical and methodological that consistently to the other instances, proposes a set of operating procedures and techniques for capturing and analyzing the reality under study in order to expose the investigated object. The study of values reveals the essentiality of the formation of judgments and choices, there are values that reflect the dominant ideology, spanning all social classes, but there are values that reflect class interests, these are not universal, they are formed in relationships and social activities. Basing on the Marxist theory of consciousness, representations are discursive formulations of everyday life - opinion or conviction - issued by subjects about their reality, being a coherent way of understanding and exposure social values: focus groups show is suitable for grasping opinions while interviews show potential to expose convictions.
Se propone marco teórico-metodológico, en vertiente marxista de producción de conocimiento, para comprensión de valores sociales por captación de representaciones cotidianas. Se presupone que la investigación científica incluye instancias epistemológicas, teóricas y metodológicas que, conjuntamente con otras instancias, proponen procedimientos y técnicas operativas de aprendizaje y análisis de la realidad estudiada exponiendo el objeto investigado. El estudio revela la esencialidad de formación de juicios y elecciones; hay valores que reflejan la ideología dominante, atravesando todas las clases sociales, pero también hay valores que reflejan intereses de clase, esos no son universales, sino constituidos en las relaciones y actividades sociales. Fundamentándose en la teoría marxista de la consciencia, las representaciones cotidianas constituyen formulaciones discursivas, de opinión o de convicción, emitidas por sujetos sobre su realidad, constituyendo una forma de comprensión y exposición de valores sociales: los grupos focales son apropiados para aprender opiniones mientras las entrevistas muestran potencialidad para exponer convicciones.
Assuntos
Comunismo , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Valores SociaisRESUMO
We propose from the Marxist perspective of the construction of knowledge, a theoretical and methodological framework for understanding social values by capturing everyday representations. We assume that scientific research brings together different dimensions: epistemological, theoretical and methodological that consistently to the other instances, proposes a set of operating procedures and techniques for capturing and analyzing the reality under study in order to expose the investigated object. The study of values reveals the essentiality of the formation of judgments and choices, there are values that reflect the dominant ideology, spanning all social classes, but there are values that reflect class interests, these are not universal, they are formed in relationships and social activities. Basing on the Marxist theory of consciousness, representations are discursive formulations of everyday life - opinion or conviction - issued by subjects about their reality, being a coherent way of understanding and exposure social values: focus groups show is suitable for grasping opinions while interviews show potential to expose convictions.
