Risk factors associated with iron depletion and parasites in preschool and school children of Arandas, Jalisco, México / Factores de riesgo asociados con la depleción de hierro y parasitosis en niños preescolares y escolares de Arandas, Jalisco, México

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore factors associated with iron depletion and parasites in preschool and school children attending the Instituto Alteño para el Desarrollo de Jalisco (INADEJ) and children who attend preschools and schools in Arandas, Jalisco. Methods: This cross sectional study assessed two groups of children. In the INADEJ group, 102 children aged 60 to 144 months old were included, and in the School group of Arandas, Jalisco, 206 children were randomly selected from schools and preschools in the same municipality. Variables: Ferritin concentration (μg/ml), parasites, demographic, socioeconomic, educational and dietary data were collected. The Student’s t test, U Mann Whitney, chi square, odds ratio and logistic regressions were estimated. Results: Family income in the Schools group was $5,707 Mexican pesos (MP), which was higher than the family income in the INADEJ group ($4,311 MP), p = 0.031. The proportion of parents with incomplete primary education was higher in the INADEJ group (41.3%) than in the Schools group (35.4%) [OR = 1.88 (1.0-3.55)]. Unstable work was more frequent in the INADEJ group than in the Schools group [OR = 5.6 (3.26-9.62)]. The ferritin concentration was lower in the INADEJ group than in the Schools group (25 μg/L vs. 60 μg/mL, respectively), p <0.001. Having giardiasis and two or more parasites was more common in the INADEJ group compared with the Schools group [OR = 7.2 (2.25-23.0)] and [RM 3.86 (1.35- 10.98)]. Heme iron intake was lower in the INADEJ group. Conclusion: Low family income, father’s job instability, lower levels of education, overcrowding, living with animals and lower consumption of heme iron were associated with parasites and iron depletion (AU)

Objetivo: Explorar factores asociados con depleción de hierro y parasitosis en preescolares y escolares que asisten al Instituto Alteño para el Desarrollo de Jalisco (INADEJ) y los niños que asisten a escuelas en Arandas, Jalisco. Métodos: Este estudio transversal evaluó dos grupos de niños. En el grupo INADEJ, fueron incluidos 102 niños de 60 a 144 meses de edad; en el grupo Escuelas fueron seleccionados 206 niños al azar de las escuelas del mismo municipio. Se obtuvieron las variables: ferritina (g/mL), parasitosis, variables demográficas, socioeconómicas, educativas y datos dietéticos. Se realizaron pruebas t de Student, U de Mann-Whitney, ji cuadrada; odds ratio y regresiones logísticas. Resultados: El ingreso familiar en el grupo escuelas era $ 5,707 pesos mexicanos (pm), más alto que el grupo INADEJ ($ 4,311 pm), p=0,031. La proporción de padres con educación primaria incompleta fue mayor en el grupo INADEJ (41,3%) que en el grupo escuelas (35,4%) [OR = 1,88 (1,0-3,55)]. Trabajo inestable del padre fue más frecuente en el grupo INADEJ [OR = 5,6 (3,26-9,62)]. La concentración de ferritina fue menor en el grupo INADEJ que en el grupo Escuelas (25 μg/L vs. 60 μg/ml, respectivamente), p <0,001. Tener giardiasis y dos o más parásitos fue más frecuente en el grupo INADEJ [OR = 7,2 (2,25 a 23,0)] y [RM 3,86 (1,35-10,98)]. La ingestión de hierro heme fue menor en el grupo INADEJ. Conclusion: Los bajos ingresos familiares, inestabilidad laboral de su padre, pobre educación, hacinamiento, convivencia con animales y menor consumo de hierro hemo se asociaron a parasitosis y depleción de hierro de hierro (AU)

Risk factors associated with iron depletion and parasites in preschool and school children of Arandas, Jalisco, México.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to explore factors associated with iron depletion and parasites in preschool and school children attending the Instituto Alteño para el Desarrollo de Jalisco (INADEJ) and children who attend preschools and schools in Arandas, Jalisco. METHODS: This cross sectional study assessed two groups of children. In the INADEJ group, 102 children aged 60 to 144 months old were included, and in the School group of Arandas, Jalisco, 206 children were randomly selected from schools and preschools in the same municipality. VARIABLES: Ferritin concentration (µg/ml), parasites, demographic, socioeconomic, educational and dietary data were collected. The Student's t test, U Mann Whitney, chi square, odds ratio and logistic regressions were estimated. RESULTS: Family income in the Schools group was $5,707 Mexican pesos (MP), which was higher than the family income in the INADEJ group ($4,311 MP), p = 0.031. The proportion of parents with incomplete primary education was higher in the INADEJ group (41.3%) than in the Schools group (35.4%) [OR = 1.88 (1.0-3.55)]. Unstable work was more frequent in the INADEJ group than in the Schools group [OR = 5.6 (3.26-9.62)]. The ferritin concentration was lower in the INADEJ group than in the Schools group (25 µg/L vs. 60 µg/mL, respectively), p <0.001. Having giardiasis and two or more parasites was more common in the INADEJ group compared with the Schools group [OR = 7.2 (2.25-23.0)] and [RM 3.86 (1.35-10.98)]. Heme iron intake was lower in the INADEJ group. CONCLUSION: Low family income, father's job instability, lower levels of education, overcrowding, living with animals and lower consumption of heme iron were associated with parasites and iron depletion.

Objetivo: Explorar factores asociados con depleción de hierro y parasitosis en preescolares y escolares que asisten al Instituto Alteño para el Desarrollo de Jalisco (INADEJ) y los niños que asisten a escuelas en Arandas, Jalisco. Métodos: Este estudio transversal evaluó dos grupos de niños. En el grupo INADEJ, fueron incluidos 102 niños de 60 a 144 meses de edad; en el grupo Escuelas fueron seleccionados 206 niños al azar de las escuelas del mismo municipio. Se obtuvieron las variables: ferritina (g/mL), parasitosis, variables demográficas, socioeconómicas, educativas y datos dietéticos. Se realizaron pruebas t de Student, U de Mann-Whitney, ji cuadrada; odds ratio y regresiones logísticas. Resultados: El ingreso familiar en el grupo escuelas era $ 5,707 pesos mexicanos (pm), más alto que el grupo INADEJ ($ 4,311 pm), p=0,031. La proporción de padres con educación primaria incompleta fue mayor en el grupo INADEJ (41,3%) que en el grupo escuelas (35,4%) [OR = 1,88 (1,0-3,55)]. Trabajo inestable del padre fue más frecuente en el grupo INADEJ [OR = 5,6 (3,26-9,62)]. La concentración de ferritina fue menor en el grupo INADEJ que en el grupo Escuelas (25 µg/L vs. 60 µg/ml, respectivamente), p.