Subtidal variability of the Tagus river plume in winter 2013.

The subtidal variability of surface plume response to local wind and river runoff is studied off central Portugal using a hindcast model for the Tagus Estuary (TE) plume. In addition to the model, the main patterns of variability of the TE plume were extracted in an automated mode using Self Organizing Maps (SOM). Three characteristic spatial patterns are extracted in a 3 × 2 SOM array: in synoptic time scales, northward and southward propagation of the plume and transitional periods. Results suggest that river runoff and wind induce strong variability in the coastal ocean, and that the TE plume has a rapid response to their changes. Under high river runoff there is a southern propagation of the plume, even during downwelling favorable winds, revealing bi-directional patterns due to the combined effect of estuarine outflow, wind direction and coastline in establishment the plume direction. The same is found during transitional periods, revealing that the TE plume has significant influence both north and south of the estuary mouth. SOM was applied for the first time to extract spatial and temporal features of the TE plume and prove to be a reliable tool to study large quantities of data in addition to the model results analysis.

A management tool for assessing aquaculture environmental impacts in Chilean Patagonian Fjords: integrating hydrodynamic and pellets dispersion models.

This article introduces a management tool for salmon farming, with a scope in the local sustainability of salmon aquaculture of the Aysen Fjord, Chilean Patagonia. Based on Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) principles, the tool combines a large 3-level nested hydrodynamic model, a particle tracking module and a GIS application into an assessment tool for particulate waste dispersal of salmon farming activities. The model offers an open source alternative to particulate waste modeling and evaluation, contributing with valuable information for local decision makers in the process of locating new facilities and monitoring stations.

Estandarización de procedimientos en el manejo de padecimientos quirúrgicos de emergencia en cirugía general / Standardization of procedures in the handling of surgical sufferings of emergency in general surgery

El presente trabajo es un estudio documental de fuente secundaria cuyo propósito ha sido crear en forma de algoritmo, un modelo de manejo estandarizado de las entidades quirúrgicas de emergencia más frecuentes que ocurren en el Servicio de Emergencia del Hospital Eugenio Espejo de la Ciudad de Quito. Se identificó las entidades sujetas al estudio: Trauma abdominal, abdomen agudo, apendicitis aguda, colecistitis aguda, colangitis, ulcera péptica perforada, fiebre tifoidea complicada, obstrucción e isquemia intestinal y pancreatitis aguda grave. Para cada una se realizó la compilación y lectura minuciosa de la bibliografía especializada y actualizada, obteniéndose el conocimiento científico relevante que nos permitió crear el marco teórico, que es una primera parte de una propuesta de manejo basado en los conceptos más importantes en cuanto al cuadro clínico, métodos de diagnóstico y de manejo; esto se expone en cuatro subtítulos que son: 1- Consideraciones generales, 2- Manifestaciones clínicas, 3-Diagnóstico y 4- Manejo. Los resultados del trabajo son 3 algoritmos de manejo para trauma abdominal, 1 para cada uno de los órganos intraabdominales lesionados, 1 para abdomen agudo, 2 para apendicitis aguda, 1 para colecistitis aguda, 1 para colangitis aguda, 2 para úlcera péptica perforada, 1 para obstrucción intestinal y 1 para pancreatitis aguda.