Acute primary angle closure during the Omicron outbreak.

AIM: To investigate Omicron's impact on clinical presentation of acute primary angle closure (APAC) in China. METHODS: A consecutive case series with historical controls was conducted at Shenzhen Eye Hospital, the largest specialized hospital in Shenzhen, China. Medical records from a two-month period during the Omicron pandemic (December 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023) were compared with records from two control groups (12/2018-1/2019 and 12/2021-1/2022) before pandemic. Patients with APAC were included, and the prevalence of APAC and demographic characteristics in Omicron-infected and non-infected patients were compared. RESULTS: Seventy-one (23.43%) out of 303 patients were diagnosed with APAC in the pandemic cohort, which was 2.98 and 2.61 times higher than that in control cohorts (7.87% in 2019, 8.96% in 2022, P<0.001). The pandemic cohort has significantly higher Omicron-infected rate (78.87% vs 0 vs 0; P<0.001), lower proportion of glaucoma history (16.90% vs 42.86% vs 41.67%, P=0.005), higher surgical rate (95.77% vs 83.33% vs 78.57%, P=0.024), higher total medical costs and larger pupil diameter (5.63±0.15 vs 4.68±0.15 vs 4.69±0.22 mm, P<0.01). In 83% Omicron-infected patients, ocular symptoms appeared within 3d after systemic symptoms onset. In multivariate analysis, Omicron infection (P<0.001) was the only independent predictor of pupil diameter. CONCLUSION: In the Omicron epidemic in China, there is an increase of prevalence and severity of APAC, particularly focusing on the first 3d following infection.

Dynamically Cross-Linked Double-Network Hydrogels with Matched Mechanical Properties and Ideal Biocompatibility for Artificial Blood Vessels.

Vessel transplantation is currently considered the "gold standard" treatment for cardiovascular disease. However, ideal artificial vascular grafts should possess good biocompatibility and mechanical strength that match those of native autologous vascular tissue to promote in vivo tissue regeneration. In this study, a series of dynamic cross-linking double-network hydrogels and the resultant hydrogel tubes were prepared. The hydrogels (named PCO), composed of rigid poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), flexible carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), and a cross-linker of aldehyde-based ß-cyclodextrin (OCD), were formed in a double-network structure with multiple dynamical cross-linking including dynamic imine bonds, hydrogen bonds, and microcrystalline regions. The PCO hydrogels exhibited superior mechanical strength, good network stability, and fatigue resistance. Additionally, it demonstrated excellent cell and blood compatibility. The results showed that the introduction of CMCS/OCD led to a significant increase in the proliferation rate of endothelial cells seeded on the surface of the hydrogel. The hemolysis rate in the test was lower than 0.3%, and both protein adsorption and platelet adhesion were reduced, indicating an excellent anticoagulant function. The plasma recalcification time test results showed that endogenous coagulation was alleviated to some extent. When formed into blood vessels and incubated with blood, no thrombus formation was observed, and there was minimal red blood cell aggregation. Therefore, this novel hydrogel tube, with excellent mechanical properties, exhibits antiadhesive characteristics toward blood cells and proteins, as well as antithrombotic properties, making it hold tremendous potential for applications in the biomedical and engineering fields.

Comprehensive analysis of somatic mutator-derived and immune infiltrates related lncRNA signatures of genome instability reveals potential prognostic biomarkers involved in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The function and features of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are already attracting attention and extensive research on their role as biomarkers of prediction in lung cancer. However, the signatures that are both related to genomic instability (GI) and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) have not yet been fully explored in previous studies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Method: The clinical characteristics, RNA expression profiles, and somatic mutation information of patients in this study came from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to construct genomic instability-related lncRNA signature (GIrLncSig). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to predict the potential functions of lncRNAs. CIBERSORT was used to calculate the proportion of immune cells in NSCLC. Result: Eleven genomic instability-related lncRNAs in NSCLC were identified, then we established a prognostic model with the GIrLncSig ground on the 11 lncRNAs. Through the computed GIrLncSig risk score, patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. By plotting ROC curves, we found that patients in the low-risk group in the test set and TCGA set had longer overall survival than those in the high-risk group, thus validating the survival predictive power of GIrLncSig. By stratified analysis, there was still a significant difference in overall survival between high and low risk groups of patients after adjusting for other clinical characteristics, suggesting the prognostic significance of GIrLncSig is independent. In addition, combining GIrLncSig with TP53 could better predict clinical outcomes. Besides, the immune microenvironment differed significantly between the high-risk and the low-risk groups, patients with low risk scores tend to have upregulation of immune checkpoints and chemokines. Finally, we found that high-risk scores were associated with increased sensitivity to chemotherapy. Conclusion: we provided a new perspective on lncRNAs related to GI and TIME and revealed the worth of them in immune infiltration and immunotherapeutic response. Besides, we found that the expression of AC027288.1 is associated with PD-1 expression, which may be a potential prognostic marker in immune checkpoint inhibitor response to improve the prediction of clinical survival in NSCLC patients.

Chondroprotective Effect of Wufu Decoction on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Chondrocytes via the Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase 1/2 Signaling Pathway.

OBJECTIVE: Wufu Decoction (WFD) is a herbal formulation composed of five traditional Chinese herbs that is used clinically for arthritis treatment in China. The current study investigated the chondroprotective effects and the underlying mechanism of WFD for osteoarthritis (OA) therapy. METHODS: The chondroprotective effects of WFD were investigated based on vitro study. Following the successful isolation of chondrocytes from rat cartilage tissues and the identification of collagen II expression with immunofluorescence staining, chondrocytes were co-incubated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) to induce an inflammation model; WFD was also administered. After the treatment, cell viability was determined by MTT assay, cell apoptosis was assessed by DAPI staining, the concentration of inflammation cytokines interleukin (IL)-1ß and IL-6 were detected with ELISA assay, the expression of collagen II, MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway proteins was detected using western blotting, and mRNA expression of MMP-1, MMP-9 and MMP-13 were determined with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Wufu Decoction significantly restored the cell viability suppressed by TNF-α and inhibited the cell apoptosis induced by TNF-α in chondrocytes. The high concentrations of IL-1ß and IL-6 in TNF-α-induced model cells were significantly decreased in WFD-treated chondrocytes, and the immunofluorescence staining and western blot results showed that the inhibited expression of collagen II in the TNF-α-induced model group was significantly increased in WFD-treated chondrocytes. The protein expressions of MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and P53 were significantly reduced in the WFD-treated group compared with those in the model group, and the mRNA expressions of MMP-1, MMP-9, and MMP-13 were also significantly reduced with WFD treatment. CONCLUSION: The present study indicated that WFD exerted a chondroprotective effect in TNF-α-induced chondrocytes via the regulation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, suggesting that WFD has therapeutic potential for OA therapy.

Correlation study of binocular vessel density and retinal thickness in patients with anisometropia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To study the differences of binocular vessel density and retinal thickness in patients with anisometropia, including refractive index, axial length, vessel density in 3 mm×3 mm macular area and peripapillary area, nerve fiber thickness of 3mm×3mm macular area. And to study the relationship between axial length and vessel density, as well as retinal thickness, analyze its clinical significance in the occurrence and development of anisometropia.<p>METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 27 patients with anisometropia in our hospital. All the patients received the examinations including binocular diopter, intraocular pressure, axial length, vessel density in 3mm×3mm macular area and peripapillary area, retinal thickness in macular area. SPSS 23.0 and paired <i>t</i>-test was used to analyze and compare the differences. <p>RESULTS: In all 27 patients, the refractive index and axial length of the one with a higher degree were greater than that of the low eye(<i>t</i>=-3.559, 3.083, <i>P</i><0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in superficial vessel density, deep vessel density, and retinal thickness in the macular area(1mm and 3mm)(<i>P</i>>0.05). In the all patients, the vessel density with a higher degree in the optic disc was higher(<i>t</i>=2.36, <i>P</i>=0.022).The vessel density of eyes with a higher degree in the superior nasal square(SN)was lower(<i>t</i>=-2.154, <i>P</i>=0.036). Refractive state, superficial and deep vessel density of foveal, deep parafoveal vessel density, retinal thinkness of foveal and parafoveal were correlated with the optic axis(<i>r</i>=-0.897, 0.458, 0.446, -0.328, 0.301, -0.397, <i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the superficial and deep vessel density in 3mm×3mm macular area of the Patients with ametropia as well as retinal thickness. The binocular vessel density in the optic disc and the SN square were difference, and there was nodegree eye of refractive error difference in the residual papillary area. The axial length is related to the refractive state, the vessel density in the superficial and deep fovea of the macula, the vessel density in the deep parafovea of the macula, the retinal thickness in the fovea and the parafovea of the macula.

Correlation study of binocular vessel density and retinal thickness in patients with anisometropia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To study the differences of binocular vessel density and retinal thickness in patients with anisometropia, including refractive index, axial length, vessel density in 3 mm×3 mm macular area and peripapillary area, nerve fiber thickness of 3mm×3mm macular area. And to study the relationship between axial length and vessel density, as well as retinal thickness, analyze its clinical significance in the occurrence and development of anisometropia.<p>METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 27 patients with anisometropia in our hospital. All the patients received the examinations including binocular diopter, intraocular pressure, axial length, vessel density in 3mm×3mm macular area and peripapillary area, retinal thickness in macular area. SPSS 23.0 and paired <i>t</i>-test was used to analyze and compare the differences. <p>RESULTS: In all 27 patients, the refractive index and axial length of the one with a higher degree were greater than that of the low eye(<i>t</i>=-3.559, 3.083, <i>P</i><0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in superficial vessel density, deep vessel density, and retinal thickness in the macular area(1mm and 3mm)(<i>P</i>>0.05). In the all patients, the vessel density with a higher degree in the optic disc was higher(<i>t</i>=2.36, <i>P</i>=0.022).The vessel density of eyes with a higher degree in the superior nasal square(SN)was lower(<i>t</i>=-2.154, <i>P</i>=0.036). Refractive state, superficial and deep vessel density of foveal, deep parafoveal vessel density, retinal thinkness of foveal and parafoveal were correlated with the optic axis(<i>r</i>=-0.897, 0.458, 0.446, -0.328, 0.301, -0.397, <i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the superficial and deep vessel density in 3mm×3mm macular area of the Patients with ametropia as well as retinal thickness. The binocular vessel density in the optic disc and the SN square were difference, and there was nodegree eye of refractive error difference in the residual papillary area. The axial length is related to the refractive state, the vessel density in the superficial and deep fovea of the macula, the vessel density in the deep parafovea of the macula, the retinal thickness in the fovea and the parafovea of the macula.

[Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of old fracture of proximal humerus in elderly patients].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical results of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in treating old fracture of proximal humerus in elderly patients. METHODS: From January 2012 to December 2017, 12 elderly patients with old proximal humeral fractures were treated with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. There were 5 males and 7 females with an average age of 70.2 years old (ranged from 63 to 81 years old) and an average course of 12.3 months (ranged from 9 to 18 months). VAS score was used to evaluate the degree of pain relief of shoulder joint, Constant-Murley score was used to evaluate the improvement of shoulder joint function and observe the complications during and after operation. RESULTS: All the 12 patients were followed up with an average duration of 22.3 months (ranged from 15 to 56 months). At the latest follow-up, the VAS score was 1.9±1.4, and Constant-Murley score was 83.4±8.4. Among them, shoulder joint flexion was (92.5±7.7)°, abduction was (90.4±14.3)°, external rotation was(31.9±10.0)°, and internal rotation was(58.9±13.1)°. There was statistical significance before and after treatment(P<0.05). There were 2 cases with glenoid notch. The imaging findings were grade I and grade II respectively. No loosening was found during follow-up. No infection, acromial fracture, prosthesis loosening, axillary nerve injury and other complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in treating old proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients can achieve satisfactory results, however, indications and complications should be noted.

[Comparison of long Gamma 3 nail and proximal femur locking plate for the treatment of femoral subtrochanteric fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical efficacy of long Gamma 3 nail and proximal femur locking plate (PFLP) in treating femoral subtrochanteric fractures. METHODS: From January 2010 to January 2017, clinical data of 58 patients with subtrochanteric fractures followed more than 12 months were retrospective analyzed. Among them, 35 patients were treated with long Gamma 3 nail including 18 males and 17 females aged from 25 to 78 years old with an average of(66.5±23.5) years old;Causes of injury included fall on the ground in 18 cases, traffic accidents in 7 cases, and fall from height in 10 cases. The other 23 patients were treated with PFLP fixation including 8 males and 15 females aged from 31 to 81 years old with an average of (63.4±22.4) years old;Causes of injury included fall on the ground in 12 cases, traffic accidents in 6 cases, and fall from height in 5 cases. Operative time, blood loss (intraoperative and hidden blood loss), hospital stays, bone healing and complications were observed and compared. Harris hip score after 1-year following-up was used to evaluate postoperative clinical effect. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were followed up from 14 to 36 months with an average of 24.8 months, including 31 patients were treated with long Gamma 3 and 20 patients were treated with PFLP. Blood loss(intraoperative and hidden blood loss) in PFLP group was less than that of long Gamma 3 nail group(P<0.05). There was no significant in operative time, hospital stays and complications between two groups(P>0.05). There was no significant differences in healing time of fractures between long Gamma 3 nail group (17.2±2.4) weeks and PFLP group (18.1±2.6) weeks(P<0.05). At 1-year following-up, there was no significant differences in Harris hip score between long Gamma 3 nail group(80.29±10.28) and PFLP group (76.49±12.28)(P<0.05). No complications such as pulmonary embolism and nonunion occurred. Two patients were treated with fitler whose occurred deep vein thrombosis. Postoperative pulmonary infection curred in 4 cases and was cured by anti-infection therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Both of long Gamma 3 nail and PFLP in treating patients with femoral subtrochanteric fractures can receive good clinical effects, long Gamma 3 nail is not suitable for the patients of the narrow medullary cavity and prominent anterior arch. PFLP is eccentric fixation, so early weight-bearing was not stress.

Comparison of long Gamma 3 nail and proximal femur locking plate for the treatment of femoral subtrochanteric fractures / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare clinical efficacy of long Gamma 3 nail and proximal femur locking plate (PFLP) in treating femoral subtrochanteric fractures.@*METHODS@#From January 2010 to January 2017, clinical data of 58 patients with subtrochanteric fractures followed more than 12 months were retrospective analyzed. Among them, 35 patients were treated with long Gamma 3 nail including 18 males and 17 females aged from 25 to 78 years old with an average of(66.5±23.5) years old;Causes of injury included fall on the ground in 18 cases, traffic accidents in 7 cases, and fall from height in 10 cases. The other 23 patients were treated with PFLP fixation including 8 males and 15 females aged from 31 to 81 years old with an average of (63.4±22.4) years old;Causes of injury included fall on the ground in 12 cases, traffic accidents in 6 cases, and fall from height in 5 cases. Operative time, blood loss (intraoperative and hidden blood loss), hospital stays, bone healing and complications were observed and compared. Harris hip score after 1-year following-up was used to evaluate postoperative clinical effect.@*RESULTS@#Fifty-one patients were followed up from 14 to 36 months with an average of 24.8 months, including 31 patients were treated with long Gamma 3 and 20 patients were treated with PFLP. Blood loss(intraoperative and hidden blood loss) in PFLP group was less than that of long Gamma 3 nail group(0.05). There was no significant differences in healing time of fractures between long Gamma 3 nail group (17.2±2.4) weeks and PFLP group (18.1±2.6) weeks(<0.05). At 1-year following-up, there was no significant differences in Harris hip score between long Gamma 3 nail group(80.29±10.28) and PFLP group (76.49±12.28)(<0.05). No complications such as pulmonary embolism and nonunion occurred. Two patients were treated with fitler whose occurred deep vein thrombosis. Postoperative pulmonary infection curred in 4 cases and was cured by anti-infection therapy.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both of long Gamma 3 nail and PFLP in treating patients with femoral subtrochanteric fractures can receive good clinical effects, long Gamma 3 nail is not suitable for the patients of the narrow medullary cavity and prominent anterior arch. PFLP is eccentric fixation, so early weight-bearing was not stress.

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of old fracture of proximal humerus in elderly patients / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate clinical results of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in treating old fracture of proximal humerus in elderly patients.@*METHODS@#From January 2012 to December 2017, 12 elderly patients with old proximal humeral fractures were treated with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. There were 5 males and 7 females with an average age of 70.2 years old (ranged from 63 to 81 years old) and an average course of 12.3 months (ranged from 9 to 18 months). VAS score was used to evaluate the degree of pain relief of shoulder joint, Constant-Murley score was used to evaluate the improvement of shoulder joint function and observe the complications during and after operation.@*RESULTS@#All the 12 patients were followed up with an average duration of 22.3 months (ranged from 15 to 56 months). At the latest follow-up, the VAS score was 1.9±1.4, and Constant-Murley score was 83.4±8.4. Among them, shoulder joint flexion was (92.5±7.7)°, abduction was (90.4±14.3)°, external rotation was(31.9±10.0)°, and internal rotation was(58.9±13.1)°. There was statistical significance before and after treatment(<0.05). There were 2 cases with glenoid notch. The imaging findings were grade I and grade II respectively. No loosening was found during follow-up. No infection, acromial fracture, prosthesis loosening, axillary nerve injury and other complications occurred.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in treating old proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients can achieve satisfactory results, however, indications and complications should be noted.

Interventional treatment of coronary artery fistulas by using Guglielmi detachable coils：analysis of feasibility and safety with single center experience / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To summarize the experience in treating coronary artery fistula (CAF) by using Guglielmi detachable coils. Methods During the period from July 2009 to November 2014 at the Affiliated Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University, interventional treatment of CAF by using Guglielmi detachable coils was performed in 40 patients. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The feasibility, safety and effectiveness of this technique were evaluated. Results Successful transcatheter closure of CAF with Guglielmi detachable coils was achieved in all 40 patients; the average Guglielmi detachable coils used in each patient was(2.33±1.38) coils. No procedure-related complications occurred. Intra-operative angiography showed that residual shunt completely disappeared in 12 patients (30%) and blood flow was significantly decreased in 28 patients (70%). All the patients were followed up for 1-65 months, neither complications such as recurrent bleeding and ischemia nor stenosis and occlusion of related arteries, or fistula cavity rupture occurred. Conclusion The use of Guglielmi detachable coil in interventional treatment of CAF is safe and effective, although its long-term effect needs to be further verified.

[In vivo study of antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects of compound Kucen gel].

OBJECTIVE: To study the antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects of compound Kucen gel in vivo. METHODS: As antifertility experiment, we randomly divided 60 female SD rats into six groups of equal number: normal saline, blank gel, low-, medium- and high-dose compound Kucen gel (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 g/g), and positive control (4% nonoxynol gel) to receive intravaginal administration of 200 microl of respective agent, followed by copulation with male rats in a 1:1 ratio. At 12 days after successful mating, the female rats were dissected for calculation of the embryos and the rate of contraception. As an anti-inflammatory trial, we established a mouse model of inflammation by applying xylene to the pinna, and equally randomized 60 Kunming mice to six groups as in the former experiment. We determined the degrees and average rates of swelling inhibition in the left ear. RESULTS: High-dose compound Kucen gel achieved a fertility-inhibition rate of 100% in the female rats, the number of embryos significantly lower than in the normal saline group (0.00 +/- 0.00 vs 11.00 +/- 2. 00, P < 0.05), but with no statistically insignificant difference from that of the positive control (0.00 +/- 0.00, P > 0.05). High-dose compound Kucen gel also markedly suppressed swelling in the left ear of the mice, with an inhibition rate of 52.3%, the average swelling degree significantly lower than in the normal saline group (10.17 +/- 2.56 vs 21.32 +/- 3.17, P < 0.01), but not remarkably different from that of the positive control (8.53 +/- 1.89, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Compound Kucen gel, with its strong antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects, deserves further study and clinical application.

[Spermicidal effect of alcohol extracts from different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the spermicidal effect of alcohol extracts from different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul in vitro. METHODS: Semen samples aseptically obtained by masturbation and prepared by density gradient centrifugation from 15 healthy men were incubated in the alcohol extracts from 9 different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul for 20 seconds, 2 minutes and 4 minutes. Then the motility and movement parameters of the sperm were detected by computer-assisted semen analysis, and the minimal effective concentrations of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts were determined. RESULTS: At the ratio of 3:1, the extract at 0.5 mg/ml significantly inhibited the sperm motility and other sperm movement parameters VCL, VSL, VAP, ALH, WOB and MAD, as compared with the control group. The minimal effective concentration of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts was 3.5 mg/ml at 3:1. CONCLUSION: The alcohol extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait and Chinese Bulbul at the ratio of 3:1 have the best spermicidal effect in vitro.

In vivo study of antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects of compound Kucen gel / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects of compound Kucen gel in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>As antifertility experiment, we randomly divided 60 female SD rats into six groups of equal number: normal saline, blank gel, low-, medium- and high-dose compound Kucen gel (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 g/g), and positive control (4% nonoxynol gel) to receive intravaginal administration of 200 microl of respective agent, followed by copulation with male rats in a 1:1 ratio. At 12 days after successful mating, the female rats were dissected for calculation of the embryos and the rate of contraception. As an anti-inflammatory trial, we established a mouse model of inflammation by applying xylene to the pinna, and equally randomized 60 Kunming mice to six groups as in the former experiment. We determined the degrees and average rates of swelling inhibition in the left ear.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>High-dose compound Kucen gel achieved a fertility-inhibition rate of 100% in the female rats, the number of embryos significantly lower than in the normal saline group (0.00 +/- 0.00 vs 11.00 +/- 2. 00, P < 0.05), but with no statistically insignificant difference from that of the positive control (0.00 +/- 0.00, P > 0.05). High-dose compound Kucen gel also markedly suppressed swelling in the left ear of the mice, with an inhibition rate of 52.3%, the average swelling degree significantly lower than in the normal saline group (10.17 +/- 2.56 vs 21.32 +/- 3.17, P < 0.01), but not remarkably different from that of the positive control (8.53 +/- 1.89, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound Kucen gel, with its strong antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects, deserves further study and clinical application.</p>

Spermicidal effect of alcohol extracts from different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul in vitro / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the spermicidal effect of alcohol extracts from different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Semen samples aseptically obtained by masturbation and prepared by density gradient centrifugation from 15 healthy men were incubated in the alcohol extracts from 9 different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul for 20 seconds, 2 minutes and 4 minutes. Then the motility and movement parameters of the sperm were detected by computer-assisted semen analysis, and the minimal effective concentrations of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the ratio of 3:1, the extract at 0.5 mg/ml significantly inhibited the sperm motility and other sperm movement parameters VCL, VSL, VAP, ALH, WOB and MAD, as compared with the control group. The minimal effective concentration of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts was 3.5 mg/ml at 3:1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The alcohol extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait and Chinese Bulbul at the ratio of 3:1 have the best spermicidal effect in vitro.</p>