Determining the optimal time of gastric emptying in cats using dry or wet food

Background: Pulmonary aspiration of gastric content can result in intraoperative and postoperative complications, such as regurgitation, gastro-esophageal reflux and esophagitis. There are variations among authors about the ideal period of solid and liquid fasting. Determination of the appropriate amount of food abstinence in surgical patients is important, because of the metabolic disorders that interfere in response to anesthetic protocol or surgical intervention. Thereby, this research aimed to evaluate the appropriate period of fasting for elective anesthesia and surgical procedures in cats, by analysis of gastric emptying time based on the daily energy requirement. Materials, Methods & Results: Seven cats of mixed breed, health and with an average weight of 2.857 ± 0.3780 were evaluated by gastroscopy for the presence of food and obtaining tissue samples. To evaluate the gastric emptying time, dry and moist food were offered at two different times, 8 h and 4 h before each evaluation, with an interval of seven days between each food treatment (dry and moist). There was no significant difference in all biochemical parameters evaluated (cholesterol, glucose, and lactate) in both fasting times and food types (P > 0.05). All animals underwent gastric biopsy for histological evaluation and urease test, to discard morphological changes. After 4 h it was observed dry food [...]

Determining the optimal time of gastric emptying in cats using dry or wet food

Background: Pulmonary aspiration of gastric content can result in intraoperative and postoperative complications, such as regurgitation, gastro-esophageal reflux and esophagitis. There are variations among authors about the ideal period of solid and liquid fasting. Determination of the appropriate amount of food abstinence in surgical patients is important, because of the metabolic disorders that interfere in response to anesthetic protocol or surgical intervention. Thereby, this research aimed to evaluate the appropriate period of fasting for elective anesthesia and surgical procedures in cats, by analysis of gastric emptying time based on the daily energy requirement. Materials, Methods & Results: Seven cats of mixed breed, health and with an average weight of 2.857 ± 0.3780 were evaluated by gastroscopy for the presence of food and obtaining tissue samples. To evaluate the gastric emptying time, dry and moist food were offered at two different times, 8 h and 4 h before each evaluation, with an interval of seven days between each food treatment (dry and moist). There was no significant difference in all biochemical parameters evaluated (cholesterol, glucose, and lactate) in both fasting times and food types (P > 0.05). All animals underwent gastric biopsy for histological evaluation and urease test, to discard morphological changes. After 4 h it was observed dry food [...](AU)

Jejum pré-operatório em cães e gatos revisão de literatura / Preoperative fasting in dogs and cats - literature review

Desde 1946 o jejum pré-operatório vem sendo discutido, apesar de já se saber que um paciente está sujeitoa complicações, por estar com estômago cheio no momento da indução anestésica. Mais de 60 anosdepois do primeiro trabalho relacionado ao tema, ainda não existe consenso, sobre qual o período idealde jejum que o paciente deve ser submetido antes de uma intervenção cirúrgica. Dessa forma, este estudotem como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre jejum pré-operatório, enfatizando o temporecomendado presente na literatura, e suas particularidades.(AU)

Since 1946 the preoperative fasting has been discussed and despite of the know ledgement that a patient isprone to complications related to a full stomach at the time of induction of anesthesia. There is no consensus,over 60 years after the first report related to the theme on which the ideal period of fasting that the patient mustbe submitted prior to a surgical intervention. Thus, this study aimed at conducting a literature review on preoperative fasting, emphasizing the time recommended in the existing literature, as well as their particularities.(AU)

Jejum pré-operatório em cães e gatos – revisão de literatura / Preoperative fasting in dogs and cats - literature review

Desde 1946 o jejum pré-operatório vem sendo discutido, apesar de já se saber que um paciente está sujeitoa complicações, por estar com estômago cheio no momento da indução anestésica. Mais de 60 anosdepois do primeiro trabalho relacionado ao tema, ainda não existe consenso, sobre qual o período idealde jejum que o paciente deve ser submetido antes de uma intervenção cirúrgica. Dessa forma, este estudotem como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre jejum pré-operatório, enfatizando o temporecomendado presente na literatura, e suas particularidades.

Since 1946 the preoperative fasting has been discussed and despite of the know ledgement that a patient isprone to complications related to a full stomach at the time of induction of anesthesia. There is no consensus,over 60 years after the first report related to the theme on which the ideal period of fasting that the patient mustbe submitted prior to a surgical intervention. Thus, this study aimed at conducting a literature review on preoperative fasting, emphasizing the time recommended in the existing literature, as well as their particularities.

Hérnia diafragmática traumática em cão / Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in dog

A forma mais comum de hérnia diafragmática em cães e gatos é a traumática e ocorre quando a continuidade do diafragma é rompida, dessa forma, órgãos abdominais podem migrar para o interior da cavidade torácica. Acidente automobilístico, chutes, quedas e brigas estão entre as causas mais comuns deste tipo de hérnia. O sinal clínico predominante em pacientes acometidos é a dispneia, por diminuição no volume corrente, podendo o animal, posicionar-se sentado com os cotovelos em abdução e abdômen contraído. O diagnóstico definitivo é conseguido por radiografia e o tratamento do defeito diafragmático é exclusivamente cirúrgico. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso de um canino mestiço, macho, com cinco anos de idade e 11kg com intensa dispneia e queixa principal de trauma automobilístico feito pelo próprio proprietário, cujo exame radiográfico diagnosticou hérnia diafragmática solucionada mediante procedimento cirúrgico com menos de 24 horas do acidente.AU

The most common form of diaphragmatic hernia in dogs and cats is traumatic and occurs when the continuity of the diaphragm is ruptured thereby abdominal organs can migrate into the thoracic cavity.Automobile accident, kicks, falls and fights are among the most common causes of this type of hernia.The predominant clinical sign in affected patients is dyspnea by decreasing the tidal volume, allowing the animal to position them selves sitting with elbows abducted and abs contracted. Definitive diagnosis is achieved by radiographic and treatment of diaphragmatic defect is exclusively surgical. The objective of this study is to report the case of a canine mestizo male with five years of age and 11kg with severe dyspnea and chief complaint of trauma automobile made by the owner, whose radiographic examination revealed diaphragmatic hernia resolved by surgical procedure under 24 hours of the accident.AU

Hérnia diafragmática traumática em cão / Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in dog

A forma mais comum de hérnia diafragmática em cães e gatos é a traumática e ocorre quando a continuidade do diafragma é rompida, dessa forma, órgãos abdominais podem migrar para o interior da cavidade torácica. Acidente automobilístico, chutes, quedas e brigas estão entre as causas mais comuns deste tipo de hérnia. O sinal clínico predominante em pacientes acometidos é a dispneia, por diminuição no volume corrente, podendo o animal, posicionar-se sentado com os cotovelos em abdução e abdômen contraído. O diagnóstico definitivo é conseguido por radiografia e o tratamento do defeito diafragmático é exclusivamente cirúrgico. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso de um canino mestiço, macho, com cinco anos de idade e 11kg com intensa dispneia e queixa principal de trauma automobilístico feito pelo próprio proprietário, cujo exame radiográfico diagnosticou hérnia diafragmática solucionada mediante procedimento cirúrgico com menos de 24 horas do acidente.

The most common form of diaphragmatic hernia in dogs and cats is traumatic and occurs when the continuity of the diaphragm is ruptured thereby abdominal organs can migrate into the thoracic cavity.Automobile accident, kicks, falls and fights are among the most common causes of this type of hernia.The predominant clinical sign in affected patients is dyspnea by decreasing the tidal volume, allowing the animal to position them selves sitting with elbows abducted and abs contracted. Definitive diagnosis is achieved by radiographic and treatment of diaphragmatic defect is exclusively surgical. The objective of this study is to report the case of a canine mestizo male with five years of age and 11kg with severe dyspnea and chief complaint of trauma automobile made by the owner, whose radiographic examination revealed diaphragmatic hernia resolved by surgical procedure under 24 hours of the accident.