Calidad de la alimentación de adultos mayores de Santiago de Chile / Food quality in the elderly population in Santiago of Chile

Introducción: Con el creciente aumento de adulos mayores (AM) chilenos, se hace imperativo evaluar la calidad de la alimentación de este grupo etario, con instrumentos sencillos y rápidos. Objetivo: Comparar la calidad de la alimentación en AM de la comunidad, diferenciándolos por sexo y edad. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal en el que se entrevistaron 458 AM de 60 y más años de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. A cada uno de ellos se les aplicó en su domicilio la Encuesta de Calidad de Alimentación del AM (ECAAM). El peso y estatura se obtuvo del carné de control del AM. Resultados: Los hombres consumen un mayor número de alimentos no saludables que las mujeres (p=0,01). Al comparar por edad, los AM ≥80 años son quienes consumen menos alimentos no saludables (p=0,01). Los AM obesos presentan el menor puntaje en hábitos alimentarios no saludables y consumo total (p<0,05). Conclusión: Las mujeres se alimentan más saludablemente que los hombres, y a mayor edad se puede observar una mejor calidad de alimentación, especialmente en hombres. Finalmente, al comparar según el estado nutricional, los AM obesos son quienes se alimentan de forma más inadecuada

Introduction: With the increase in the elderly population of Chile, it is very important to evaluate the quality of food of this age group using simple and quick tools. Objective: To compare the food quality of the elderly, according to gender and age. Material and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 458 elderly subjects ≥60 years-old of Santiago de Chile. Each one of them were interviewed in their home using the Food Quality Survey for Elderly (FQSE). The objective of this survey is to measure the quality of the food and preparations considered healthy and/or unhealthy for elderly. Weight and height, was obtained from the control document of the elderly. Results: Men consume a higher number of unhealthy foods compared to women (P=.01). On comparing ages, those over 80 years-old consumed less unhealthy foods (P=.01). The elderly obese showed a lower score in unhealthy eating habits and total intake score. Conclusion: Women eat healthier compared to men, and better eating habits are observed at an older age, especially in men. Finally, on comparing nutritional status, the elderly obese are those who eat in the most inadequate form

[Food quality in the elderly population in Santiago of Chile]. / Calidad de la alimentación de adultos mayores de Santiago de Chile.

INTRODUCTION: With the increase in the elderly population of Chile, it is very important to evaluate the quality of food of this age group using simple and quick tools. OBJECTIVE: To compare the food quality of the elderly, according to gender and age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted on 458 elderly subjects ≥60 years-old of Santiago de Chile. Each one of them were interviewed in their home using the Food Quality Survey for Elderly (FQSE). The objective of this survey is to measure the quality of the food and preparations considered healthy and/or unhealthy for elderly. Weight and height, was obtained from the control document of the elderly. RESULTS: Men consume a higher number of unhealthy foods compared to women (P=.01). On comparing ages, those over 80 years-old consumed less unhealthy foods (P=.01). The elderly obese showed a lower score in unhealthy eating habits and total intake score. CONCLUSION: Women eat healthier compared to men, and better eating habits are observed at an older age, especially in men. Finally, on comparing nutritional status, the elderly obese are those who eat in the most inadequate form.

[Content validity of Food Quality Survey of Elderly (FQSE)]. / Validación de contenido de la Encuesta de Calidad de Alimentación del Adulto Mayor (ECAAM).

BACKGROUND: There are few instruments that evaluate the quality of food of elderly (ED) in the community. OBJECTIVE: To carry out the content validity of the survey designed to determine the Food Quality Survey of Elderly (FQSE). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Based on the existing literature, a questionnaire was designed to evaluate the FQSE. Content validity was performed using the Content Validity Index through the calculation of the Content Validity Ratio of Lawshe. Twenty-eight experts participated in the validation process. Subsequently, the validated survey was applied to ED. RESULTS: Twenty-three questions were validated in content, distributed in the 2 subscales of the instrument. The first 15 questions subscale Healthy eating habits and 8 questions subscale Unhealthy eating habits. The Content Validity Index was 0.85. Four hundred and fifty-eight ED were surveyed. In the subscale of Healthy eating habits, 11.2% of men and 11.4% of women presented healthy eating habits; 54.4% of men and 42.9% of women presented unhealthy eating habits. Finally, in the sum of both scales, only 16.6% of men and 17.6% of women categorize within Good Food Quality. CONCLUSION: The FQSE survey is a valid instrument in content and easy to apply to EL and allows evaluating and characterizing the quality of the diet of this age group.

Validación de contenido de la Encuesta de Calidad de Alimentación del Adulto Mayor (ECAAM) / Content validity of Food Quality Survey of Elderly (FQSE)

Introducción: existen escasos instrumentos que evalúen la calidad de alimentación de adultos mayores (AM) de la comunidad. Objetivo: realizar la validación de contenido de la encuesta diseñada para determinar la calidad de la alimentación del adulto mayor (ECAAM). Material y métodos: basado en la literatura existente se diseñó un cuestionario para evaluar la ECAAM. Se realizó la validación de contenido mediante el Índice de validez de contenido, a través del cálculo de la Razón de validez de contenido de Lawshe. Participaron del proceso de validación 28 expertos. Posteriormente, la encuesta ya validada se aplicó a AM. Resultados: se validaron en contenido 23 preguntas, distribuidas en las 2 subescalas del instrumento. Las 15 primeras preguntas subescala de Hábitos alimentarios saludables y 8 preguntas subescala de Hábitos alimentarios no saludables. El Índice de Validez de contenido fue de 0,85. Se encuestó a 458 adultos mayores. En la subescala de Hábitos alimentarios saludables, el 11,2% de los hombres y 11,4% de las mujeres presentan hábitos alimentarios saludables, en relación con la subescala de Hábitos alimentarios no saludables, que los presentan el 54,4% de los hombres y el 42,9% de las mujeres. Finalmente, en la suma de ambas escalas, solo el 16,6% de los hombres y 17,6% de las mujeres se categorizan dentro de Buena calidad de la alimentación. Conclusión: la encuesta ECAAM es un instrumento válido en contenido y fácil de aplicar a AM, y permite evaluar y caracterizar la calidad de la dieta de este grupo etario (AU)

Background: There are few instruments that evaluate the quality of food of elderly (ED) in the community. Objective: To carry out the content validity of the survey designed to determine the Food Quality Survey of Elderly (FQSE). Material and methods: Based on the existing literature, a questionnaire was designed to evaluate the FQSE. Content validity was performed using the Content Validity Index through the calculation of the Content Validity Ratio of Lawshe. Twenty-eight experts participated in the validation process. Subsequently, the validated survey was applied to ED. Results: Twenty-three questions were validated in content, distributed in the 2 subscales of the instrument. The first 15 questions subscale Healthy eating habits and 8 questions subscale Unhealthy eating habits. The Content Validity Index was 0.85. Four hundred and fifty-eight ED were surveyed. In the subscale of Healthy eating habits, 11.2% of men and 11.4% of women presented healthy eating habits; 54.4% of men and 42.9% of women presented unhealthy eating habits. Finally, in the sum of both scales, only 16.6% of men and 17.6% of women categorize within Good Food Quality. Conclusion: The FQSE survey is a valid instrument in content and easy to apply to EL and allows evaluating and characterizing the quality of the diet of this age group (AU)