RESUMO
Both the study of Brazilian wild mammal fauna and the conditions that foster the preservation of endangered species, such as Brazilian Maned-wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), in wild life are of extreme importance. In order to study the resistance profile of microbiota bacterial colonizing Brazilian Maned-wolf, this work investigated samples from eight male captive and free roaming animals originating from different Brazilian geographical regions. Samples for microbiological purposes were collected with swabs and kept in appropriate transport medium. Using routine microbiological techniques, the isolated bacteria were tested toward antimicrobial drugs by the agar disk diffusion method. Results showed that all samples from wild animals were sensitive toward all drugs tested. Conversely, the resistance profile of bacteria isolated from captive animals varied among strains and animal body site location. Escherichia coli samples from prepuce, anus and ear showed multi-resistance toward at least four drugs, especially against erythromycin and tetracycline, followed by Proteus mirabilis and P. vulgaris strains isolated from anus and ear. Among Gram-positive bacteria, strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci showed multi-resistance mainly toward erythromycin and amoxicillin. The work discusses these findings and suggests that profile of multi-resistance bacteria from captive subjects may be attributed to direct contact with human or through lifestyle factors such as feeding, predation or contact of animals with urban animals such as birds, rodents, and insects from surrounding environments.
RESUMO
Twenty-seven ejaculates of an adult, mixed breed, medium size dog were used in this study. The semen was collected by penile stimulation and divided into three equal samples. Group I (G I): cooled without extender; Group 2 (G2): diluted with skimmed milk-based extender; Group 3 (G3): diluted with glycine egg yolk-based extender, without glycerol. Samples were evaluated after collection (MO) as to sperm motility and vigor, and integrity of sperm membranes, and then incubated at 50 C. Samples were again evaluated for motility and vigor after being refrigerated for 24 (M 1),48 (M2) and 72 (M3) hours. M3 also included the integrity of sperm membranes in the evaluation. Statistical analysis of the obtained data showed G2 and G3 as equivalent, both being superior to G I in relation to the evaluated parameters. The cooling technique showed to be viable and the studied extenders were efficient in preserving the sperm functions during the cooling process of canine semen.
Foram utilizados 27 ejaculados de um cão, adulto, SRD, de porte médio. O sêmen foi coletado por meio de massagem peniana e dividido em três amostras iguais: GRUPO I (G I)-refrigerado, sem a utilização de meio diluente; GRUPO 2 (G2): diluído com meio à base de leite desnatado; GRUPO 3 (G3)-diluído com meio à base de glicina-gema, sem glicerol. As amostras foram avaliadas logo após a coleta (MO) quanto à motilidade, ao vigor espermático e à integridade das membranas espermáticas e, logo após, incubadas à temperatura de soe. Em seguida, as amostras foram avaliadas nos momentos:24(M I), 48(M2) e 72(M3) horas de refrigeração, para motilidade e vigor; em M3 foi avaliada também a integridade das membranas espermáticas. A análise estatística dos dados obtidos mostrou equivalência entre o G2 e o G3, ambos superiores ao G I quanto aos parâmetros estudados. A técnica de refrigeração mostrou-se viável, e os diluentes utilizados foram eficazes na preservação das funções espermáticas, durante o processo de refrigeração, na espécie canina.
RESUMO
Twenty-seven ejaculates of an adult, mixed breed, medium size dog were used in this study. The semen was collected by penile stimulation and divided into three equal samples. Group I (G I): cooled without extender; Group 2 (G2): diluted with skimmed milk-based extender; Group 3 (G3): diluted with glycine egg yolk-based extender, without glycerol. Samples were evaluated after collection (MO) as to sperm motility and vigor, and integrity of sperm membranes, and then incubated at 50 C. Samples were again evaluated for motility and vigor after being refrigerated for 24 (M 1),48 (M2) and 72 (M3) hours. M3 also included the integrity of sperm membranes in the evaluation. Statistical analysis of the obtained data showed G2 and G3 as equivalent, both being superior to G I in relation to the evaluated parameters. The cooling technique showed to be viable and the studied extenders were efficient in preserving the sperm functions during the cooling process of canine semen.
Foram utilizados 27 ejaculados de um cão, adulto, SRD, de porte médio. O sêmen foi coletado por meio de massagem peniana e dividido em três amostras iguais: GRUPO I (G I)-refrigerado, sem a utilização de meio diluente; GRUPO 2 (G2): diluído com meio à base de leite desnatado; GRUPO 3 (G3)-diluído com meio à base de glicina-gema, sem glicerol. As amostras foram avaliadas logo após a coleta (MO) quanto à motilidade, ao vigor espermático e à integridade das membranas espermáticas e, logo após, incubadas à temperatura de soe. Em seguida, as amostras foram avaliadas nos momentos:24(M I), 48(M2) e 72(M3) horas de refrigeração, para motilidade e vigor; em M3 foi avaliada também a integridade das membranas espermáticas. A análise estatística dos dados obtidos mostrou equivalência entre o G2 e o G3, ambos superiores ao G I quanto aos parâmetros estudados. A técnica de refrigeração mostrou-se viável, e os diluentes utilizados foram eficazes na preservação das funções espermáticas, durante o processo de refrigeração, na espécie canina.