RESUMO
The physical condition was evaluated and the normative reference values were obtained using the Alpha-Fit Battery. The main objective of this study was to establish the percentiles, their respective curves and differences between the sexes for the tests, thus providing an instrument that facilitates the evaluation of physical condition. With a sample of 604 children and adolescents (9-12 years old) with a normal body mass index (BMI) and no conditions that affect their physical performance. A significant difference was evidenced, with a higher average in women, in the measurements of body composition (BMI, height, body weight and skin folds). As well as higher averages in men in the long jump, 20-m shuttle run and shuttle run 4 x 10m. Likewise, there were higher averages in the long jump, shuttle run 4 x 10m and handgrip, as age increased, regardless of sex (AU)
A través de la Batería Alpha-Fit, se evaluó la condición física y obtuvo los valores normativos referenciales. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue establecer los percentiles, sus respectivas curvas y las diferencias entre sexos para las pruebas, brindando así un instrumento, que facilite la evaluación de la condición física. Con una muestra de 604 niños y adolescentes (9-12 años) con un índice de masa corporal (IMC) normal y ninguna condición que afecte su desempeño físico. Se evidencio una diferencia significativa, con mayor promedio en las mujeres, en las medidas de composición corporal (IMC, estatura, peso corporal y pliegues cutáneos). Así como promedios mayores en los hombres en las pruebas de salto de longitud a pies juntos, ida y vuelta 20m y agilidad/velocidad 4x10m. Igualmente, se presentaron mayores promedios en las pruebas de salto de longitud a pies juntos, agilidad/velocidad 4x10m y de presión manual conforme aumenta la edad, independientemente del sexo (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Nível de Saúde , Condicionamento Físico Humano , Composição Corporal , Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória , EquadorRESUMO
Objetivo: Reducir los efectos adversos del proceso quirúrgico de cirugía mayor ambulatoria (CMA). Material y métodos: El método de trabajo que se ha seguido ha sido utilizando la metodología Lean-Healthcare y sus herramientas. Se ha realizado la identificación de riesgos desde el Gemba (lugar de trabajo) y valoración según la escala NPR (número prioritario de riesgo) de la metodología AMFE (análisis modal de fallos y efectos). En este sentido se ha trabajado en grupo para hacer una descomposición funcional del proceso CMA del servicio de cirugía general desde la recepción de los volantes en la secretaría de consultas externas hasta el momento en que se da de alta al paciente en la visita de consultas externas y se cierra el proceso. Seguidamente se valoraron y priorizaron los riesgos y se identificaron las causas. Se definió un plan de trabajo que se inició durante una semana Gemba. Durante la valoración de riesgos se han ido incorporando personas conocedoras de cada fase del proceso, lo que ha permitido la aportación de diferentes puntos de vista y el consenso de las decisiones. Se han priorizado 25 acciones a realizar para dar respuesta a los objetivos del proyecto. Resultados: Después de realizar la semana Gemba, el equipo del proyecto se volvió a reunir para calcular por segunda vez el NPR (ocurrencia y detección) de los riesgos priorizados y trabajados. La gravedad no se ha vuelto a valorar ya que si realmente el error impacta sobre el paciente las consecuencias son las mismas. El índice NPR mejoró entre un 92 y un 40%. Las actuaciones iniciadas que han permitido mejorar el índice NPR han sido las siguientes: definición de los ítems a recoger en la historia (..) (AU)
Objective: The reduction of side effects in the surgical process of ambulatory surgery. Material and methods: The work type that has been followed is Lean-Healthcare methodology and its tools. The identification of risks has been realized from Gemba (work place) and a score according to the NPR scale and AMFE methodology. According to this, the workload is realized in-group to make a functional decomposition of the mayor ambulatory surgery of general surgery since the reception of the flyer in the general consult until the discharge and the closing of the process. Following assessment and priorization of the risks and identification of the probable causes and a work plan was defined that started in a Gemba week. During the risk assessment the incorporation of knowledgeable people inevery stage of the process, this has allowed the contribution of different views and consensus decisions, and 25 actions have been prioritized to meet the project objectives (..) (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios/métodos , Gestão da Segurança/métodos , Erros Médicos/prevenção & controle , Gestão de Riscos/organização & administração , Fatores de Risco , Comportamento de Redução do RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: We planned a prospective and descriptive analysis of the centenarian population in Lugo sanitary area, establishing their social, functional and medical status as well as its relationship with their basic hematological and biochemical parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the study period between January 2001 and September 2003, participants were visited at home by a doctor and a nurse. The following variables were assessed: social status, past medical history, physical examination, functional status (Barthel index), blood analysis. RESULTS: 54 centenarians were interviewed, 16 men and 38 women. 75.9% were widows; 87% lived with their family and 57,4% in urban areas. 79.6% had followed studies. All of them had their own incomes. Regarding past medical history, 64.8% had some visual or auditive disturbances, 81.5% were taking medical drugs, 59.3% had some surgical intervention and 46.3% had been hospitalized for medical reasons. Their vaccination status was poor. Functional status, assessed by Barthel index, showed an average of 59 +/- 36.4, higher in men (82.7 +/- 28.7) than in women (49.6 +/- 35.1) (p<0.003). Blood samples were analyzed in 51 cases, there were not significant differences among them regarding sex or physical disability. CONCLUSION: The features of the centenarian population of Lugo are similar to other countries. It is an heterogeneous group. There are more women, but their clinical and functional status are significantly worse than in males. We have not founded a relationship between hematological and nutritional parameters and the degree of functional dependence in centenarians.
