RESUMO
Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) may originate in different organs, from cells embryologically different but expressing common phenotypic characteristics, such as: the immuno-reactivity for markers of neuroendocrine differentiation (defined as "pan-neuroendocrine"), the capacity to secrete specific or aspecific peptide and hormones and the expression of some receptors, that are at the basis of the current diagnostic and therapeutical approach, peculiar to these tumors. NET have been conventionally distinguished in functioning, when associated with a recognized clinical endocrine syndrome, and non-functioning. However, this terminology may be misleading, since the great majority of NET may secrete neuroendocrine peptides, which can be employed as clinical markers for both diagnosis and follow-up. On the other hand, tissue immuno-reactivity for specific hormones does not always reflect secretory activity of the tumor cells. Finally, receptors and genetic markers are acquiring a relevant role in the characterization of NET, both improving knowledge of biology and physiopathology of NET, as well as in developing specific strategies to establish an early diagnosis and targeted therapies, to adopt prophylactic strategies in familial forms, and to identify more efficacious targets for therapy in the future.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores/análise , Tumores Neuroendócrinos , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Cromogranina A/análise , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Ácido Hidroxi-Indolacético/urina , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/análise , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/diagnóstico , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/metabolismo , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/terapia , Sistemas Neurossecretores/química , Sistemas Neurossecretores/fisiopatologia , Fosfopiruvato Hidratase/sangue , Prognóstico , Serotonina/análiseRESUMO
The activities of phospholipase A1 and A2 were tested in mitochondria and microsomes from different cerebral areas of both 4 month and 24 month old rats, after 30 days i.p. treatment with ox Brain Cortex Phosphatidyl Serine (BC-PS). In the brain areas from control animals a rather great decline in its ability to hydrolize the fatty acids of the main phosphoglycerides was found. Taking into account only the effect of treatment with BC-PS on the modification of phospholipase activities caused by aging, we found that the treatment was able to balance the enzymatic functions altered by aging in several of the area examined. The importance of this result on the lipidic metabolism of the aging brain is also discussed.
