Adaptation of the Beliefs about Well-Being Scale to the Spanish population / Adaptación de la Escala de Creencias sobre el Bienestar a la población española

The study of happiness and well-being is receiving increased attention in different fields. Recent research into well-being has focused on delving deeper into the individual's conception about the experience of well-being. McMahan and Estes (2011a) created a scale that assesses lay conceptions of well-being based on four dimensions: the experience of pleasure, avoidance of negative experience, self-development and contribution to others. The goal of this study was to adapt this scale, the Beliefs about Well-Being Scale (BWBS), to the Spanish population. The sample consisted of 1,024 participants from the general population ranging in age interval from 17 to 87 years old. The confirmatory factorial analysis results in a structure of four dimensions, similar to the original scale, although in the adaptation of the scale the items decrease from 16 to 12. The results of the reliability analysis reveal indexes similar to those of the original scale. These results confirm the validity of Beliefs about Well-Being Scale with general population in a cultural context different from the original study. This will allow cross-cultural studies to analyze the influence of culture in the perception of well-being

El estudio de la felicidad y el bienestar está recibiendo cada vez más atención en diferentes campos. Las investigaciones recientes sobre el bienestar se han centrado en profundizar en la concepción del individuo sobre la experiencia del bienestar. McMahan y Estes (2011a) crearon una escala que evalúa las concepciones legas del bienestar en base a cuatro dimensiones: la experiencia de placer, la evitación de la experiencia negativa, el autodesarrollo y la contribución a los demás. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar esta escala, Beliefs about Well-Being Scale (BWBS), a la población española. La muestra estuvo formada por 1.024 participantes de la población general con un intervalo de edad entre 17 y 87 años. El análisis factorial confirmatorio da como resultado una estructura de cuatro dimensiones, similar a la escala original, aunque en la adaptación de la escala los ítems disminuyen de 16 a 12. Los resultados del análisis de fiabilidad revelan índices similares a los de la escala original. Estos resultados confirman la validez de la Escala de Creencias sobre el Bienestar con población general en un contexto cultural diferente al del estudio original. Esto permitirá realizar estudios transculturales para analizar la influencia de la cultura en la percepción del bienestar

Satisfacción laboral y Burnout en trabajos poco cualificados: diferencias entre sexos en población inmigrante / Job satisfaction and Burnout in low-skilled jobs: sex differences on the immigrant population

El objetivo de este estudio es profundizar en el análisis de la satisfacción laboral en trabajos de escasa cualificación realizados por personas inmigrantes, buscando posibles diferencias entre hombres y mujeres. Se analiza una muestra de 250 inmigrantes en España procedentes de diferentes culturas. Las variables evaluadas son: satisfacción laboral, burnout y diferentes características laborales. No se han encontrado diferencias entre hombres y mujeres respecto al burnout ni a la satisfacción laboral. Cinismo y agotamiento correlacionan negativamente con la satisfacción laboral. Los resultados del análisis de regresión muestran modelos predictivos diferentes según el sexo: en los hombres la eficacia profesional y el cinismo son más relevantes que en las mujeres, y entre ellas el agotamiento y el control estricto predicen de forma negativa la satisfacción laboral. Además, la satisfacción con el tiempo de libre y la estabilidad laboral predicen la satisfacción laboral en ambos grupos de inmigrantes(AU)

The principal aim of this study tries to analyze the job satisfaction into low-skilled jobs realized by immigrants, looking for differences between women and men. Is analyzed a sample of 250 immigrants who live in Spain proceeding from different cultures. The variables evaluated across written questionnaire are: job satisfaction, burnout and some job characteristics. No differences were found between men and women in burnout or job satisfaction. So much cynicism as the depletion negatively correlated with job satisfaction. The results of the regression analysis showed predictive models differ according to sex: in men, the professional effectiveness and cynicism are more important than women; in women the exhaustion is negatively predicted job satisfaction. In addition, satisfaction with free time and job security predicts job satisfaction in both groups of immigrants(AU)

Stereotype development in Andalusian children.

Social psychologists have shown a profound interest in intergroup relationships, but there are very few papers focusing on the developmental aspects that explain the psychological mechanisms involved in the construction of group and cultural identity. Our research aims to explore how the self-categorization of Andalusian children evolves. We tried to assess the degree to which they self-identify as Andalusian, Spanish, and European, and how this identification changes with age. We were also interested in the affective evaluation of different groups (French, Italian, English, German, Spanish, Catalonian, and Andalusian) made by Andalusian children. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship between self-categorization and the evaluation of these groups. Results show that the development of national (autonomous community) identity in these children is influenced by their cognitive development, as well as by the relationships among the regional communities of Spain and the relationships between Spain and other countries. The peculiarity of Andalusians as a group is that they assume both identities: Spanish and Andalusian, from a very early age. In-group favoritism is an extended phenomenon at all ages, and Andalusian children have a negative stereotype of the other Spanish groups and other European communities.

Reacción de celos ante una infidelidad: diferencias entre hombres y mujeres y características del rival / Jealous reaction to infidelity: differences between men and women and differences in rival´s characteristics

Esta investigación está orientada a conocer las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en las situaciones desencadenantes de celos, así como al estudio del proceso de comparación social inherente a dicha emoción. Con este objetivo, un total de 408 hombres y 415 mujeres responden ante una hipotética infidelidad, sexual o emocional, de su pareja con un supuesto rival, cuyas características de dominancia y atractivo físico han sido manipuladas, siendo presentadas en dos niveles, alto y bajo, combinados entre sí. El análisis de las diferencias entre sexos refleja: una respuesta emocional de mayor intensidad en las mujeres; tendencias en los hombres a manifestar una preocupación menor por la infidelidad emocional y la percepción de amenaza a su autoestima ante la infidelidad sexual; una mayor sensación de peligro para la continuidad de la relación por parte de las mujeres ante la infidelidad emocional. También se ha observado que un rival no valorado, en aquellos campos de autodefinición de cada sexo, suscita un mayor sentimiento de inferioridad (AU)

The present study was undertaken with the aim of understanding the differences between men and women in situations which give rise to jealousy. Information obtained from a survey of 408 men and 415 women revealed that both genders experienced a higher intensity of emotional distress when confronted with the possibility of their partners participating in sexual infidelity than when their partners had participated in emotional infidelity. However, the survey also uncovered that the degree to which both genders experienced their emotional reactions varied. The results also revealed that conflicting priorities formed the basis of the two sexes’ reactions. Women perceived a threat to the future of the relationship in the face of infidelity, whereas men experienced a sexual infidelity as a threat to their self-esteem. The self-esteem of both sexes was found to be increasingly effected when their rivals failed to match their own preconceived and self-defined qualities (AU)