RESUMO
O presente trabalho objetivou realizar o levantamento florístico do Horto Medicinal do Campus 2 da Universidade Paranaense. O levantamento foi realizado entre março de 2008 a fevereiro de 2011. Para maior precisão na coleta de dados, inicialmente toda área foi mapeada. Posteriormente, de acordo com o ciclo reprodutivo, os espécimes foram coletados e herborizados segundo técnicas usuais preconizadas para a taxonomia. A identificação botânica foi realizada por meio do envio de material aos taxonomistas, bem como por estudos de comparação à literatura especializada e por comparações com exsicatas do Herbário da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (HUEM). As espécies foram depositadas no Herbário Educacional da Universidade Paranaense (HEUP). Os resultados demonstraram a ocorrência de 332 espécies, pertencentes a 256 gêneros e 89 famílias. As famílias de maior destaque em número de espécies foram: Asteraceae (11,3%), seguida de Lamiaceae (6,2%) e Euphorbiaceae (5,3%). Quanto ao hábito, as herbáceas totalizaram 41,6%, seguida das arbóreas (19,6%), arbustivas (16,5%), subarbustivas (15,1%) e lianas (7,2%). As exóticas (65,3%) foram mais representativas que as nativas (34,7%). No presente estudo, as espécies pertencentes às famílias Asteraceae, Lamiaceae e Euphorbiaceae foram os grupos predominantes encontrados em nossa pesquisa, esses dados mostram a importância dessas famílias como espécies medicinais como relatado pela literatura. O alto índice de espécies herbáceas encontradas no estudo é uma consequência do grande número de espécies pertencentes a estas famílias. Conclui-se que o Horto Medicinal do Campus 2 da UNIPAR, apresenta uma grande diversidade de espécies.
The aim of this study was to survey the flora of the Medicinal Garden at the Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR) Campus 2. The survey was carried out between March 2008 and February 2011. In order to increase accuracy in data collection, the garden area was entirely mapped. Later, according to the reproductive cycle, specimens were collected and processed using current techniques applied in botanical taxonomy. Botanical identification was performed by sending materials to taxonomists, as well as by comparison studies using specialized literature and comparison with exsiccate from the State University of Maringa Herbarium (HUEM). The species were deposited in the Teaching Herbarium at Universidade Paranaense (HEUP). The results demonstrated the occurrence of 332 species belonging to 256 genera and 89 families. The most representative families considering their number of species were Asteraceae (11.3%), followed by Lamiaceae (6.2%) and Euphorbiaceae (5.3%). According to the plant life form, herbs totaled 41.6%, followed by arboreous (19.6%), shrubs (16.5%), subshrubs (15.1%) and climbing plant (7.2%). Exotic plants (65.3%) were more frequent than native species (34.7%). In the present study, species belonging to Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Euphorbiaceae families were the most predominant groups found; these data show the importance of these families as medicinal species, as reported in literature. The high index of herbaceous species found in the study is a consequence of the great number of species belonging to these families. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Medicinal Garden at UNIPAR Campus 2 presents a great diversity of species, with predominance of herbs.
Assuntos
Plantas MedicinaisRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Pereskia grandifolia Haw. (Cactaceae), popularly known as "ora-pro-nobis" is well recognized in Brazilian traditional medicine as a diuretic agent, although no scientific data have been published to support this effect. The aim of this work is to evaluate the diuretic and hypotensive activities of the infusion (INFPG) and the ethanol extract (HEPG) of Pereskia grandifolia and possible mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The infusions (2.5-10%) and the HEPG (3-100 mg/kg) were orally administered in a single dose or daily (for seven days) to rats. The urine excretion rate, pH, density, conductivity and content of Na(+), K(+), Cl(-) and HCO(3)(-) were measured in the urine of saline-loaded animals. In collected serum samples the concentration of electrolytes, urea, creatinine, aldosterone, vasopressin and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity were evaluated. The involvement of V(2) vasopressin receptor in the diuretic activity and the hypotensive effect of HEPG were also determined. RESULTS: Water excretion rate was significantly increased by HEPG, while the urinary K(+) and Cl(-) excretion was significantly reduced in acute and prolonged treatment. The oral administration of the HEPG (30mg/kg) significantly reduced serum levels of vasopressin and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in normotensive rats. All other evaluated parameters have not been affected by any treatment. CONCLUSION: The results showed that HEPG could present compound(s) responsible for aquaretic activities with no signs of toxicity, and this effect could involve a reduction in the arginine-vasopressin release.
