DNA Barcoding Unveils New Species of the Sexually Dimorphic Genus Anteon Jurine (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) from China.

Species of Anteon Jurine, 1807 are a large group of parasitoids attacking leafhoppers, which are important insect pests. Despite their great potential in pest biological control, the taxonomy and biology of these parasitoids are far from clear. Sexual dimorphism is extreme in Anteon species and has hampered the taxonomy of these parasitoids, resulting in many species described based on a single sex. In this paper, we employed an integrated taxonomic approach for delimitating species, combining morphological examinations with DNA barcoding, to investigate Anteon species from China. In total, 53 COI sequences representing 29 species of Anteon were obtained and analyzed. On the basis of both morphology and DNA barcoding, five new species of Anteon were discovered and described: A. clariclypeum sp. nov., A. maguanense sp. nov., A. parafidum sp. nov., A. shaanxianum sp. nov., and A. shandonganum sp. nov. The neotype of A. claricolle Kieffer is designated. The sexual association of six species was confirmed by DNA barcoding, which led to the synonymy of Anteon liui Xu, Olmi & He 2010, new syn., under Anteon meifenganum Olmi, 1991. Keys to species of Anteon from the Oriental and Eastern Palaearctic are updated to contain the five new species. Our study demonstrates that DNA barcoding is a potent tool for tackling the taxonomic challenges in parasitoids with extreme sexual dimorphism.

Discovery of a new species of Dryinus (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber.

Dryinus carsteni sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea: Dryinidae) is described from mid-Cretaceous Kachin (Burmese) amber. The new species is close to D. taron Martynova, Zhang, Olmi, Mller, Perkovsky, 2020, but it can be distinguished for the shorter body (about 2 mm), antennomere 3 about 5 as long as broad and protarsomere 2 produced into hook (in D. taron, the body is longer more than 5 mm, antennomere 3 is about 20 as long as broad and protarsomere 3 is produced into hook).

A new species of Anteon from Zimbabwe (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae).

A new species from Zimbabwe, Anteon chirindense sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae: Anteoninae), is described and illustrated. Its relationship with other Afrotropical species of Anteon is discussed. The new species is close to A. haladai Olmi, described from Zambia, but its chela is different with inner margin of protarsomere 5 curved, whereas it is almost rectilinear in A. haladai. The key to the Afrotropical species of Anteon is modified to include the new species.

A new species of Lonchodryinus (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) from Upper Eocene Baltic amber.

Lonchodryinus groehni sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea: Dryinidae) is described from Baltic amber. The new species is close to L. balticus Olmi Guglielmino, 2012, but it can be distinguished for the different OPL/POL ratio and 2r-rsRs vein of the fore wing. A key to the fossil species of Lonchodryinus and a comparison with the extant species L. ruficornis (Dalman, 1818) are presented.

Anteon hubeni a new species from Ecuador (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae).

BACKGROUND: Anteon is a speciose genus widespread in all zoogeographical regions, except Antarctica. NEW INFORMATION: A new species, Anteon hubeni sp. n., is described below from Ecuador, Pichincha Province. The new species is similar to Anteon oliveirai Olmi, known from Brazil, Minas Gerais. The main difference between these two species concerns the sculpture of the frons: in A. oliveirai, the frons shows two lateral keels around the orbits directed towards the antennal toruli, whereas in A. hubeni, these keels are not present. The key to the Neotropical species of Anteon is modified to include the new species.

First Bocchus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) from Upper Eocene Rovno amber: B. schmalhauseni sp. nov.

A new species of pincer wasps, Bocchus schmalhauseni sp. nov. (Dryinidae) is described from Rovno amber (Ukraine). The amber piece was collected in the Vladimirets District in the north-west of the Rovno region. Taking into account this new record, a total of five species of Dryinidae are registered from Rovno amber. A key to the fossil species of Bocchus Ashmead is presented. The possible reasons for the different distribution of Dryinus species on both coasts of Subparathetys are discussed.

Discovery of a new Nearctic species of Bocchus (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae).

Bocchus pratti sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae: Bocchinae) is described from California, USA. The key to the males of the Nearctic species of the genus Bocchus Ashmead, is modified to include the new species.

Discovery of a new species of Embolemus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Embolemidae) from New Caledonia.

Embolemus villemantae sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Embolemidae) is described from New Caledonia. The key to the males of the Australasian species of Embolemus is modified to include the new species.

Discovery of the transantarctic distribution of the genus Metanteon Olmi (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), with description of a new species from New Caledonia.

Metanteon poirieri sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae: Anteoninae) is described from New Caledonia. The genus Metanteon Olmi, 1984, was known only from the southern region of Argentina and Chile. The unique species attributed previously to this genus is M. aerias (Walker, 1839), collected in Chile by Charles Darwin during his famous trip on the HMS Beagle. M. aerias is associated only with leafhoppers feeding on Southern Beeches (Nothofagus spp.), a genus of Nothofagaceae including species of trees and shrubs native to the southern Hemisphere in southern South America (Argentina, Chile) and Australasia (east and southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea and New Caledonia). Like Nothofagus, Metanteon is a transantarctic organism.

Discovery of a new species of Gonatopus (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) from Colombia.

Gonatopus duranprietoae sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae: Gonatopodinae) from Colombia is described and illustrated. This new species belongs to Gonatopus group 7. In this group, G. duranprietoae is similar to G. peruvianus Olmi, from Peru. The main difference between these two species is the shape of the metanotum: in G. duranprietoae lateral regions with two small pointed protrusions, which are absent in G. peruvianus. The key to the Neotropical species of Gonatopus group 7 is modified to include this new species.