Microlia cayaponia, a new pollen-feeder species from Brazil (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Hoplandriini) and its potential competitionin pollinator activity in Cayaponia plants (Cucurbitaceae).

Microlia Casey is a genus of small rove beetles from the New World and Australasia. Many species are recorded to be associated with the flowers of Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae, Asteraceae, and Monimiaceae. In this work, a new species from Brazil associated with flowers of Cayaponia (Cucurbitaceae), Microlia cayaponia Zilberman & Pires-Silva sp. nov., is described and illustrated. Aspects of its natural history are also investigated, with insights on foraging, reproduction, and the supposed impact on the plant and pollinator's fitness.

New Species of Entypus (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) and notes on the natural history of some Atlantic Forest spider wasps.

We describe the new species Entypus renata, sp. nov., from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and report on its host. We also provide the first host records for Ageniella (Priophanes) erythroptera (Banks), Entypus bituberculatus (Gurin-Meville) and an undetermined species of Poecilopompilus Ashmead. In addition, we report behavioral aspects for these species, including a new ethological sequence for Poecilopompilus.

Plastic debris and natural food in two commercially important fish species from the coast of Peru.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of plastic debris in the stomach contents of two commercially important species Ethmidium maculatum and Mugil cephalus from Peru and relate their characteristics to their diet. The contents of 1820 stomachs were analyzed visually to detect the presence of plastics and prey. Of the analyzed samples, 0.3% contained nine microplastic fragments (0.72-4.54 mm) and one mesoplastic fragment (6.65 mm). Green and blue plastics of polyethylene and polypropylene were the most common. In E. maculatum, copepods were the main prey, followed by diatoms and decapods, and they exhibited the highest amount of plastics. In M. cephalus, the main prey were diatoms, copepods, and dinoflagellates, and they exhibited only one type of microplastic. Although the characteristics of the plastics and the prey of these species may be related (sizes-colors), more research is required to understand this problem in commercially important fishery resources in Peru.

Using stable isotopes to discriminate anthropogenic impacts of the sedimentary organic matter pollution in the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon (RJ, Brazil).

Over the last decades, the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon (RFL), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has been impacted by the release of untreated domestic sewage, causing eutrophication processes with negative effects on its biota. Recently, the RFL underwent urban interventions to fulfill the demands of the 2016 Olympic Games, which included building the waist gallery and monitoring clandestine waste discharges into the underground drainage network. Organic-source tracing methods can be successfully used to characterize the organic matter transported from the urbanized areas to the RLF. The application of the elemental (C, N) and stable isotope (δ15N and δ13C) fingerprint methods in sediments from the RLF indicated a reduction in the domestic sewage inputs from 32 ± 16 to 12 ± 13% between 2015 and 2017. However, the sewage inputs continue being worrying. Our results also suggest that the main source of organic matter pollution in the lagoon comes from indiscriminate domestic sewage release from river channels. Secondary pollution sources are associated with the underground drainage network that still shows punctual and irregular releases of domestic sewage. Petroleum products, mainly from sewers, also show as possible organic pollution sources. Finally, the findings indicate that the interventions carried out in the RFL are promising. However, they were insufficient to cease the pollutant inputs and mitigate the negative impacts of eutrophication.

Plastic litter pollution along sandy beaches in the Caribbean and Pacific coast of Colombia.

Plastic pollution is a global problem that poses a threat to coastal and marine ecosystems and human livelihoods and requires effective solutions adaptable to local conditions. In Colombia, the knowledge about marine plastic pollution is still limited and the development of effective strategies for managing marine and coastal environments is crucial. Therefore, plastic pollution was assessed on 43 Colombian sandy beaches on the Caribbean and Pacific coasts. Amounts of macroplastic ranged from 35 ± 15 to 81 ± 23 items 100 m-1, being product's packaging the most common. Microplastic densities ranged from 3 to 1387 items m-2. The highest microplastic concentrations were found on the beaches from Caribbean cities and in rural areas of Pacific municipalities. Fragments and polyethylene were the most commonly observed shape and polymer categories, respectively. Tourism and poor waste management practices are the primary plastic sources on the studied beaches. Plastic litter on Colombian beaches are a problem that requires prevention, mitigation, and control actions to help conserve this ecosystem.

The impact of tourism on marine litter pollution on Santa Marta beaches, Colombian Caribbean.

Tourism is an important socioeconomic activity in coastal communities, which deteriorates marine-coastal ecosystem quality when poorly managed, increasing litter pollution on beaches during the main tourist seasons. This study aims to assess the tourism impact on litter pollution on eleven Santa Marta beaches, Colombian Caribbean. During high and low tourist seasons, people on the beaches were counted, macrolitter and microplastics were sampled, and perception surveys about litter on beaches were conducted. During the high tourist season, the number of people and macrolitter pollution increased, compared to the low tourist season. Plastics accounted for 30%-77% of macrolitter and microplastics ranged from 1 to 355 items/m2. Respondents identified tourism as a main litter source and plastics as the most common litter type. All assessed beaches are impacted by tourism causing litter pollution, therefore, stronger controls, educational, and awareness strategies are needed to reduce litter pollution and prevent ecological and socioeconomic impacts.

First evidence of microplastic pollution in the El Quetzalito sand beach of the Guatemalan Caribbean.

In Guatemala, assessment of the impacts of microplastic pollution in marine and coastal protected areas has not yet been carried out. Therefore, the main goal of this paper was to evaluate the abundance, composition, physical forms, and the possible sources of plastic debris in the El Quetzalito Beach. The area was intended for biodiversity conservation but has been excessively contaminated by plastic materials from land-based activities. The results state that plastic debris negatively impact the Caribbean coast of Guatemala and are released by storm water and riverine transport from the Motagua River. With a high abundance of 279 items/m2 (30 items/kg d.w.), composed mainly of polystyrene foam beads (66.8%) and polypropylene fragments (25.8%), the microplastic sources are the deterioration of large plastics. As these plastics are commonly used in industrial, commercial, fishing, and household activities, these findings reinforce the need to improve effective sustainable management actions of solid waste treatment and disposal in the Guatemalan cities.

Diversity and bioprospecting of cultivable fungal assemblages in sediments of lakes in the Antarctic Peninsula.

We recovered 195 fungal isolates from the sediments of different lakes in the Antarctic Peninsula, which were screened to detect bioactive compounds. Forty-two taxa belonging to the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota were identified. Thelebolus globosus, Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus, Pseudogymnoascus verrucosus, Vishniacozyma victoriae, and Phenoliferia sp. were found to be the most prevalent. The fungal assemblages showed high diversity and richness, but low dominance values. However, the diversity indices and fungal distribution ranged according to the different lake sediments. Sixty fungal extracts displayed at least one biological activity against the evaluated targets. Among them, Pseudogymnoascus destructans showed selective trypanocidal activity, Cladosporium sp. 1 and Trichoderma polysporum showed antifungal activity, and Pseudogymnoascus appendiculatus and Helotiales sp. showed high herbicidal activity. We detected a rich and diverse fungal community composed of cold cosmopolitan and psychrophilic endemic taxa recognized as decomposers, symbiotics, pathogens, and potential new species, in the sediments of Antarctic lakes. The dynamics and balance of this fungal community represents an interesting aquatic web model for further ecological and evolutionary studies under extreme conditions and potential climate changes in the regions. In addition, we detected fungal taxa and isolates able to produce bioactive compounds that may represent the source of prototype molecules for applications in medicine and agriculture.

Clinical Evaluation of Postoperative Sensitivity in Class I Resin Composite Restorations / Avaliação clínica da sensibilidade pós-operatória em restaurações classe I em compósitos restauradores

Objective: To evaluate the post operative sensitivity in posterior restorations with different resin composites and adhesive systems as well as the influence of the depth and extent of the dental cavity. Material and Methods: A double-blind clinical trial was carried out with 80 class I restorations of 16 patients. The participants were divided into 4 groups according to the adhesive system + composite: F + P (Filtek P90™ + P90™); R + S (Rok™ + Stae™); P + A (P60™ + Adper SE PLUS™); E + X (Evolux™ + XPBond™ Adhesive). After 7, 15 and 30 days, the presence of postoperative sensitivity was evaluated and classified according to type and intensity. The data were submitted to Pearson'schi-square test, Fisher's exact teste, Student'st-test and ANOVA. A significance level of 5%was used for all tests. Results: The presence of post operative sensitivity was approximately 6% of the total sample. The sensitivity decreased with the evaluation time, with the smallest reduction occurring from the 7-day evaluation compared to the other evaluations. Conclusion: There was found no evidence of influence of the resin composite and adhesive type, depth and extension of the cavities for the presence of postoperative sensitivity. (AU)

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da sensibilidade pós-operatória em dentes posteriores restaurados com diferentes resinas compostas e sistemas adesivos em relação a profundidade e extensão da cavidade dental. Material e Métodos: Estudo clínico duplo-cego foi realizado com 80 restaurações classe I em 16 pacientes. Os pacientes foram divididos em 04 grupos de acordo com compósito restaurador e sistema adesivo: F + P (Filtek P90™ + P90™); R + S (Rok™ + Stae™); P + A (P60™ + Adper SEPLUS™); E + X (Evolux™ + XPBond™ Adhesive). Após 7, 15 e 30 dias, a presença de sensibilidade pós-operatória foi avaliada e classificada quanto ao tipo e intensidade. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente mediante os testes estatísticos qui-quadrado de Pearson, exato de Fisher, t de Student e ANOVA. Um nível de significância de 5%foi utilizado para todas as analises. Resultados: A presença de sensibilidade pós-operatória foi de aproximadamente 6% na amostra. A sensibilidade reduziu com o tempo de avaliação, sendo que a menor redução ocorreu da avaliação de 7 dias para as outras avaliações e a menor de 15 para 30 dias. Conclusão: Não se evidenciou influência do tipo de compósito e adesivo, profundidade e extensão das cavidades na presença de sensibilidade pós-operatória. (AU)

Dispersal of potentially pathogenic bacteria by plastic debris in Guanabara Bay, RJ, Brazil.

Analyses of thermotolerant coliform and heterotrophic bacteria as well as Escherichia coli and Vibrio species were carried out on plastic samples and in the surrounding waters of Guanabara Bay to evaluate plastic debris as vehicles of bacterial dispersal. Chemical characterizations of plastics were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Plastic debris with high coliform contents were found, while their respective water samples had only low titers. No correlations were observed, however, between the amounts of bacteria and the chemical compositions of the plastic debris. Forty-four bacterial strains were PCR-confirmed as E. coli pathotypes, and 59 strains of Vibrio spp. (with 12 being identified as Vibrio cholerae [6], Vibrio vulnificus [5], and Vibrio mimicus [1]). These findings suggest these plastics can function as a substrate for bacterial biofilms (including pathogens). These debris, in turn, can be dispersed in aquatic environments not otherwise showing recent fecal bacterial contamination.

Exploring innovative techniques for identifying geochemical elements as fingerprints of sediment sources in an agricultural catchment of Argentina affected by soil erosion.

Identification of hot spots of land degradation is strongly related with the selection of soil tracers for sediment pathways. This research proposes the complementary and integrated application of two analytical techniques to select the most suitable fingerprint tracers for identifying the main sources of sediments in an agricultural catchment located in Central Argentina with erosive loess soils. Diffuse reflectance Fourier transformed in the mid-infrared range (DRIFT-MIR) spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) were used for a suitable fingerprint selection. For using DRIFT-MIR spectroscopy as fingerprinting technique, calibration through quantitative parameters is needed to link and correlate DRIFT-MIR spectra with soil tracers. EDXRF was used in this context for determining the concentrations of geochemical elements in soil samples. The selected tracers were confirmed using two artificial mixtures composed of known proportions of soil collected in different sites with distinctive soil uses. These fingerprint elements were used as parameters to build a predictive model with the whole set of DRIFT-MIR spectra. Fingerprint elements such as phosphorus, iron, calcium, barium, and titanium were identified for obtaining a suitable reconstruction of the source proportions in the artificial mixtures. Mid-infrared spectra produced successful prediction models (R2 = 0.91) for Fe content and moderate useful prediction (R2 = 0.72) for Ti content. For Ca, P, and Ba, the R2 were 0.44, 0.58, and 0.59 respectively.

First use of a compound-specific stable isotope (CSSI) technique to trace sediment transport in upland forest catchments of Chile.

Land degradation is a problem affecting the sustainability of commercial forest plantations. The identification of critical areas prone to erosion can assist this activity to better target soil conservation efforts. Here we present the first use of the carbon-13 signatures of fatty acids (C14 to C24) in soil samples for spatial and temporal tracing of sediment transport in river bodies of upland commercial forest catchments in Chile. This compound-specific stable isotope (CSSI) technique was tested as a fingerprinting approach to determine the degree of soil erosion in pre-harvested forest catchments with surface areas ranging from 12 to 40ha. For soil apportionment a mixing model based on a Bayesian inference framework was used (CSSIAR v.2.0). Approximately four potential sediment sources were used for the calculations of all of the selected catchments. Unpaved forestry roads were shown to be the main source of sediment deposited at the outlet of the catchments (30-75%). Furthermore, sampling along the stream channel demonstrated that sediments were mainly comprised of sediment coming from the unpaved roads in the upper part of the catchments (74-98%). From this it was possible to identify the location and type of primary land use contributing to the sediment delivered at the outlet of the catchments. The derived information will allow management to focus efforts to control or mitigate soil erosion by improving the runoff features of the forest roads. The use of this CSSI technique has a high potential to help forestry managers and decision makers to evaluate and mitigate sources of soil erosion in upland forest catchments. It is important to highlight that this technique can also be a good complement to other soil erosion assessment and geological fingerprinting techniques, especially when attempting to quantify (sediment loads) and differentiate which type of land use most contributes to sediment accumulation.

Estudo socioepidemiológico e espacial da Leishmaniose tegumentar americana em município do Pará / Socioepidemiologic and spatial study of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in a city of Pará

Objetivo: analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana ? LTA, no município deAugusto Corrêa, e a relação com variáveis ambientais e socioeconômicas. Método: Estudo transversal, retrospectivoe ecológico, em uma amostra de 74 pacientes. A fonte dos dados primários foia Secretaria Municipal de Saúde deAugusto Corrêa; os dados ambientais, socioeconômicos e epidemiológicos georrefrenciados foramos do laboratóriodegeoprocessamento de dados epidemiológicos do Instituto Evandro Chagas ? IEC, a partir do processo declassificação de imagens de satélite. Para geração dos modelos de integração de informação temáticas foram utilizadasfontes secundárias, como bases de dados cartográficos, imagens brutas de satélite e do Sistema de Informação deAgravos Notificáveis - SINAN. Para o desenvolvimento dos bancos de dados e execução das análises foi utilizada ageoindexação de informações temáticas, geradas em trabalhos de campo e laboratoriais, além de técnicas e métodosgeoestatísticos.Resultados:Aproporcionalidade foi maior na faixa etária de 11 a 34 anos(61,64%),no gêneromasculino (66%) e em indivíduos de cor parda (86%).No período estudado o ano de maior ocorrência de casosfoi 2008. A relação da doença com a ocupação esteve presente em maior frequência nospequenos agricultores,naproporção de (58%). A região de maior predominância foi a rural, onde se observou alto nível de desmatamento(90%).Conclusão:Para este estudo, foi possível observar que as características da frequência da LTA, na área e noperíodo estudado, apresentaram relação com a ocupação com condições socioeconômicas e alterações ambientais.

Objective:To analyze the spatial-temporal distribution of prevalence of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in AugustoCorrêa city, state of Pará, and its relationship with socioeconomic variables. Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospectiveecological study, a final sample of 74 patients was used at work. Primary data sources and records georeferencingof environmental, socioeconomic and epidemiological data were consulted. To develop the model of integratingthematic secondary information sources such as databases cartographic data, satellite imagery and gross SINAN,and information from the Municipal Health For preparation of analyzes were used to geographic index thematicinformation generated was used from and laboratory, and GIS technologies, statistical and epidemiologicaldatabase. Results: Proportion was highest in the age group 11-34 years (61.64%), the year with the highest numberof cases was in 2008, the proportion was higher in males (66%), was observed a relationship of the disease with theoccupation of the patient (58%) cases occurred predominantly in rural (90%), and individuals of mixed ethnicity(86%). Conclusion: According to this study, it was observed that the characteristics of proportion ofamericancutaneous leishmaniasisin the area and during the study period, compared with the present work, socioeconomic and environmental changes

Analysis of the detection coefficient for the association between leprosy and pregnancy in the integration region of Carajas, State of Para, Brazil

Introduction The association between leprosy and pregnancy is currently poorly understood and has been linked to serious clinical consequences. Methods A retrospective study between 2007 and 2009 was performed in the integration region of Carajás, Brazil on a population of pregnant lepers, with non-lepers of ages 12-49 years serving as the reference population. Results Twenty-nine pregnant lepers were studied during the study period. The detection rates (DRs) for the studied association were 4.7 in 2007, 9.4 in 2008, and 4.3 in 2009. Conclusions The Carajás region presented a medium pattern of endemicity during most of the study period, with a high DR found in 2008. .

Analysis of the detection coefficient for the association between leprosy and pregnancy in the integration region of Carajás, State of Pará, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: The association between leprosy and pregnancy is currently poorly understood and has been linked to serious clinical consequences. METHODS: A retrospective study between 2007 and 2009 was performed in the integration region of Carajás, Brazil on a population of pregnant lepers, with non-lepers of ages 12-49 years serving as the reference population. RESULTS: Twenty-nine pregnant lepers were studied during the study period. The detection rates (DRs) for the studied association were 4.7 in 2007, 9.4 in 2008, and 4.3 in 2009. CONCLUSIONS: The Carajás region presented a medium pattern of endemicity during most of the study period, with a high DR found in 2008.

Onlay com resina composta direta: Relato de caso Clínico / Onlay with direct composite resin: a case report

Com o crescente apelo estético da sociedade, um dos principais procedimentos realizados pelos cirurgiões-dentistas consiste na troca de restaurações de amálgama de prata, de elementos posteriores, por materiais que agreguem resistência mecânica e propriedades ópticas semelhantes à estrutura dental sadia. Para reabilitar elementos dentais extensamente comprometidos, muitas vezes necessitamos indicar procedimentos indiretos, e, para isso, dispomos de cerômeros e cerâmicas, embora tal alternativa não se apresente viável para a grande parcela da população, tendo em vista ser de alto custo. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo abordar a utilização de resinas compostas como alternativa para a confecção de restauração do tipo onlay por meio de uma breve revisão de literatura e de um relato de um caso clínico realizado na Clínica de Dentística 2 da UFPE.

With the society's increasing aesthetic appeal, the amalgam restoration changes from posterior teeth with materials that add strength and optical properties similar to the healthy tooth structure has been one of the most performed procedures by dentists. To rehabilitate dental elements widely compromised, we often need to indicate indirect procedures, and, for that kind of necessity, we have ceromers and ceramics. However, because of its high cost, this alternative is not viable for most people. The aim of this study is to address the use of composite resins as an alternative to these onlay restorations, through a brief literature review and clinical case report at the Clinic of Dentistry 2, UFPE.

O dilema do cirurgião-dentista na decisão da extração dos terceiros molares / The Dentist's Quandary in the decision of the Third Molar's extraction

O apinhamento é uma das oclusopatias mais frequentes, que compromete tanto a harmonia estética do sorriso quanto a harmonia oclusal. Caracteriza-se pela falta de espaço no arco para acomodar os elementos dentários de maneira harmônica. Por volta da adolescência e pós-adolescência, principalmente nos elementos anto-inferiores, a referida patologia tende a se manifestar/agravar, incomodando bastante os pacientes. Por ocorrer no período próximo da erupção dos terceiros molares, estes acabam sendo associados à manifestação do apinhamento. Diante do problema, o presente trabalho objetivou realizar uma revisão literária nos bancos de dados da MEDLINE e BBO, VG nos últimos 10 anos (1999 até 2009) sobre as principais correntes existentes a respeito da influência dos terceiros molares inferiores no apinhamento tardio e do dilema enfrentado pelo cirurgião-dentista na decisão de indicar a exodontia.

The crowding is one of the vulgarity diseases and in such a way compromises the aesthetic harmony of the smile and also the harmony of the occlusion. It is characterized by the lack of space in the arc to accommodate the dental elements of harmonic form. In the adolescence and after-adolescence, mainly in the previous and inferior elements, the crowding tends if to reveal/to aggravate sufficiently inconvenience the patients. For occurring in the period next to the eruption of the third molar, the third molar are associated with the manifestation it crowding. Ahead of the problem, the present work objectified to carry through a literary revision in the data bases of MEDLINE and BBO in last the 10 years (1999-2009) on main existing chains regarding the influence of the third molar lower in the crowding late and of the quandary faced for the dentist in the decision to indicate the extraction.

Clareamento interno: uma alternativa para discromia de dentes tratados endodonticamente / Intra coronal bleaching: an alternative to dyschromia of endodontically treated teeth

Alterações cromáticas intrínsecas são comuns em elementos dentais tratados endodonticamente. Tal consequência compromete a harmonia facial, uma vez que transforma uma única estrutura em área de estresse visual. Assim, o clareamento endógeno surge como uma boa alternativa para reversibilidade cromática, pois se mostra uma técnica conservadora, rápida, segura e de baixo custo no restabelecimento estético do elemento dental. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma breve revisão de literatura sobre clareamento endógeno bem como demonstrar, através de um caso clínico, uma sequência clínica utilizando cristal de ureia.

Intrinsic color changes are common in endodontically treated teeth. That consequence compromises the facial harmony, since converted a single structure in visual stress area. Thus the endogenous bleaching appears is a good alternative for reversibility color, because it shows itself as a conservative, fast, secure and low cost technique to the aesthetic restoration of the dental element. This study aims to conduct a brief review of the literature about Intra coronal bleaching, and demonstrate, through a case, a clinical series using urea crystal.

Influência do cimento resinoso sobre a adesão de pinos intrarradiculares estéticos / Influence of resin cement on adhesion of aesthetic root posts

Introdução: O objetivo desde trabalho é avaliar a influência do tipo de agente de união e da dentina radicular (1/3 cervical; médio e apical) sobre a cimentação adesiva de pinos estéticosde fibra de vidro. Métodos - Foram utilizadas 27 raízes de dentes humanos, divididas em 03 grupos de acordo com o agente cimentante: G1- RelyX Unicem(3M / ESPE); G2- RelyXARC(3M / ESPE) + Adper Single Bond 2(3M / ESPE); G3- Cement-Post(Angelus) + AdperSingle Bond 2(3M / ESPE). Após a cimentação, as raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente em três discos (1,0 ± 0,2 mm de espessura) e submetidos a ensaio “push out”. Resultados - Os valores médios de tensão de retenção em mega pascal (MPa) foram: G1: 1/3 cervical- 7,6;1/3 médio-8,9; 1/3 apical-11,1; G2: 1/3 cervical-2,4; 1/3 médio-3,8; 1/3 apical-7,4; G3: 1/3cervical-3,3; 1/3 médio-3,2; 1/3 apical-7,8. O teste de Kruskal-Walis (α=0,05) evidenciou queapesar do G1 (RelyX Unicem - 3M / ESPE) ter apresentado maiores valores de retenção nos três terços radiculares, esta superioridade só foi estatisticamente significante nos terços cervicale médio; os valores de retenção dos Grupos 2 e 3 não foram diferentes estatisticamente entre si.Conclusão - O cimento autoadesivo RelyX Unicem (3M / ESPE) apresentou os maiores valores de resistência adesiva, com diferença estatisticamente significativa nos terços cervical e médio.

Introduction: The objective of this article is to evaluate the influence of the cement type and root dentin (1/3 cervical; medium; apical) on the adhesive cementation of glass fiber aesthetic posts. Methods - They were used 27 roots from human teeth, divided in three groups according the cement agent: G1- RelyX Unicem, 3M / ESPE; G2- RelyX ARC, 3M / ESPE + Adper SingleBond 2, 3M / ESPE; G3- Cement-Post, Ângelus + Adper Single Bond 2, 3M / ESPE. After cementation, the root were cross sectioned in three discs (1,0 ± 0,2 mm high) and submitted topush-out test. Results - Mean values of tension (MPa) of retention were: G1 cervical 1/3: 7,6;medium 1/3: 8,9; apical 1/3 11,1; G2 cervical 1/3: 2,4; medium1/3 3,8; apical 1/3: 7,4; G3cervical 1/3: 3,3; medium1/3: 3,2; apical 1/3 7,8. Kruskall-Walis Test (α=0,05) showed thatalthough G1(RelyX Unicem - 3M / ESPE) had presented higher values of retention at the three root thirds, this superiority was statistically significant only in cervical and medium thirds;the values of retention in Goups 2 and 3 didn´t were statistically different between each other.Conclusion - The self-adhesive cement RelyX Unicem (3M / ESPE) presented the highest valuesof adhesive strength, with statistically differences at cervical and medium thirds.

Aplicação clínica das resinas de nanotecnologia / Nanotechnology resins clinical application

A aparência do sorriso tem grande impacto na vida dos indivíduos, afetando desde o convívio social até relações profissionais. Assim a Odontologia Estética, com o passar do tempo, tem evoluído em busca de materiais e técnicas restauradoras que mimetizem o aspecto natural dos elementos dentários. Um dos saltos qualitativos foi conseguido com o emprego da nanotecnologia aos compósitos restauradores que possibilitou o surgimento das resinas com nanopartículas. Atualmente os materiais "nano" vem despontando no mercado, graças ao marketing das partículas nanométricas, relacionando-as com os resultados obtidos em testes laboratoriais. Entretanto será que estes compósitos são a única ou melhor escolha para procedimentos restaraudores estéticos anteriores? O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de abordar o atual estágio das resinas compostas para a realização de restauraçõesestéticas em dentes anteriores, ressaltando o desempenho dos compósitos em pesquisas, bem como a influências destas no restabelecimento morfo-estético-funcional dos elementos anteriores, como também, apresentar um caso clínico de fechamento diastema anterior mediano, onde a técnica restauradora direta foi realizada como alternativa ao tratamento ortodôntico.

The smile appearence has a great impact on people's lives, affecting not only social life but also professional relationships. Therefore the aesthetic dentistry, along the years, has developed a lot through the research for materials and restorative tecchniques that copy the natural aspect of the human teeth. One of the biggest leaps was achieved through the union of nanotechnology and restorative composites, what has made possible the appearing of the nanofil composite resins. Nowadays these new materials have been arising in the dental market, thanks to the nanocomposites, relating them to the results obtained in laboratorial tests. However, will these composites be the best alternative to aesthetic restorative procedures? The aim of this study is to approach the resin's present situation for the achievement of aesthetic restorations in anterior teeth, standig out the composite's performance through researches, as well as the influence they have upon the morpho-aesthetic-functional anterior teeth's re-establishment. Also, in this study we present an anterior diastema closure case report, in which the direct restorative technique was used as an alternative to the orthodontic treatment.