Clinical and laboratorial performance of rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to analyze the clinical (survival rate, failure risk, or fracture) and laboratory performance (fracture mode or failure) of rehabilitations of endodontically treated teeth, with and without posts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and OpenGrey databases up to March 2023, according to PRISMA guidelines. In vitro and clinical studies that compared the clinical and laboratory performance of endodontically treated teeth with and without intraradicular posts were included. Studies selection, data extraction, and risk of bias analysis were performed. RESULTS: Thirty-one in vitro and 7 clinical studies were included. For in vitro studies, fiberglass post (n = 24) was the most mentioned. The follow-up time of the clinical studies ranged from 1 to 17 years, with the fiber-reinforced composite post (n = 3) being the most evaluated, and only failure risk proved to be more favorable for using intraradicular posts. CONCLUSION: Rehabilitations of endodontically treated teeth with and without intraradicular retainers showed no difference in fracture resistance and failure mode, evaluated by in vitro studies. Clinical studies showed no difference in survival rate, but failure risk proved to be more favorable for the use of posts. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This analysis revealed significant variability between results, however, most laboratory and clinical studies revealed no difference with using the post. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize the need to evaluate the coronary remnant and the general characteristics of the tooth in each situation.

FMNL2 regulates gliovascular interactions and is associated with vascular risk factors and cerebrovascular pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRFs) during middle age and later and is frequently accompanied by cerebrovascular pathology at death. An interaction between CVRFs and genetic variants might explain the pathogenesis. Genome-wide, gene by CVRF interaction analyses for AD, in 6568 patients and 8101 controls identified FMNL2 (p = 6.6 × 10-7). A significant increase in FMNL2 expression was observed in the brains of patients with brain infarcts and AD pathology and was associated with amyloid and phosphorylated tau deposition. FMNL2 was also prominent in astroglia in AD among those with cerebrovascular pathology. Amyloid toxicity in zebrafish increased fmnl2a expression in astroglia with detachment of astroglial end feet from blood vessels. Knockdown of fmnl2a prevented gliovascular remodeling, reduced microglial activity and enhanced amyloidosis. APP/PS1dE9 AD mice also displayed increased Fmnl2 expression and reduced the gliovascular contacts independent of the gliotic response. Based on this work, we propose that FMNL2 regulates pathology-dependent plasticity of the blood-brain-barrier by controlling gliovascular interactions and stimulating the clearance of extracellular aggregates. Therefore, in AD cerebrovascular risk factors promote cerebrovascular pathology which in turn, interacts with FMNL2 altering the normal astroglial-vascular mechanisms underlying the clearance of amyloid and tau increasing their deposition in brain.

Health needs of mothers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVES: to evidence and analyze the health needs of mothers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome. METHODS: a total of 44 articles published between October/2015 and March/2021 on PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct were included. The RTI bank and CASP score were applied to classify the methodological quality of the studies. Reflective content analysis and Cecílio and Matsumoto's taxonomy were used for analysis. Visual map was used as a technique for presenting the results. RESULTS: mothers need access to social protection, family-centered, multi-professional empathetic monitoring, cultivating bonds and affection by professionals, sharing of care between health network services, strengthening the social support network and fostering coexistence groups between them. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: intersectoral initiatives must be implemented for better housing conditions, fighting stigma, holding parents accountable and resuming life project.

Neurovascular manifestations in patients with COVID-19: a case series.

OBJECTIVE: To describe cerebrovascular manifestations in patients hospitalized for treatment of severe COVID-19, highlighting the comorbidities observed, and those that may play a relevant role as risk factors for severe outcomes. METHODS: This case series retrospective analyzed, from June to November, 2020, ten patients admitted to the emergency department, with positive nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction assay for SARS-CoV-2, presenting with neurological symptoms and positive findings at brain imaging studies. RESULTS: In this sample, the clinical severity of the symptoms varied from mild to critical. Ischemic stroke was observed in four patients, hemorrhagic events occurred in five cases. Three patients evolved with large parenchymal hemorrhage, and one presented petechial bleeding foci. In one case, we observed subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with bilateral hypodensity in both globus pallidus. Typical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome findings were observed in one patient on brain computed tomography. CONCLUSION: Patients with neurovascular complications related to COVID-19 had positive findings in brain imaging and neurological symptoms. The pathological entities observed drew attention to the neurological risk of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, including worse outcomes in individuals whose medical history includes clinical comorbidities, especially hypertension and obesity.

Health needs of mothers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome: an integrative review / Necesidades de salud de las madres de niños con Síndrome Congénito por el virus del Zika: una revisión integradora / Necessidades de saúde de mães de crianças com Síndrome Congênita pelo vírus Zika: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evidence and analyze the health needs of mothers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome. Methods: a total of 44 articles published between October/2015 and March/2021 on PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct were included. The RTI bank and CASP score were applied to classify the methodological quality of the studies. Reflective content analysis and Cecílio and Matsumoto's taxonomy were used for analysis. Visual map was used as a technique for presenting the results. Results: mothers need access to social protection, family-centered, multi-professional empathetic monitoring, cultivating bonds and affection by professionals, sharing of care between health network services, strengthening the social support network and fostering coexistence groups between them. Final Considerations: intersectoral initiatives must be implemented for better housing conditions, fighting stigma, holding parents accountable and resuming life project.

RESUMEN Objetivos: demostrar y analizar las necesidades de salud de las madres de niños con Síndrome Congénito causado por el virus del Zika. Métodos: se incluyeron 44 artículos publicados entre octubre/2015 y marzo/2021 en PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science y Science Direct. Se aplicó el puntaje RTI bank y CASP para clasificar la calidad metodológica de los estudios. Para el análisis se utilizó el análisis de contenido reflexivo y la taxonomía de Cecílio y Matsumoto, y se utilizó el mapa visual como técnica para presentar los resultados. Resultados: las madres necesitan acceso a protección social, centrado en la familia, multidisciplinar, seguimiento empático, cultivar vínculos y afectos por parte de los profesionales, compartir la atención entre los servicios de la red de salud, fortalecer la red de apoyo social y fomentar grupos de convivencia entre ellas. Consideraciones Finales: se deben implementar iniciativas intersectoriales para mejorar las condiciones de vivienda, combatir el estigma, responsabilizar al padre y retomar el proyecto de vida.

RESUMO Objetivos: evidenciar e analisar as necessidades de saúde de mães de crianças com Síndrome Congênita pelo vírus Zika. Métodos: foram incluídos 44 artigos publicados, entre outubro/2015 e março/2021, na PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science e Science Direct. Foram aplicados o RTI bank e escore CASP, para classificar a qualidade metodológica dos estudos. A análise de conteúdo reflexiva e a taxonomia de Cecílio e Matsumoto foram utilizadas para análise, e o mapa visual, enquanto técnica de apresentação dos resultados. Resultados: as mães necessitam de acesso à proteção social, acompanhamento multiprofissional empático centrado na família, cultivo de vínculo e afeto por parte dos profissionais, compartilhamento de cuidados entre serviços da rede de saúde, fortalecimento da rede de apoio social e fomento de grupos de convivência entre elas. Considerações Finais: devem ser implementadas iniciativas intersetoriais para melhores condições de moradia, enfrentamento do estigma, responsabilização do genitor e retomada do projeto de vida.

Horta medicinal na saúde da família: resgatando saberes e sentidos das plantas medicinais - relato de experiência / Medicinal vegetable garden in Family Health: rescuing the knowledge and senses of medicinal plants - an experience repor

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência da implantação de uma horta medicinal em uma Unidade de Saúde de um município baiano. Método: relato de experiência da implantação em 3 etapas: reuniões de planejamento, realização de oficinas e a implantação da horta. Resultados e Discussão: As oficinas evidenciaram práticas inseguras relacionadas ao uso de plantas medicinais concomitante com medicamentos alopáticos e substituição do fármaco pelo tratamento com as plantas. Conclusão: a implantação da horta possibilitou a discussão entre a comunidade e os profissionais da unidade sobre o uso de plantas medicinais trazendo a reflexão sobre o resgate de saberes e sentidos das plantas medicinais.

Objective: To describe the experience of implementing a medicinal vegetable garden in a Health Unit in a municipality in Bahia. Method: Experience report of the implementation in 3 stages: planning meetings, holding workshops and setting up the vegetable garden. Results and Discussion: the workshops highlighted unsafe practices related to the use of medicinal plants by users, as well as concomitant use with allopathic drugs and substitution of the drug by treatment with the plants. Conclusion: The implementation of the garden made possible the discussion between the community and the professionals of the unit about the use of medicinal plants bringing the reflection on the rescue of knowledge and senses of medicinal plants.

Insights on the phenotypic heterogenity of 11ß-hydroxylase deficiency: clinical and genetic studies in two novel families.

PURPOSE: 11ß-hydroxylase deficiency accounts for 5% of congenital adrenal hyperplasia cases. Diagnosis suspiction is classically based on the association between abnormal virilization, precocious puberty, and hypertension in 46XX or 46XY subjects. We investigated two families with siblings presenting with opposed clinical features, and provided a review of the mechanisms involved in mineralocorticoid-dependent phenotypic heterogeneity. METHODS: The coding region of the CYP11B1 gene of 4 patients was sequenced and familial segregation was confirmed. Clinical characterization and blood steroid profile were performed. RESULTS: Family 1 comprised a female and a male siblings who presented in middle childhood with genital ambiguity (Prader II) and precocious puberty, respectively, associated with hypertension. In the second decade of life, the woman had three full-term pregnancies, and then evolved normotensive with no treatment over a 5-year follow up. On the other hand, her brother had hypertensive end-organ damage at age 24. In family 2, a 2.9 year-old boy presented with precocious puberty and hypertension, whereas his 21 days-old sister had genital ambiguity (Prader III) and salt wasting. A homozygous exon 4 splice site mutation was identified (IVS4ds-1G > A; c.799 G > A) in family 1, while a nonsense mutation in exon 6 (p. Q356X; c.1066 C > T) was found in family 2. CONCLUSION: CYP11B1 mutations were associated with highly variable phenotypes, from mild to severe virilization, and early-onset hypertension or salt wasting. Further analysis of variants in other hypertension-related genes, steroid synthesis and metabolism compensatory pathways, and/or the investigation of chimeric CYP11B genes are needed to clarify the phenotypic heterogeneity in 11ß-hydroxylase deficiency.

TGFBR1 mutations associated with Loeys-Dietz syndrome are inactivating.

To assess the effect of Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) mutations affecting TGFΒR1 a selection of seven disease-associated amino acid substitutions were introduced into wild type TGFßR1 and constitutively active TGFßR1(T204D). Receptor function was tested by co-transfection with a luciferase reporter or EGFP-tagged SMAD2 in HEK293 cells. All of the mutations were found to be inactivating for canonical TGF-ß signaling. Differences in residual activity were not found to correlate with disease subtype. In co-transfection experiments with equal amounts wild-type receptor, the LDS mutations were found to confer a modest dominant negative effect. These results are discussed in relation to LDS and the related Marfan syndrome.