Multi-trait Genomic Prediction Model Increased the Predictive Ability for Agronomic and Malting Quality Traits in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

Plant breeders regularly evaluate multiple traits across multiple environments, which opens an avenue for using multiple traits in genomic prediction models. We assessed the potential of multi-trait (MT) genomic prediction model through evaluating several strategies of incorporating multiple traits (eight agronomic and malting quality traits) into the prediction models with two cross-validation schemes (CV1, predicting new lines with genotypic information only and CV2, predicting partially phenotyped lines using both genotypic and phenotypic information from correlated traits) in barley. The predictive ability was similar for single (ST-CV1) and multi-trait (MT-CV1) models to predict new lines. However, the predictive ability for agronomic traits was considerably increased when partially phenotyped lines (MT-CV2) were used. The predictive ability for grain yield using the MT-CV2 model with other agronomic traits resulted in 57% and 61% higher predictive ability than ST-CV1 and MT-CV1 models, respectively. Therefore, complex traits such as grain yield are better predicted when correlated traits are used. Similarly, a considerable increase in the predictive ability of malting quality traits was observed when correlated traits were used. The predictive ability for grain protein content using the MT-CV2 model with both agronomic and malting traits resulted in a 76% higher predictive ability than ST-CV1 and MT-CV1 models. Additionally, the higher predictive ability for new environments was obtained for all traits using the MT-CV2 model compared to the MT-CV1 model. This study showed the potential of improving the genomic prediction of complex traits by incorporating the information from multiple traits (cost-friendly and easy to measure traits) collected throughout breeding programs which could assist in speeding up breeding cycles.

Relaxamento com imagem guiada e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes durante quimioterapia / Relaxation with guided imagery and health-related quality of life of patients during chemotherapy / Relajación con imagem guiada y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los pacientes durante la quimioterapia

Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos do relaxamento com imagem guiada sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes durante quimioterapia. Metodologia: estudo quase-experimental realizado com 152 pacientes adultos com câncer em dois centros de quimioterapia. Utilizou-se instrumento Quality of Life Questionnaire­Core30. Foram realizados Testes Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon. Resultados: no Tempo1, ambos os grupos (controle e intervenção) apresentaram sintomas mais comuns: dor, fadiga, insônia e perda de apetite. Na comparação entre grupos, foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas no Tempo1, com o grupo controle apresentando melhores escores de qualidade de vida global (p=0,0090), função social (p=0,0116), náuseas/vômitos (p=0,0303); já em Tempo2, função física (p=0,0318) e Tempo3 para funções física (p=0,0004), emocional (p=0,0235), desempenho de papel (p=0,0003), fadiga (p=0,0011), náuseas/vômitos (p=0,0256), os melhores resultados foram para o grupo intervenção. Comparando-se os tempos, grupo controle apresentou prejuízo nas funções física, emocional e social, náuseas/vômitos e constipação, enquanto grupo intervenção apresentou melhora na função emocional. Conclusão: relaxamento com imagem guiada proporcionou melhora na qualidade de vida dos pacientes durante quimioterapia (AU).

Objective: to evaluate the effects of relaxation and guided imagery on health related quality of life during chemotherapy. Methodology: quasi-experimental study performed with 152 cancer patients in two chemotherapy centers. A QualityofLifeQuestionnaire-Core30 instrument was used. The Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were performed. Results: at Time1, both groups (control and intervention) had the most common symptoms: pain, fatigue, insomnia and loss of appetite. In the comparison between groups, statistically significant differences were found in Time1, with the control group presenting better scores of global quality of life(p=0,0090), social function(p=0,0116), nausea/vomiting(p=0,0303); while Time2, for physical function(p=0,0318) and Time3 for physical(p=0,0004), emotional(p=0,0235), and role function(p=0,0003), fatigue(p=0,0011), nausea/vomiting(p=0,0256), with better results for the intervention group. Comparing the times, the control group presented impairment in physical, emotional and social functions, nausea/vomiting and constipation, while the intervention group presented improvement in emotional function. Conclusion: relaxation and guided imagery resulted in improvement on quality of life in patients during chemotherapy (AU).

Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la relajación con imagen guiada en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los pacientes durante la quimioterapia. Metodología: estudio cuasi-experimental en 152pacientes con cáncer en dos centros de quimioterapia. Utilizamos instrumento Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core30.Se realizaron las pruebas de Mann-Whitney y Wilcoxon.Resultados:Tiempo1 en grupos (control y intervención) fueron los síntomas más frecuentes: dolor, fatiga, insomnio y pérdida de apetito. En la comparación entre los grupos, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en Tiempo1, con el grupo de control que presenta mejores puntuaciones de calidad de vida global (p=0,0090), función social (p=0,0116), náuseas/vómitos (p=0,0303); mientras Tiempo2, para la función física (p=0,0318) y Tiempo3 a las funciones físicas (p=0,0004), emocionales (p=0,0235), desempeño del rol (p=0,0003), fatiga (p=0,0011), náuseas/vómitos (p=0,0256), con mejores resultados para el grupo de intervención. La comparación de los tiempos, el grupo de control mostró deterioro en las funciones físicas, emocionales y sociales, náuseas/vómitos y estreñimiento, mientras que el grupo de intervención mostró mejoría en la función emocional. Conclusión: relajación con imagen guiada proporcionada mejora en la calidad de vida de los pacientes durante la quimioterapia (AU).

Relaxamento com imagem guiada e presença de depressão em Pacientes com câncer durante quimioterapia / Relaxation with guided imagery and depression in patients with cancer undergoing Chemotherapy / Relajación con imagen guiada y presencia de depresión en pacientes con cáncer durante Quimioterapia

O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito do Relaxamento com Imagem Guiada sobre a presença de depressão em pacientes com câncer durante quimioterapia. Estudo quase-experimental, realizado em duas centrais de quimioterapia, entre 2009-2011. O grupo intervenção foi submetido ao relaxamento com imagem guiada; os grupos intervenção (n=73) e controle (n=79) responderam ao Inventário de Depressão de Beck. Os cânceres mais frequentes foram: mama, intestinal e gástrico. Diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05) entre os grupos (Teste de Mann-Whitney, p=0,0158) e entre os tempos (Teste de Wilcoxon, p=0,0401) foram encontradas, com o grupo intervenção apresentando mais pacientes "sem depressão" do que o controle. De acordo com Inventário de Depressão de Beck, os resultados evidenciaram que a intervenção ajudou a reduzir a presença de depressão nestes pacientes. Espera-se que a prática desta intervenção seja divulgada e difundida no trabalho do dia-a-dia do enfermeiro, para que, em um futuro próximo, os pacientes oncológicos possam se beneficiar com estas terapias (AU).

The present study aimed to assess the effect of relaxation and guided imagery on depression in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Quasi-experimental study conducted in two chemotherapy centers between 2009-2011. The intervention group was subjected to relaxation with guided imagery; the intervention (n = 73) and control (n = 9) groups completed the Beck Depression Inventory. The most frequent cancers were breast, intestinal and gastric cancers. Statistically significant differences (p <0.05) were observed between the groups (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.0158) and times (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.0401), and the intervention group had more patients "without depression" than the control group. According to Beck Depression Inventory, the results showed that intervention contributed to reduce the presence of depression among these patients. It is expected that this intervention be disseminated in routine nursing care, so that in the near future cancer patients may benefit from these therapies.(AU)

El propósito del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la Relajación con Imagen Guiada sobre la depresión en pacientes con cáncer durante la quimioterapia. Estudio casi experimental, realizado en dos centrales de quimioterapia, entre 2009 y 2011. El grupo de intervención fue sometido a la relajación con imagen guiada; los grupos de intervención (n=73) y control (n=79) contestaron al Inventario de Depresión de Beck. Los tipos de cáncer más frecuentes fueron: de mama, intestinal y gástrico. Hubo diferencias de estadística significantes (p<0,05) entre los grupos (Test de Mann-Whitney, p=0,0158) y entre los tiempos (Test de Wilcoxon, p=0,0401). El grupo de intervención presentó más pacientes "sin depresión" que el de control. De acuerdo con el Inventario de Depresión de Beck, los resultados evidenciaron que la intervención contribuyó con la reducción de la presencia de depresión en eses pacientes. Se considera importante que la práctica de esa intervención sea divulgada y difundida en el trabajo diario del enfermero, para que, en un futuro prójimo, los pacientes oncológicos puedan beneficiarse con esas terapias.(AU)

Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes com câncer em quimioterapia / Health-related quality of life of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy / Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de pacientes con cáncer en quimioterapia

Estudo transversal, com o objetivo de avaliar a Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúdeem pacientes com câncer em quimioterapia, identificar domínios afetados e associá-los com características sociodemográficas e clínico-terapêuticas da amostra. Foi realizado com 152 pacientes entre 2009-2011 em duas centrais de quimioterapia, na cidade de Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil.Utilizou-se o instrumento Qualityof Life Questionnaire-Core30. A Qualidade de Vida geral foi considerada boa, os domínios afetados foram: função emocional, desempenho de papel, dor, fadiga, insônia e perda de apetite. Pacientes do sexo feminino, entre 40-60 anos, economicamente ativos, com câncer gástrico, pulmão, neurológico e pele, os metastáticos e os pacientes que realizaram cirurgia e/ou radioterapia concomitantemente apresentaram déficits em vários domínios e presença de mais sintomas. Concluiu-se que o câncer e seu tratamento afetaram de algum modo os pacientes, causando déficits nas funções desempenhadas e presença de mais sintomas, prejudicando sua Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde.

It is a cross-sectional study to evaluate the health-related quality of life in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, to identify the domains affected and associate them with socio-demographic and clinical-therapeutic features of the sample. It was performed with 152 patients between 2009 and 2011 in two centers of chemotherapy, in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. The instrument Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 was used. The general Quality of Life was considered good, the domains affected were: emotional and role function, pain, fatigue, insomnia and loss of appetite. Female patients, between 40 and 60 years, economically active, with gastric, lung, neurological and skin cancer, with metastasis, and patients who under wentsurgery and/or radiotherapyshowed concomitant deficit sin several areasand the presence ofmore symptoms. We concluded that the cancer and its treatment somehow affected patients, causing more symptoms and deficits of theperformed functions, jeopardizing their health-related quality of life.

Estudio transversal,cuyo objetivo fue evaluar la Calidad de Vida relacionada con la Salud en pacientes con cáncer en quimioterapia, identificar dominios afectados y asociarlos con datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y terapéuticos de la amuestra. Llevado a cado con 152 pacientes entre 2009-2011 en dos centros de quimioterapia, en Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. Se utilizó el instrumento Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30. La Calidad de Vida general fue considerada buena, losdominios afectados fueran: función emocional, desarrollo de papel, dolor, fatiga, insomnio y pérdida de apetito. Pacientes del sexo femenino, entre 40-60 años, económicamente activos, con cáncer gástrico, pulmón, neurológico y piel, con metástasis y los pacientes que se sometieron a cirugía y/o radioterapia concomitante presentaran déficit en varias áreas y presencia de más síntomas. El cáncer y su tratamiento afectaran de alguna manera los pacientes, causando déficits en las funciones desarrolladas e más síntomas, perjudicando la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud.

Qualidade de vida nos pacientes oncológicos: revisão integrativa da literatura latino-americana / Quality of life in cancer patients: integrative review of Latin American literature / Calidad de vida en pacientes con cáncer: revisión integral de la literatura hispanoamericana

O constructo subjetivo e multidimensional Qualidade de Vida (QV) consolida-se entre os estudiosos na década de 90. Identificar, mensurar e avaliar os domínios afetados pela doença tem sido a proposta de diversos estudos com delineamentos qualitativos e quantitativos. Os objetivos foram caracterizar a produção científica latinoamericana sobre QV em pacientes oncológicos adultos; identificar aspectos relacionados à QV nesta população; identificar os instrumentos utilizados para avaliar a QV. Uma das estratégias metodológicas para realizar a prática baseada em evidências é a revisão integrativa. A amostra resultou em 25 artigos, nos quais havia uma alta concentração de estudos na subcategoria QV nos diferentes tipos de câncer de cabeça e pescoço (32%), que nos faz refletir sobre os inúmeros efeitos colaterais e secundários do tratamento, como as mutilações, alterações funcionais e estéticas que interferem nas atividades de vida diária dos pacientes. Verificamos uma prevalência na aplicação do instrumento EORTC QLQ-C30 sendo que este explora sintomas específicos do câncer. Considera-se que tais estudos não apresentaram fortes evidências para aplicação clínica. Correspondendo a prática baseada em evidências, concluímos a importância no desenvolvimento de estudos com intervenções efetivas para subsidiar a prática de enfermagem e garantir uma assistência qualificada e consequentemente melhorar QV aos pacientes oncológicos.

The subjective and multidimensional construct Quality of Life (QoL) is consolidated among researchers in the 90s. Identify ,to measure and assess the areas affected by the disease has been the proposal of several studies of qualitative and quantitative designs. The aims of this study were to characterize the scientific literature on QoL in Latin Adult cancer patients, to identify aspects of QoL in this population, to identify the instruments used to evaluate QoL. One of the methodological strategies to achieve the evidence-based practice is an integrative review. The sample resulted in 25 studies, which had a high concentration of studies on QoL in the different sub-types of head and neck cancer (32%), that makes us reflect on the numerous side and secondary effects of treatment such as mutilation, functional and esthetic changes that interfere with daily activities of patients. We found a prevalence of the EORTC QLQ-C30 instrument, since it explores specific symptoms of cancer. It is considered that these studies did not show strong evidence for clinical application. In response to the evidence-based practice, we conclude the importance in the development of studies of effective interventions to support nursing practice and ensure quality care and therefore improve QoL for cancer patients.

El concepto subjetivo y multidimensional, Calidad de Vida (CV), se consolidó entre los estudiosos en los años 90. Identificar, medir y evaluar los dominios afectados por la enfermedad fue la propuesta de varios estudios cualitativos y cuantitativos. Los objetivos fueron caracterizar la producción científica latino americana sobre CV en pacientes oncológicos adultos, identificar los aspectos relacionados a CV en esta población y identificar los instrumentos utilizados para esta evaluación. Una de las estrategias metodológicas de práctica basada en evidencias, es la revisión integradora. La muestra resultó en 25 artículos, en los cuales había alta concentración de estudios sobre CV de diferentes sub-tipos de cáncer de cabeza y cuello (32%), lo que nos hace reflexionar sobre los numerosos efectos colaterales y secundarios del tratamiento, como mutilaciones, alteraciones funcionales y estéticas que interfieren en las actividades diarias de los pacientes. Encontramos que prevalece la aplicación del instrumento EORTC QLQ-C30, siendo que éste explora síntomas específicos del cáncer. Se considera que estos estudios no presentaron fuertes evidencias para aplicación clínica. Correspondiendo a la práctica basada en evidencias, concluimos por la importancia del desarrollo de estudios con intervenciones efectivas para auxiliar la práctica de enfermería garantizando atención especializada, y consecuentemente mejorar la CV de pacientes oncológicos.

The outcomes of visualization and acupuncture on the quality of life of adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to treat cancer patients has increased around the world, and its benefits have been described. These therapies represent an important theme in oncology and have been used in parallel with conventional therapies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the outcomes of using relaxation with visualization and acupuncture on the quality of life of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment and to compare these outcomes with patients who did not choose to receive the intervention. METHODS: Participants chose to be in either the intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). They completed the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 at the start and end of chemotherapy. The IG was chosen by 38 patients with different types of cancer who completed weekly relaxation with visualization and acupuncture sessions, whereas the CG was composed of 37 patients who did not receive the intervention. RESULTS: Statistically significant results evidenced an increase in global health and emotional and social functions and a decrease in fatigue and loss of appetite for the IG, and an increase in global health for the CG (P< or =.05). A highly significant difference was found when comparing the post-chemotherapy scores of the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 in the global health domain between the CG and the IG (P< or =.001), indicating positive outcomes of the CAM intervention. CONCLUSION: Adults with cancer are able to choose between involvement or not with this kind of CAM intervention. Global health could be improved by participating in this type of intervention.

[Quality of life evaluation in cancer patients to submitted to chemotherapy]. / Avaliação da qualidade de vida de pacientes com câncer submetidos à quimioterapia.

This descriptive and cross-sectional study aimed to assess the Quality of Life (QoL) of cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy. The instrument European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer--Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) was used for data collection. The sample consisted of 30 patients who signed the informed consent term. Data were analyzed in SPSS software. The QLQ-C30 showed that, for physical, cognitive and social functions, and role performance mean scores ranged from 71.26 to 75.12, demonstrating a satisfactory level. In the emotional function, the mean score was low (55.46). On the symptoms scales, there were a predominance of insomnia, with a mean score of 34.44, followed by pain 23.33 and fatigue 22.31. The QoL was satisfactory in all domains except for the emotional function, which scored low demonstrating that the collateral effects of chemotherapy exert a negative influence on patients' quality of life.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida de pacientes com câncer submetidos à quimioterapia / Evaluación de la calidad de vida de pacientes con cáncer sometidos a quimioterapia / Quality of life evaluation in cancer patients to submitted to chemotherapy

Estudo descritivo e transversal, desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a Qualidade de Vida (QV) de pacientes com câncer, submetidos à quimioterapia. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se o instrumento European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer - Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). A amostra constitui-se de 30 pacientes que assinaram o consentimento informado. Os dados foram analisados pelo software SPSS. O QLQ-C30 mostrou que a pontuação média das funções física, cognitiva e social, e desempenho de papel, variou de 71,26 a 75,12, demonstrando um nível satisfatório. Na função emocional, a média foi baixa, de 55,46. Nas escalas de sintomas, houve o predomínio da insônia com uma média de 34,44, seguida de dor (23,33) e fadiga (22,31). A QV foi satisfatória em todos os domínios, exceto a função emocional, que foi baixa, demonstrando que os efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia influenciam negativamente a QV dos pacientes.

This descriptive and cross-sectional study aimed to assess the Quality of Life (QoL) of cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy. The instrument European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer - Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) was used for data collection. The sample consisted of 30 patients who signed the informed consent term. Data were analyzed in SPSS software. The QLQ-C30 showed that, for physical, cognitive and social functions, and role performance mean scores ranged from 71.26 to 75.12, demonstrating a satisfactory level. In the emotional function, the mean score was low (55.46). On the symptoms scales, there were a predominance of insomnia, with a mean score of 34.44, followed by pain 23.33 and fatigue 22.31. The QoL was satisfactory in all domains except for the emotional function, which scored low demonstrating that the collateral effects of chemotherapy exert a negative influence on patients' quality of life.

Estudio descriptivo y transversal desarrollado con el objetivo de evaluar la Calidad de Vida (CV) de pacientes con cáncer sometidos a quimioterapia. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizó el instrumento European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer - Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). La muestra se constituyó de 30 pacientes que firmaron el consentimiento informado. Los datos fueron analizados con el software SPS. El QLQ-C30 mostró que la puntuación promedio de las funciones físicas, cognitiva y social y desempeño de papel varió de 71,26 a 75,12, demostrando un nivel satisfactorio. En la función emocional, el promedio fue bajo de 55,46. En las escalas de síntomas hubo el predominio del insomnio con un promedio de 34,44, seguida de dolor 23,33 y fatiga 22,31. La CV fue satisfactoria en todos los dominios excepto la función emocional que fue baja demostrando que los efectos colaterales de la quimioterapia influyen negativamente la CV de los pacientes.