Preditores da Síndrome de Burnout em trabalhadores da saúde no contexto hospitalar / Predictors of Burnout Syndrome among healthcare workers in hospitals

Esta pesquisa buscou identificar preditores sócios demográficos e laborais das dimensões de Burnout em 182 trabalhadores da saúde no contexto hospitalar. Foi utilizado um questionário, o Maslach Burnout Inventory e a Escala de Avaliação do Contexto do Trabalho. Na análise dos dados empregou--se a análise de regressão múltipla. Considerar a profissão estressante foi a variável de maior poder explicativo para as dimensões de Exaustão Emocional e baixa Realização Profissional. Como variáveis preditoras da Despersonalização destacaram-se condições negativas de trabalho, estresse no atendimento ao paciente e sexo masculino. O perfil de risco para Burnout foi constituído de profissionais com maior escolaridade; tempo de profissão; que percebem profissão, condições de trabalho, escala de trabalho, tipo e quantidade de pacientes como fatores estressantes (AU)

Preditores da Síndrome de Burnout em trabalhadores da saúde no contexto hospitalar / Predictors of Burnout Syndrome among healthcare workers in hospitals

Esta pesquisa buscou identificar preditores sócios demográficos e laborais das dimensões de Burnout em 182 trabalhadores da saúde no contexto hospitalar. Foi utilizado um questionário, o Maslach Burnout Inventory e a Escala de Avaliação do Contexto do Trabalho. Na análise dos dados empregou--se a análise de regressão múltipla. Considerar a profissão estressante foi a variável de maior poder explicativo para as dimensões de Exaustão Emocional e baixa Realização Profissional. Como variáveis preditoras da Despersonalização destacaram-se condições negativas de trabalho, estresse no atendimento ao paciente e sexo masculino. O perfil de risco para Burnout foi constituído de profissionais com maior escolaridade; tempo de profissão; que percebem profissão, condições de trabalho, escala de trabalho, tipo e quantidade de pacientes como fatores estressantes

This research aims at identifying sociodemographic and laboral predictors of burnout syndrome in 182 health workers in the hospital setting. It uses a questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and a working context scale. In the analysis of the data a multiple regression analysis was employed. Interviewees' considering their profession as stressful was the most revealing variable with regards to the Emotional Exhaustion dimension and the low level of Professional Efficacy. As predictor variables to Cynicism the research points to negative working environments, stress upon dealing with male patients. The risk profile for burnout syndrome includes higher schooled professionals, old-timers and those who perceive their job, work scale, type and quantity of patients as stressing factors

Detection and analysis of change in remotely sensed imagery with application to wide area surveillance.

A new approach to wide area surveillance is described that is based on the detection and analysis of changes across two or more images over time. Methods for modeling and detecting general patterns of change associated with construction and other kinds of activities that can be observed in remotely sensed imagery are presented. They include a new nonlinear prediction technique for measuring changes between images and temporal segmentation and filtering techniques for analyzing patterns of change over time. These methods are applied to the problem of detecting facility construction using Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery. Full scene results show the methods to be capable of detecting specific patterns of change with very few false alarms. Under all conditions explored, as the number of images used increases, the number of false alarms decreases dramatically without affecting the detection performance. It is argued that the processing gain that results in using more than two images justifies the increased computational complexity and storage requirements of our approach over single image object detection and conventional change detection techniques.

[Imaging of the breast treated with quadrantectomy and radiotherapy. Interpretative difficulties in diagnosing asymptomatic recurrences]. / L'imaging della mammella trattata con QU.A.RT. Difficoltà interpretative nel riscontro delle recidive asintomatiche.

This study was aimed at evaluating the incidence of breast carcinoma recurrences in a group of female patients treated with QU.A.RT. July 1989 to December 1990, 111 asymptomatic patients underwent physical examination, mammography (in both cranio-caudal and 45 degrees oblique projections), and US with 7.5 and 10 MHz probes. The study population was made of patients operated between 1984 and 1989 and subsequently treated with radiotherapy. Twenty-seven cases with suspect mammographic and US findings were selected and submitted to cytology with needle biopsy under US or stereotaxic guidance. Ten of them exhibited recurrences (9%) at cytology. Of the extant 17 cases, 5 had inflammatory lesions, 1 had liponecrosis, and 11 patients presented with no pathologic cells. The interpretative difficulties of mammographic and US findings were also examined. Problems were found to be related to both correct execution of the technique due to the treatment the breast is submitted to (volumetric reduction and structural distortion) and to correct image interpretation. Therefore we conclude that the two diagnostic methods be combined for they are complementary in the early detection of breast carcinoma recurrence.

[The role of color Doppler echography in the diagnosis of breast tumors]. / Il ruolo dell'eco Color-Doppler nella diagnostica dei tumori della mammella.

The authors discuss the results from a series of 45 patients with breast lumps. All patients were studied by means of mammography, sonography, color Doppler US, and biopsy. Abnormal Doppler signal was observed in 94% of the patients with breast cancer. However, this finding is not specific because it can be occasionally found in benign lesions too. The use of color Doppler US is suggested in those cases where neither US nor mammography is conclusive.

Histogram analysis using a scale-space approach.

A new application of scale-space filtering to the classical problem of estimating the parameters of a normal mixture distribution is described. The technique involves generating a multiscale description of a histogram by convolving it with a series of Gaussians of gradually increasing width (standard deviation), and marking the location and direction of the sign change of zero-crossings in the second derivative. The resulting description, or fingerprint, is interpreted by relating pairs of zero-crossings to modes in the histogram where each mode or component is modeled by a normal distribution. Zero-crossings provide information from which estimates of the mixture parameters are computed. These initial estimates are subsequently refined using an iterative maximum likelihood estimation technique. Varying the scale or resolution of the analysis allows the number of components used in approximating the histogram to be controlled.

Microprocessor-based fiber-optic iterative optical processor.

The design and fabrication of an iterative optical vector-matrix processor are described. Microprocessor feedback is used to produce an iterative processor capable of solving simultaneous linear equations. It also facilitates scaling and biasing of the data and the handling of bipolar and complex-valued data as well as correction for selected system error sources. Fiber-optic interconnections are used to improve the system's alignment and to reduce its size, weight, and errors. The design, fabrication, and performance of the system are analyzed.

Iterative color-multiplexed, electro-optical processor.

A noncoherent optical vector-matrix multiplier using a linear LED source array and a linear P-I-N photodiode detector array has been combined with a 1-D adder in a feedback loop. The resultant iterative optical processor and its use in solving simultaneous linear equations are described. Operation on complex data is provided by a novel color-multiplexing system.