The Primary Prevention of Sexual Violence Against Adolescents in School and Community Settings: A Scoping Review.

Sexual Violence (SV) is a public health problem with serious long-term consequences for victims. This scoping review aimed at summarizing the implementation, methodology, characteristics, and efficacy of SV prevention programs conducted in school and community settings with middle and high school students. This study also gathered recommendations for future research. Studies were searched in three databases: EBSCOHOST, SCOPUS and Web of Science. Eighty-six peer-reviewed empirical studies about SV prevention programs applied in school and community settings with samples of middle and high school students were analyzed. Most original studies (46.3%) used sexual violence outcomes, although many approached sexual violence in the context of dating violence (43.3%). Most SV prevention programs were applied in the U.S.A. although studies were identified across the globe. Prevention programs tend to reduce SV attitudes, perpetration, and victimization and to increase SV knowledge, as well as bystander attitudes and behaviors. The evidence reveals the efficacy of these programs, although future studies are needed to clarify the specificities of SV prevention. This article provides recommendations considering the measurement of SV outcomes, the role of technology, the involvement of adults and communities, the timing of interventions, sexual education, and reporting practices.

The Knowledge, Perceptions and Training Needs About Online Sexual Grooming of Children and Adolescents in a Sample of Professionals Who Work in Portugal.

Online sexual grooming occurs when adults or adolescents contact children and adolescents using online media intending to establish sexual contact with the victims. Professionals who work with children and adolescents can be crucial in the prevention and intervention in this phenomenon. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the knowledge, the perceptions, and the training needs regarding online sexual grooming perpetrated by adults in a sample of professionals who work with children and adolescents in Portugal. A total of 161 professionals participated in the study, of which 72 (45%) were teachers, 52 (32%) were child protection professionals and 37 (23%) were psychologists. A new questionnaire was developed for this study, which was distributed online. All the participants reported having heard the term "online sexual grooming" before. The data show that most participants have some training regarding violence against children and adolescents but that only a minority of participants have training regarding online sexual grooming. Participants reported confidence in their ability to support victims of grooming and considered training regarding this phenomenon as a beneficial tool for professionals. The main conclusion from this research is that professionals are motivated to prevent online sexual grooming, and that, if they receive adequate evidence-based training, they may be essential first responders in sexual abuse cases.

Sociodrama, juventude e inserção social / Sociodrama, youth and social inclusion

O texto apresenta algumas reflexões consequentes de uma pesquisa desenvolvida por cinco psicodramatistas com um grupo de jovens participantes do projeto de uma ONG, cujo objetivo era a preparação para a inserção dos mesmos no mercado de trabalho. Inicialmente a autora apresenta uma compreensão a respeito da juventude aliando conceitos psicodramáticos a alguns aportes de outras áreas, tais como a história e a sociologia. Em seguida aborda o sociopsicodrama como metodologia de trabalho com jovens e algumas reflexões a respeito de suas vivências no projeto da ONG. Dois aspectos principais foram evidenciados por meio da pesquisa: em primeiro lugar, nas vivências, o universo adulto consistiu em uma referência constante para os jovens, tanto nas atitudes de questionamento e crítica como nos momentos de aproximação, resgate e experimentação. O segundo aspecto analisado foi a importância do espaço privado, assim como do público, para o desenvolvimento do grupo e sua inserção na comunidade.(AU)

This text presents the reflections that have emerged from a research carried out by five psychodramatists with a group of youths from a project of a non-governmental organization, with the objective of preparing them to enter the job-market. The author first presents her understanding of youth, bringing together psychodramatic concepts with other areas such as history and sociology. Then she addresses socio-psychodrama as a working method for youths, as well as some of her thoughts regarding the experiences with this project. The research has highlighted two particularly significant aspects: firstly, during the socio-psychodramatic work with these youths constant references were made to the adult universe, both in their questioning and critical attitudes, as well as their moments of proximity, fulfilment and experimenting. The second aspect that has been explored was the importance of both private and public spaces for the development of the group and their inclusion into the community.(AU)

O psicodrama como instrumento de crítica e intervenção social / Psychodrama as an instrument of social critique and intervention

A proposta do artigo é refletir a respeito da contribuição do psicodrama como metodologia de intervenção social, tendo como referência o acompanhamento de projetos voltados especificamente para jovens de classe socioeconômica baixa. As reflexões e indagações críticas apresentadas são conseqüentes do trabalho desenvolvido pelo Gecap.(AU)

The objective of this article is to reflect on the contribution of psychodrama as a method of social intervention, using as reference point projects developed especially for young people from economically disadvantaged social classes. The reflections and critical examinations presented here are the result of the work carried out at the Gecap.(AU)