Unconventional Yeasts Isolated from Chilean Honey: A Probiotic and Phenotypic Characterization.

This study explores the potential probiotic properties of yeasts isolated from various Chilean honeys, focusing on Ulmo, Quillay, and Mountain honeys. Six yeast strains were identified, including Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Candida sp., Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Rhodosporidiobolus ruineniae, Clavispora lusitaniae, and Metschnikowia chrysoperlae. Phenotypic characterization involved assessing their fermentative performance, ethanol and hops resistance, and cross-resistance. Ethanol concentration emerged as a limiting factor in their fermentative performance. The probiotic potential of these yeasts was evaluated based on resistance to high temperatures, low pH, auto-aggregation capacity, survival in simulated in vitro digestion (INFOGEST method), and antimicrobial activity against pathogens like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella enteritidis. Three yeasts, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and Metschnikowia chrysoperlae, exhibited potential probiotic characteristics by maintaining cell concentrations exceeding 106 CFU/mL after in vitro digestion. They demonstrated fermentative abilities and resistance to ethanol and hops, suggesting their potential as starter cultures in beer production. Despite revealing promising probiotic and technological aspects, further research is necessary to ascertain their viability in producing fermented foods. This study underscores the innovative potential of honey as a source for new probiotic microorganisms and highlights the need for comprehensive investigations into their practical applications in the food industry.

Presurgical Cleft Management of Infants: A Survey of ACPA Approved and International Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Teams.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the presurgical infant orthopedics (PSIO) and gingivoperiosteoplasty (GPP) protocols across the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) approved and international cleft palate (CP) and craniofacial teams. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: ACPA approved and international CP and craniofacial teams. RESULTS: Respondents from 115 out of 215 ACPA approved and international CP and craniofacial teams permitted to contact (out of a total of 259 total teams) completed the survey (response rate = 53.5%). There were 89 (77.4%) ACPA approved teams and the remaining international teams were mainly located in Europe (13.0%). Seventy-eight CP and craniofacial teams (67.8%) provided PSIO and 65 (83.3%) of these teams used alveolar molding (AM). Twenty-two CP and craniofacial teams (19.1%) provided GPP. A mean of 9.5 ± 2.6 different specialists were on the cleft team with the most common being orthodontists (97.4%), speech therapists (96.5%), and plastic/craniofacial surgeons (90.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Most ACPA approved and ACPA registered international CP and craniofacial teams provided PSIO techniques by orthodontists using lip taping (LT) and AM, while few provide GPP.

Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability of the Brazilian version of the wheelchair skills test-questionnaire 4.3 for manual wheelchair users.

The Wheelchair Skills Test-Questionnaire form for Manual Wheelchairs Operated by Wheelchair Users (WSTQ-M-WCU 4.3) assesses wheelchair skills that may influence users' occupational performance in their daily activities. The purpose of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the WSTQ-M-WCU 4.3 to Brazilian Portuguese and to examine the inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities. This is a methodological study of cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of reliability. The agreement achieved in the cross-cultural adaptation concerning idiomatic, cultural, conceptual and semantic aspects was 100%, 99.2%, 100% and 96.18%, respectively. We analyzed the test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities in a convenience sample of 46 manual wheelchair users using Cronbach's Alpha and Bland-Altman plots. The Brazilian version has excellent internal consistency (α > 0.9) and strong inter-rater reliability (p < .05). This instrument can guide practitioners in training wheelchair skills, thus contributing to the planning of interventions and for evidence-based practice in Assistive Technology.

Lineamientos, estándares y normas editoriales de revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura en la administración / Guidelines, standards and editorial norms of systematic literature reviews in administration / Diretrizes, normas e padrões editoriais para revisões sistemáticas da literatura em administração

RESUMEN Dada la carencia de lineamientos únicos o estandarizados para las revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura en el campo de la administración, este artículo hace una recopilación de información sobre las pautas de publicación en revistas indexadas y estándares internacionales para analizarlas y tener un panorama más amplio frente a las guías o requerimientos que se deben seguir para la publicación de Revisiones Sistemáticas de Literatura (RSL) en el campo de la administración. La estrategia metodológica contempló la búsqueda y selección de estándares internaciones para Revisiones Sistemáticas, el análisis de las pautas de las revistas que publican RSL en el campo de la administración halladas a partir de una búsqueda sistemática y la comparación de los estándares y las pautas de las revistas. CLASIFICACIÓN JEL A29, M10, Y20.

ABSTRACT In management there is a lack of unique or standardized guidelines for systematic reviews of the literature. This article compiles information on the publication guidelines in indexed journals in management and international standards to analyze them. This gives a broader panorama about the guidelines or requirements to be followed for the publication of Systematic Literature Reviews (SLR) in the field of administration. The methodological strategy included the search and selection of international standards for Systematic Reviews, the analysis of the guidelines of the journals that publish SLR in the field of management and administration found from a systematic search and the comparison of the standards and guidelines of the journals. JEL CLASSIFICATION A29, M10, Y20.

RESUMO Dada a falta de diretrizes únicas ou padronizadas para revisões sistemáticas de literatura no campo da administração, este artigo compila informações sobre diretrizes de publicação em revistas indexadas e padrões internacionais a fim de analisá-las e ter uma visão mais ampla das diretrizes ou requisitos que devem ser seguidos para a publicação de Revisões Sistemáticas de Literatura (SLR) no campo da administração. A estratégia metodológica contemplou a busca e seleção de padrões internacionais para Revisões Sistemáticas, a análise das diretrizes das revistas que publicam SLR no campo da gestão encontradas a partir de uma busca sistemática e a comparação dos padrões e das diretrizes das revistas. CLASSIFICAÇÃO JEL A29, M10, Y20.

Relato de experiência com um programa de preparação para a aposentadoria de servidores públicos / Experience report with a preparation program for the retirement of public servers

Resumo Este estudo objetivou relatar a experiência de uma equipe multidisciplinar com um Programa de Preparação para Aposentadoria destinado a servidores públicos municipais. Tratou-se de um relato de experiência da implantação de um projeto piloto de um programa de preparação para a aposentadoria em um Regime Próprio de Previdência Social de um município de médio porte do interior do Estado de São Paulo. A experiência foi realizada em cinco etapas: (a) Divulgação do programa; (b) Triagem dos participantes; (c) Avaliação pré-programa; (d) Desenvolvimento do programa e temáticas; e (e) Avaliação pós-programa. Enquanto qualificadores da experiência, foram apresentados dados quantitativos e qualitativos, coletados a partir de questionários semiabertos, aplicados no início e final da experiência, como partes das etapas de construção e aprimoramento do programa. Foram realizados cinco encontros grupais temáticos com um total de 28 participantes. Dos participantes que reavaliaram o programa, 100% (n=17) o qualificou como bom ou ótimo, 94% (n=16) afirmou ter esclarecido dúvidas, 71% (n=12) relatou ter mudado o entendimento sobre a aposentadoria e adotado novas atitudes para se preparar e 82% (n=14) apontou que as atividades contribuíram para o preparo para a nova fase. Observaram-se relatos qualitativos sobre ressignificação da aposentadoria, mudanças na decisão de optar pelo benefício e construção de novas perspectivas de futuro. O projeto piloto se mostrou uma estratégia viável para a preparação em relação ao processo de aposentadoria e planejamento de vida, sendo uma necessidade eminente a implementação de ações nesse sentido para a promoção de qualidade de vida de servidores públicos.

Abstract This study aimed to report the experience of a multidisciplinary team in the implementation of a Retirement Preparation Program for municipal civil servants. It was an experience report of the implementation of a pilot project of a Retirement Preparation Program in an Own Social Security Regime of a medium-sized municipality in the interior of the State of São Paulo. The experiment was carried out in five stages: (a) Dissemination of the program; (b) Screening of participants; (c) Pre-program evaluation; (d) Development of the program and themes; and (e) Post-program evaluation. As qualifiers of the experience, quantitative and qualitative data were presented, collected from semi-open questionnaires, applied at the beginning and end of the experience, as part of the construction and improvement stages of the program. Five thematic group meetings were held with a total of 28 participants. Among the participants who reevaluated the program, 100% (n=17) qualified it as good or excellent, 94% (n=16) stated that they had clarified doubts, 71% (n=12) reported having changed their understanding of retirement and adopted new attitudes to prepare, and 82% (n=14) stated that they contributed to the preparation for retirement. There were qualitative reports on the reframing of the concept of retirement, changes in the decision to choose to benefit, and the construction of new perspectives of the future. The pilot project carried out proved to be a possible strategy for the preparation about the process of retirement and life planning, it is an eminent need to implement actions in this direction to promote the quality of life of public servants.

A mobilidade funcional com cadeiras de rodas em sujeitos com lesão medular / The functional mobility with wheelchairs in individuals with spinal cord injury

Resumo Introdução A mobilidade funcional é aspecto comumente comprometido em sujeitos com lesão medular, requerendo o uso de uma cadeira de rodas. Embora esse recurso seja fundamental na reabilitação desses sujeitos, diversos aspectos relacionados ao ambiente físico podem interferir nos níveis de mobilidade funcional. Objetivo Descrever os aspectos relacionados à mobilidade funcional com o uso de cadeiras de rodas entre sujeitos com lesão medular. Método Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo com amostra de conveniência composta por 11 sujeitos com lesão medular advindos de uma associação de pessoas com deficiência de uma cidade de médio porte do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se um Formulário de Identificação do Sujeito com Lesão Medular. Os dados foram submetidos a uma análise descritiva simples. Resultados A maioria da amostra fazia uso de cadeira de rodas motorizada (63,63%; n=7) e reportou a presença de barreiras no ambiente domiciliar (81,81%; n=9), sendo na calçada (90,90%; n=10) e no quarteirão do domicílio (90,90%; n=10). A despeito dessas barreiras, 100% (n=11) relatou independência para a mobilidade no domicílio e 90,90% (n=10) em locais externos. Dentre as dificuldades de mobilidade reportadas, estavam as limitações para as transferências para o carro (54,54%; n=6) e transferências para superfícies da mesma altura (36,36%; n=4), além de transporte da cadeira de rodas em veículo próprio (63,63%; n=7). Conclusão Os achados demonstram a relevância de intervenções voltadas à promoção da mobilidade funcional em sujeito com lesão medular, com ênfase no ambiente físico e recurso de tecnologia assistiva.

Abstract Introduction Functional mobility is a common aspect involved in spinal cord injured patients, requiring the use of a wheelchair. Although this resource is fundamental in the rehabilitation of these individuals, several aspects related to the physical environment can interfere with the levels of functional mobility. Objective To describe aspects related to functional mobility with a wheelchair in patients with spinal cord injury. Method This is a descriptive study with samples composed of 11 patients with spinal cord injuries from an association of people with disabilities in a medium-sized city of São Paulo State. For data collection, a Spinal Cord Injury Identification Form was used. Data were analyzed through simple descriptive analysis. Results Most of the sample used a motorized wheelchair (63.63%; n = 7) and reported barriers in the home environment (81.81%; n = 9), on the sidewalk (90.90%; n = 10) and in the block of the household (90.90%; n = 10). Despite these barriers, 100% (n = 11) reported independence for mobility at home and 90.90% (n = 10) outside. Among the reported mobility difficulties, there were limitations for transfers to the car (54.54%; n = 6), transfers to surfaces of the same height (36.36%; n = 4), and transportation of the wheelchair in own vehicle (63.63%; n = 7). Conclusion The findings demonstrate the relevance of interventions aimed at promoting functional mobility in individuals with spinal cord injury with an emphasis on the physical environment and assistive technology resources.

Treinamento de habilidades com cadeiras de rodas manuais: uma revisão integrativa da literatura / Training of the manual wheelchair skill: an integrating literature review

Resumo O treinamento de habilidades com cadeiras de rodas é um aspecto fundamental na reabilitação de sujeitos com deficiência, sendo considerado um passo imprescindível nos serviços de prescrição/dispensação de cadeiras de rodas. Este estudo teve por objetivos: (1) realizar o mapeamento das intervenções voltadas ao treinamento de habilidades com cadeiras de rodas manuais disponíveis na literatura dos últimos 10 anos (2008-2018); e (2) identificar os melhores níveis de evidências científicas sobre essa prática. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada na biblioteca virtual Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe de Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e PubMed/MEDLINE, com artigos nas línguas inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa, entre os anos de 2008 e 2018. Foram encontrados sete ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados, todos disponíveis na língua inglesa e a maioria de afiliação canadense. O protocolo do Wheelchair Skills Training Program - WSTP foi o que apresentou o maior número de estudos (n=5), com eficácia comprovada quanto ao desempenho e confiança em habilidades com cadeiras de rodas e alcance de metas de treinamento. Este protocolo também se mostrou eficaz em abordagens individuais e grupais, em contextos de serviços especializados de reabilitação e na comunidade, com público diversificado e tempo de treinamento variável entre duas e 24 horas. Conclui-se que o WSTP demonstrou ser uma estratégia com altos níveis de evidências sobre o treinamento de habilidades com cadeiras de rodas, sendo necessárias novas investigações para avaliar a eficácia dessa prática em aspectos ainda não investigados.

Abstract Wheelchairs skills training is fundamental in the rehabilitation of disabled people and is considered an essential step in wheelchair prescription/dispensing services. The objective of this study was: (1) to map the interventions for manual wheelchairs skills training available in the literature of the last 10 years (2008-2018); and (2) identify the best levels of scientific evidence on this practice. This was an integrative review of the literature in the Virtual Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and in the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe de Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), and PubMed / MEDLINE, with articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese between 2006 and 2018. We found seven randomized controlled trials, all available in the English language and most of Canadian affiliation. The protocol of the Wheelchair Skills Training Program - WSTP presented the largest number of studies (n=4) with proven efficacy and confidence in wheelchair skills and attainment of training goals. This protocol has also proved to be effective in individual and group approaches, in contexts of specialized rehabilitation and community services, with a diversified public and a variable training time between two and 24 hours. It is concluded that WSTP has been shown to be a strategy with high levels of evidence on wheelchair skills training, and further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this practice in aspects not yet investigated.

The use of mobility assistive devices and the functional independence in stroke patients / O uso de dispositivos auxiliares para a mobilidade e a independência funcional em sujeitos com Acidente Vascular Cerebral

Abstract Introduction: Post-stroke limitations may cause problems and lead to dependency in daily activities, which requires the use of mobility assistive devices. Objective: Identify the level of functional independence and the use of mobility assistive devices among men as well as to check the relationship between these variables. Method: It is a descriptive, correlational research using convenience sampling carried at medical centers specialized in physical rehabilitation in a medium size town of São Paulo state. Then, a Data Form of the patient with stroke and the Functional Independence Measure were used. The data were sent to a simple descriptive analysis and biserial test. Results: It showed predominance of stroke subjects dependent for the activities of daily life (63%), and those using mobility assistive devices (66.6%). The devices were wheelchairs (10), shower chairs (9), and canes (7). Moderate positive correlations between the use of mobility device and the motor functional independence (p<0.05 and r=0.617), and the total functional independence (p<0.05 and r=0.590) was also identified. Conclusion: Data demonstrate the possible impact in preventing mobility during daily activities, in particular motor activities among stroke subjects. That increases the need of occupational therapy interventions aiming at the mobility improvement among these subjects.

Resumo Introdução: As limitações pós-AVC podem levar a dependência nas atividades de vida diária e mobilidade, requerendo o uso de dispositivos auxiliares para a mobilidade. Objetivo: Identificar os níveis de independência funcional e o uso de dispositivos auxiliares para a mobilidade entre sujeitos com AVC bem como verificar a presença de correlações entre essas variáveis. Método: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo correlacional com amostra de conveniência, realizado em centros especializados em reabilitação física de uma cidade de médio porte do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, foram aplicados o Formulário de Dados do Sujeito com AVC e a Medida de Independência Funcional. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva simples e teste biserial. Resultados: 66,6% dos participantes faziam uso de dispositivos auxiliares para mobilidade, com maior frequência das cadeiras de rodas (10), cadeiras de banho (9) e bengalas (7). Observaram-se diferentes níveis de independência funcional para as atividades de vida diária entre a amostra, com preeminência de sujeitos dependentes (63%). Também foram identificadas correlações positivas moderadas entre o uso dos dispositivos auxiliares para a mobilidade e a independência funcional motora (p<0,05 e r=0,617) e independência total (p<0,05 e r=0,590). Conclusão: Os dados demonstram possíveis impactos da restrição na mobilidade no desempenho das atividades de vida diária com maior exigência de aspectos motores entre sujeitos com AVC, o que reforça a necessidade de intervenções em terapia ocupacional para a melhora da mobilidade entre esses sujeitos.

Burden and Quality of Life of Family Caregivers of Stroke Patients.

The purpose of this study was to identify the level of burden and quality of life of family caregivers of stroke patients and to investigate the correlation between burden, quality of life (including physical, social, psychological, and environmental domains), age of caregivers, and the care period. A descriptive correlational cross-sectional study was performed, with a convenience sample of family caregivers (n = 30) of stroke patients in São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected using a questionnaire on participants' characteristics, the Zarit Burden Interview Scale (ZBIS), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument. A descriptive analysis was performed, and correlations between variables were analyzed using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The average burden score on the ZBIS was 29.6, representing a moderate burden, and the average overall quality of life score on the WHOQOL-BREF was 62.06%, which indicates moderate quality of life. A significant weak negative correlation was observed between burden and environmental domains (r = -0.470; p =.009), quality of life (r = -0.414; p =.023), and physical domains (r = -0.394; p =.031). No significant correlations were found between burden and quality of life, and variables in the psychological and social domains, age of caregivers, or care period. Caregivers for stroke patients presented with moderate levels of burden and reduction in quality of life. Levels of burden correlated negatively with environmental domains, quality of life levels, and physical domains; however, these correlations were weak, indicating the possible interference of other factors.

Experiência de uma equipe transdisciplinar com servidores em afastamentos por auxílio-doença / Experience of a transdisciplinary team's work along with servers in sick leave

[{"text": "Introdução: Ações voltadas a servidores públicos afastados por auxílio-doença em uma perspectiva\r\ntransdisciplinar se fazem necessárias, todavia são escassos os trabalhos que abordam essa temática no contexto nacional.\r\nObjetivo: Este estudo buscou apresentar um panorama geral do trabalho realizado por uma equipe transdisciplinar,\r\ncomposta por terapeuta ocupacional, psicólogo e assistente social, na avaliação, no acompanhamento e na reinserção\r\nlaboral de servidores públicos estatutários em afastamento por auxílio-doença, de uma cidade de médio porte do\r\ninterior do Estado de São Paulo. Método: Este trabalho consiste em um relato de experiência das ações desenvolvidas\r\npela equipe transdisciplinar, a partir de um estudo documental de 326 processos de auxílio-doença de servidores\r\natendidos pela equipe, com afastamentos entre março de 2014 e janeiro de 2017. Para tanto, foram apresentados\r\nenquanto qualificadores da experiência os dados relativos ao perfil do público atendido, aos afastamentos e aos\r\ndesfechos dos casos após as intervenções da equipe transdisciplinar. Resultados: Observou-se uma redução geral\r\ndo número de afastamentos na autarquia, sobretudo aqueles caracterizados por períodos crônicos, após ações de\r\nreinserção laboral por meio de condições adequadas, bem como prevenção da cronificação de novos casos por meio\r\nde intervenções precoces da equipe transdisciplinar e de parcerias intersetoriais. Conclusão: O artigo traz reflexões\r\nsobre a importância de um trabalho transdisciplinar voltado aos servidores em auxílio-doença, tanto na avaliação\r\nholística da funcionalidade e da incapacidade quanto na preparação para a reinserção laboral, por intermédio de\r\ncondições de trabalho compatíveis com a funcionalidade dos servidores.", "_i": "pt"}, {"text": "Introduction: Actions towards public servers in sick leave in a transdisciplinary perspective are necessary,\r\nhowever such studies are rare in national context. Objective: This study aimed to present an overview of the work done\r\nby a transdisciplinary team, formed by an occupational therapy, a psychotherapist and a social worker, in evaluating,\r\nmonitoring and work reinsertion of public servers during sick leave from a city in São Paulo State. Method: The\r\nwork consists in reporting a transdisciplinary team's experience from a documental study of 326 servers in sick\r\nleave, attended by the team and whose absence of work occurred from March 2014 to January 2017. To this end, as\r\nexperience qualifiers, the presented data was associated to the outlined profile of the attended servers and their period\r\nof absence, to the outcome of the cases after the team's interventions. Results: The number of servers away from work\r\nwas reduced, especially those cases distinguished by chronic periods, after work reinsertion interventions through\r\nadequate conditions, as well as prevention of new chronic cases, by early actions from the transdisciplinary team's\r\nactions and intersetorial work. Conclusion: The article opens the discussion about the importance of a transdisciplinary\r\nwork toward servers in sick leave, not only in a holistic evaluation of the functionality and incapability, but also in the\r\npreparation to job reinsertion by fostering the work conditions compatible to servers functionalities.", "_i": "en"}]

Preocupación a caer: validación de un instrumento de medición en personas mayores chilenas que viven en la comunidad / Fear of falling: validation of a measurement tool in Chilean elderly living in the community

Introducción. La preocupación a caer, con o sin antecedentes de caídas previas, es un factor de riesgo de disminución de la movilidad, de incapacidad, de disminución de la calidad de vida y puede desencadenar la autorrestricción de las actividades, con pérdida de independencia y funcionalidad. Medir la preocupación a caer, con instrumentos validados en población chilena, es una necesidad para detectar a personas mayores en riesgo. En Chile no existen instrumentos validados que midan este fenómeno. El objetivo de este estudio es validar en español la versión acortada del instrumento Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) en personas mayores chilenas que viven en la comunidad. Material y método. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo con 2aplicaciones: una al ingreso y otra a las 4 semanas. El FES-I fue traducido según el método back-translation, evaluado por un panel de expertos y aplicado en 10 personas mayores. Después de la aplicación piloto, se elaboró la versión final, la cual fue aplicada a una muestra de 113 personas mayores. Se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central y dispersión, análisis de confiabilidad y análisis factorial confirmatorio. Resultados. La versión acortada y en español del FES-I mostró buena confiablidad y validez en población chilena de personas mayores. Conclusiones. A futuro se espera que este instrumento sea usado, por clínicos e investigadores, para conocer la magnitud del problema y el impacto que tiene el miedo a caer en las caídas, funcionalidad y calidad de vida de las personas mayores que viven en la comunidad (AU)

Introducción. Fear of falling, with or without previous falls history, is a risk factor for decreased mobility, disability, as well as a decreased quality of life, and can trigger the self-restriction of activities with loss of independence and functionality. Validated tools for measuring the fear of falling in the Chilean population is a needed to detect those at risk. There are currently no validated instruments to measure this phenomenon in Chile. The aim of this study is to validate the Spanish version of the short «Falls Efficacy Scale-International» (FES-I) in an elderly population living in the community in Chile. Material and method. A cross-sectional study was performed using applications at baseline and 4 weeks. The short FES-I was translated using the back-translation method, evaluated by a panel of experts, and piloted in 10 older adults. After the pilot study, the final version was applied to a sample of 113 elderly persons. Data analysis used measures of central tendency, and reliability and confirmatory factor analysis was used. Results. The Spanish version of the short FES-I showed good reliability and validity in an elderly Chilean population. Conclusions. This falls risks measurement tool can be used by clinicians and researchers in order to determine the magnitude of the problem and the impact of fear of falling on falls, functionality, and quality of life of the elderly who live in the community (AU)

[Fear of falling: Validation of a measurement tool in Chilean elderly living in the community]. / Preocupación a caer: validación de un instrumento de medición en personas mayores chilenas que viven en la comunidad.

INTRODUCCIóN: Fear of falling, with or without previous falls history, is a risk factor for decreased mobility, disability, as well as a decreased quality of life, and can trigger the self-restriction of activities with loss of independence and functionality. Validated tools for measuring the fear of falling in the Chilean population is a needed to detect those at risk. There are currently no validated instruments to measure this phenomenon in Chile. The aim of this study is to validate the Spanish version of the short «Falls Efficacy Scale-International¼ (FES-I) in an elderly population living in the community in Chile. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study was performed using applications at baseline and 4 weeks. The short FES-I was translated using the back-translation method, evaluated by a panel of experts, and piloted in 10 older adults. After the pilot study, the final version was applied to a sample of 113 elderly persons. Data analysis used measures of central tendency, and reliability and confirmatory factor analysis was used. RESULTS: The Spanish version of the short FES-I showed good reliability and validity in an elderly Chilean population. CONCLUSIONS: This falls risks measurement tool can be used by clinicians and researchers in order to determine the magnitude of the problem and the impact of fear of falling on falls, functionality, and quality of life of the elderly who live in the community.

Independence and cognition post-stroke and its relationship to burden and quality of life of family caregivers.

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a chronic disease responsible for changes in the functional capacity of the patients. Patient care is usually provided by family caregivers, but with great burden and negative impact on their quality of life. OBJECTIVES: (1) To investigate whether a correlation existed between the levels of independence and cognition in stroke patients and the burden and quality of life of their caregivers; (2) to assess whether periods of injury, rehabilitation and care, and age of the stroke patients interfered with these correlations. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional and correlational study that included 60 participants, of which 30 were post-stroke patients and 30 were their caregivers. The data collection instruments were the Mini Mental State Examination and the Functional Independence Measure for the post-stroke participants, and the Zarit Burden Interview Scale and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF, for the caregivers. The Pearson's product-moment correlation was used for the data analysis. RESULTS: Independence and cognition showed no correlation with the burden and quality of life of the caregivers. We identified a strong positive correlation between independence and cognition (r = 0.882), and a moderate negative correlation between independence and rehabilitation period (r = -0.398) and between burden and quality of life of the caregivers (r = -0.414). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest the need for health interventions aimed not only at stroke patients, but also at their family caregivers, given the association between the burden and the low levels of quality of life of the caregivers.

Aspectos socioculturais e violência em mulheres deprimidas / Sociocultural aspects and violence in depressed women

Analisam-se as relações socioculturais de dez mulheres com diagnóstico de depressão, moradoras de uma região periférica no interior de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados em 2009 através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e foram abordados elementos como: origem, relações de amizade, brincadeiras, escola, lazer, religiosidade, vestimentas, sonhos, entre outros, de acordo com cada fase da vida: infância, adolescência e vida adulta. A partir de referenciais socioculturais, deparou-se com o fenômeno da violência em sua diversidade: psicológica, moral, física, sexual e social apoiado no poder androcentrista. A pesquisa apontou que a vida destas mulheres é permeada de violência desde a infância até a vida adulta. A depressão em mulheres se insere para além de uma doença biologicamente determinada por fatores genéticos, orgânicos e hormonais. Pode ser vista como parte de uma construção sociocultural em contextos específicos, portanto não se trata de uma doença individualizada em um sujeito, mas pode ser fruto de uma sociedade ainda com predomínio androcentrista.(AU)

Sociocultural relations of ten women with depression diagnosis residents of a periphery region in the interior of São Paulo were analyzed. The data were collected in 2009 through semi-structured interviews. Some elements were approached such as: origin, friendship relationship, playing, school, leisure time, religion, clothes, and dreams, among others, according to each life stage: childhood, adolescence and adult life. The use of sociocultural references encountered the phenomenon of violence in all its diversity dimension: psychological, moral, physical, sexual and social power in androcentrista supported. The survey showed that these women's lives is permeated by violence from childhood to adulthood. Depression in women is part of a disease beyond biologically determined by genetic, hormonal and organic. It can be seen as part of a sociocultural construction in specific contexts, so it is not a disease in an individual subject, but may be the result of a society still predominantly androcentrista.(AU)

Se analisan las relaciones socioculturales de diez mujeres con diagnóstico de depresión, residentes de una región periférica en el interior de São Paulo. Los datos fueron recogidos en 2009 por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Fueron abordados temas como: orígen, relaciones de amistad, juguetes, escuela, recreación, religiosidad, prendas de vestir, sueños, entre otros, según cada fase de la vida: niñez, juventud y la vida adulta. El uso de referencias socioculturales se encontró con el fenómeno de la violencia en toda su dimensión de la diversidad: psicológica, moral, fuerza física, sexual y social en apoyo androcentrista. La encuesta mostró que la vida de estas mujeres está impregnada por la violencia desde la infancia hasta la edad adulta. La depresión en mujeres es parte de una enfermedad más allá biológicamente determinado por genética, hormonal y orgánicos. Puede ser visto como parte de una construcción sociocultural en contextos específicos, por lo que no es una enfermedad en un sujeto individual, pero puede ser el resultado de una sociedad todavía predominantemente androcentrista.(AU)

Cephalometric outcomes of orthognathic surgery in hemifacial microsomia.

Hemifacial microsomia is a hypoplastic disorder of the first and second branchial arches that significantly impacts on the development of the jaws, leading to malocclusion and facial asymmetry. There is little in the literature regarding the application of orthodontic/orthognathic approaches to the correction of these deformities and the stability of the surgical results. To address this, a retrospective chart review of 10 patients with complete orthodontic records and greater than 1 year of follow-up was performed. Posteroanterior cephalograms were assessed by modified Grummons analysis to determine mandibular offset (deviation of the chin point from the skeletal midline) and occlusal cant. These measurements were performed at 3 time points (T1: preoperative, T2: immediate postoperative, T3: follow-up) to elucidate the surgical movement (T2-T1), the postoperative relapse (T3-T2), and the net gain movement (T3-T1). Maxillary movements were quantified, and the occlusal cant was expressed as a ratio between vertical heights of the maxilla at the first molar on each side. One sample t test demonstrated statistically significant surgical movement and net gain. Relapse was statistically insignificant. Repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated similar results for chin point position relative to the putative midline. Our results suggest that a combined orthodontic/orthognathic approach at skeletal maturity delivers improved occlusal outcomes in the long term as assessed by chin point deviation and occlusal cant, but secondary surgery rates are higher than those for orthognathic surgery in other patient groups. We advocate limiting surgery to skeletal maturity whenever possible to achieve stable long-term results while limiting morbidity and number of procedures.