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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(10): 1485-1494, oct. 2021. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389376

RESUMO

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Chile has implemented numerous successful food and nutrition initiatives since the early 20th century, aiming to address malnutrition in all its forms. AIM: To summarize the major nutrition and food-related policies, strategies, and programs implemented in Chile, using the NOURI-SHING Framework. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The NOURISHING framework proposes a methodology for reporting, monitoring, and categorizing actions to promote healthier eating in three main domains: food environment, food system and behavior change communication. The data collection was carried out reviewing the databases of the Chilean Ministries of Health, Education and Social Development, and the Parliament. Information about nutrition related public health policies, strategies or programs was obtained from peer reviewed articles, official reports, official State websites, as well as interviews with former and current stakeholders. RESULTS: Chile has mandatory nutritional labeling that was updated to front-of-package warning labels about critical nutrients. In addition, the advertising of unhealthy foods and breast milk substitutes is restricted, among other food and nutrition policies. Nevertheless, strategies related to mass and social media communication campaigns, or periodic education and information interventions still need to be implemented. CONCLUSIONS: Using the NOURISHING framework, a comprehensive summary and description of nutrition and food public health policies implemented in Chile is described. An overview of the policy changes required according to the nutritional needs of the population and the nutritional transition in Chile is provided.


ANTECEDENTES: Chile ha implementado numerosas iniciativas sobre nutrición y alimentación desde el comienzo del siglo 20, para combatir la malnutrición en todas sus formas. OBJETIVO: Recopilar las principales políticas y programas sobre nutrición y alimentación implementados en Chile utilizando la estructura NOURISHING. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: La estructura NOURISHING propone un método para informar, monitorear y categorizar las acciones destinadas hacia una alimentación más saludable en tres dominios: ambiente nutricional, sistemas de alimentación y comunicación para lograr cambios de comportamiento. Se recolectó información desde bases de datos de los Ministerios de Salud, Educación y Desarrollo Social y del Congreso. La información acerca de políticas, programas o estrategias de salud pública se obtuvo de artículos revisados por pares, informes oficiales, sitios de internet del Estado y de entrevistas con quienes están o estuvieron involucrados en estos programas. RESULTADOS: Dentro de las políticas de nutrición y alimentos en Chile, se destaca el sistema obligatorio de etiquetado nutricional que ha evolucionado hacia la incorporación de advertencias en envases de alimentos señalando la presencia de nutrientes críticos. En Chile también se ha restringido la publicidad de alimentos no saludables y sustitutos de leche materna, entre otras políticas. Sin embargo, aún falta implementar campañas de comunicación y educación masiva sobre nutrición y alimentación saludable. CONCLUSIONES: Utilizando la estructura NOURISHING entregamos un resumen y descripción de los programas de nutrición y alimentación implementados en Chile en las últimas décadas. Se entrega una visión general de los cambios requeridos de acuerdo con las necesidades de la población y la transición nutricional que se ha experimentado.


Assuntos
Humanos , Estado Nutricional , Política Nutricional , Chile , Alimentos , Política de Saúde
2.
Rev Med Chil ; 149(10): 1485-1494, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35319638

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chile has implemented numerous successful food and nutrition initiatives since the early 20th century, aiming to address malnutrition in all its forms. AIM: To summarize the major nutrition and food-related policies, strategies, and programs implemented in Chile, using the NOURI-SHING Framework. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The NOURISHING framework proposes a methodology for reporting, monitoring, and categorizing actions to promote healthier eating in three main domains: food environment, food system and behavior change communication. The data collection was carried out reviewing the databases of the Chilean Ministries of Health, Education and Social Development, and the Parliament. Information about nutrition related public health policies, strategies or programs was obtained from peer reviewed articles, official reports, official State websites, as well as interviews with former and current stakeholders. RESULTS: Chile has mandatory nutritional labeling that was updated to front-of-package warning labels about critical nutrients. In addition, the advertising of unhealthy foods and breast milk substitutes is restricted, among other food and nutrition policies. Nevertheless, strategies related to mass and social media communication campaigns, or periodic education and information interventions still need to be implemented. CONCLUSIONS: Using the NOURISHING framework, a comprehensive summary and description of nutrition and food public health policies implemented in Chile is described. An overview of the policy changes required according to the nutritional needs of the population and the nutritional transition in Chile is provided.


Assuntos
Política Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Chile , Alimentos , Política de Saúde , Humanos
3.
Rev. esp. nutr. comunitaria ; 25(2): 0-0, abr.-jun. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-191441

RESUMO

FUNDAMENTOS: El ingreso económico es un determinante clave en la elección de alimentos. El objetivo fue determinar el cambio en la intención de compra de porciones de alimentos cuando el presupuesto aumenta en un entorno de compra simulado. MÉTODOS: Estudio de intervención no aleatorizado en 70 adultos de 18 a 70 años responsables de las compras en el hogar. Se realizaron 2 compras no consecutivas de alimentos, en un supermercado online. Para cada compra se asignó un monto de dinero, primero de 87.220 CLP (134,2 USD) y segundo de 235.400 CLP (362,2 USD). Los participantes fueron clasificados según años de escolaridad. Los alimentos comprados se transformaron en porciones de consumo. RESULTADOS: La edad promedio fue de 42,1 +/- 13,5 años. Aquellos con ≤12 años de escolaridad aumentan la mediana de consumo de frutas y verduras en 1,7 porciones/día; de alimentos ricos en azúcares (ARA) 2,9 porciones/día y legumbres 2,1 porciones/semana cuando aumenta el presupuesto destinado a la compra, en comparación con los de mayor escolaridad que aumentan a 1,4 porciones / día de frutas y verduras; 2,2 porciones/día de ARA. Los participantes con mayor escolaridad tienen elecciones alimentarias más saludables con el monto 1 en comparación con los de menor escolaridad. CONCLUSIONES: Cuando aumenta el presupuesto para comprar alimentos, las familias tienden a elegir más alimentos saludables, independientemente del nivel educacional


BACKGROUND: The economic income is a key determinant the choice of food. The objective was to determine the change in intention to purchase food portions when the budget increases in a simulated purchase environment. METHODS: A non-randomized intervention study was conducted on 70 adults aged 18-70 years responsible for home purchases. Two non-consecutive purchases of food were made in an online supermarket. For each purchase, an amount of money was allocated, the first of CH $ 87,220 (USD $ 134.2) and the second of CH $ 235,400 (USD $ 362.2). The participants were classified according to years of schooling. The purchased foods were transformed into consumption portions. RESULTS:The mean age was 42.1 +/- 13.5 years. In those ≤12 years of schooling increase the median consumption of fruits and vegetables by 1.7 servings / day; of foods rich in sugars (ARA) 2.9 servings / day and legumes 2.1 servings / week when the budget allocated to the purchase increases, compared to those with higher schooling that increase to 1.4 servings / day of fruits and vegetables; 2.2 servings / day of ARA. Participants with higher education have healthier food choices with the amount 1 compared to those with less education. CONCLUSIONS: Families when they have a higher income tend to choose a greater amount of foods considered healthy, regardless of the educational level


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Intenção , Tamanho da Porção/estatística & dados numéricos , Preferências Alimentares/classificação , Comportamento de Escolha/classificação , Comportamento Alimentar/classificação , Aquisição Baseada em Valor/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento do Consumidor/estatística & dados numéricos , Dieta Saudável/estatística & dados numéricos , Escolaridade
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