The analyst's presence: place and function of the body of the psychoanalyst in different contexts of action / A presença do analista: lugar e função do corpo do psicanalista em diferentes contextos de atuação

RESUMO: Com base nas propostas de Freud e Lacan, visamos tratar do lugar e da função do corpo do analista como condições para a sustentação da clínica. Para isso, destacamos quatro diferentes contextos de atuação: o consultório; o trabalho nos dispositivos das redes de saúde e assistência psicossocial; o acompanhamento terapêutico e atendimentos online. Pensando a clínica psicanalítica em termos de tática, estratégia e política, encontramos que o ato analítico seria norteado pela ética da psicanálise e assegurado na sustentação da posição do analista enquanto presença - ponto de convergência que permite a inserção do psicanalista nos campos de atuação citados.

Abstract: Based on the propositions of Freud and Lacan, we aim to approach the place and function of the analyst's body as conditions for the sustenance of the clinic. For this, we highlight four different work contexts: the clinic; public healthcare networks and psychosocial care; therapeutic accompaniment and online treatment. Thinking the psychoanalytic clinic in terms of tactic, strategy and politics, we found that the analytical act to be guided by the ethics of psychoanalysis and ensured in sustenance of the position of the analyst as a presence - a point of convergence that allows the insertion of the psychoanalyst in the aforementioned work contexts.

Convalescent Plasma in COVID-19. Mortality-Safety First Results of the Prospective Multicenter FALP 001-2020 Trial

BackgroundThe use of convalescent plasma (CP) to treat COVID-19 has shown promising results; however, its effectiveness remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and mortality of CP among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Study Design and MethodsThis multicenter, open-label, uncontrolled clinical trial is currently being conducted at nine hospitals in Chile. Patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 who were still within 14 days since symptom onset were classified into four groups: Patients with cancer and severe COVID-19. Patients with cancer and non-severe COVID-19. Patients with severe COVID-19 and patients with non-severe COVID-19 only. The intervention involved two 200-cc. CP transfusions with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers [≥] 1:320 collected from COVID-19-recovered donors. Results192 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 received CP transfusions. At the first transfusion, 90.6% fulfilled the criteria for severity, and 41.1% required mechanical ventilation. 11.5% of the patients had cancer. Overall 7-day and 30-day mortality since the first CP transfusion was 5.7% and 16.1% respectively. There were no differences at either time point in mortality between the four groups. Patients on mechanical ventilation when receiving CP had higher mortality rates than those who were not (22.8% vs. 11.5%; p = 0.037). Overall 30-day mortality was higher in patients over 65 than in younger patients (p = 0.019). Severe adverse events were reported in four patients (2.1%) with an overall transfusion-related lung injury rate of 1.56%. No CP-related deaths occurred. DiscussionCP is safe when used in patients with COVID-19 even when also presenting severity criteria or risk factors. Our mortality rate is comparable to reports from larger studies. Controlled clinical trials are required to determine efficacy. RegistrationNCT04384588

Quando há cartel? / When is there cartel? / ¿Cuando hay cartel? / Quand il y a cartel ?

Ao fundar a Escola Francesa de Psicanálise, Lacan propõe que, no cerne da Escola, estariam duas formas peculiares de experimentar e transmitir a experiência psicanalítica: o passe e o cartel. Este artigo tem por objetivo levantar impasses do dispositivo do cartel a partir de uma experiência de dissolução; para isso, levanta três elementos — forma, tempo e espaço — para a problematização do dispositivo no que tange a seu caráter inédito e potente para a formação dos analistas. (AU)

When Jacques Lacan founded the French School of Psychoanalysis, he proposed that at the center of the School two peculiar ways of experiencing and transmitting the psychoanalytic experience would exist: the pass and the cartel. This article aims to discuss some impasses of the cartel device from an experience of dissolution; for this, it raises three elements — form, time and space — to problematize this type of device when it comes to its unprecedented and potent character for the education as an analyst. (AU)

Al fundar la Escuela Francesa de Psicoanálisis, Jacques Lacan propone que en el corazón de la Escuela estarían dos formas peculiares de experimentar y transmitir la experiencia psicoanalítica: el pase y el cartel. Este artículo tiene por objetivoenumerar impasses del dispositivo del cártel a partir de una experiencia de disolución; para eso, discute tres elementos — forma, tiempo y espacio — para la problematización del dispositivo en relación a su carácter inédito y potente para la formación de los analistas. (AU)

Lorsqu’il fonde l’École Française de Psychanalyse, Jacques Lacan propose qu’il y ait, dans son sein, deux manières particulières d’expérimenter et de transmettre l’expérience psychanalytique : la passe et le cartel. Ainsi, cet article a pour but de poser les impasses du dispositif du cartel à partir d’une expérience de dissolution ; pour y arriver, trois éléments — la forme, le temps et l’espace — sont étudiés, ayant en compte la problématisation du dispositif par rapport à son caractère inédit et puissant quant à la formation des analystes. (AU)

Constant light during lactation programs circadian and metabolic systems.

Exposure to light at night is a disruptive condition for the adult circadian system, leading to arrhythmicity in nocturnal rodents. Circadian disruption is a risk factor for developing physiological and behavioral alterations, including weight gain and metabolic disease. During early stages of development, the circadian system undergoes a critical period of adjustment, and it is especially vulnerable to altered lighting conditions that may program its function, leading to long-term effects. We hypothesized that during lactation a disrupted light-dark cycle due to light at night may disrupt the circadian system and in the long term induce metabolic disorders. Here we explored in pups, short- and long-term effects of constant light (LL) during lactation. In the short term, LL caused a loss of rhythmicity and a reduction in the immunopositive cells of VIP, AVP, and PER1 in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). In the short term, the affection on the circadian clock in the pups resulted in body weight gain, loss of daily rhythms in general activity, plasma glucose and triglycerides (TG). Importantly, the DD conditions during development also induced altered daily rhythms in general activity and in the SCN. Exposure to LD conditions after lactation did not restore rhythmicity in the SCN, and the number of immunopositve cells to VIP, AVP, and PER1 remained reduced. In the long term, daily rhythmicity in general activity was restored; however, daily rhythms in glucose and TG remained disrupted, and daily mean levels of TG were significantly increased. Present results point out the programming role played by the LD cycle during early development in the function of the circadian system and on metabolism. This study points out the risk represented by exposure to an altered light-dark cycle during early stages of development. ABBREVIATIONS: AVP: arginine vasopressin peptide; CRY: cryptochrome; DD: constant darkness; DM: dorsomedial; LD: light-dark cycle; LL: constant light; NICUs: neonatal intensive care units; P: postnatal days; PER: period; S.E.M.: standard error of the mean; SCN: suprachiasmatic nucleus; TG: triglycerides; VIP: vasointestinal peptide; VL: ventrolateral; ZT: zeitgeber time.

Generation of Trichoderma atroviride mutants with constitutively activated G protein signaling by using geneticin resistance as selection marker.

BACKGROUND: Species of the fungal genus Trichoderma are important industrial producers of cellulases and hemicellulases, but also widely used as biocontrol agents (BCAs) in agriculture. In the latter function Trichoderma species stimulate plant growth, induce plant defense and directly antagonize plant pathogenic fungi through their mycoparasitic capabilities. The recent release of the genome sequences of four mycoparasitic Trichoderma species now forms the basis for large-scale genetic manipulations of these important BCAs. Thus far, only a limited number of dominant selection markers, including Hygromycin B resistance (hph) and the acetamidase-encoding amdS gene, have been available for transformation of Trichoderma spp. For more extensive functional genomics studies the utilization of additional dominant markers will be essential. RESULTS: We established the Escherichia coli neomycin phosphotransferase II-encoding nptII gene as a novel selectable marker for the transformation of Trichoderma atroviride conferring geneticin resistance. The nptII marker cassette was stably integrated into the fungal genome and transformants exhibited unaltered phenotypes compared to the wild-type. Co-transformation of T. atroviride with nptII and a constitutively activated version of the Gα subunit-encoding tga3 gene (tga3Q207L) resulted in a high number of mitotically stable, geneticin-resistant transformants. Further analyses revealed a co-transformation frequency of 68% with 15 transformants having additionally integrated tga3Q207L into their genome. Constitutive activation of the Tga3-mediated signaling pathway resulted in increased vegetative growth and an enhanced ability to antagonize plant pathogenic host fungi. CONCLUSION: The neomycin phosphotransferase II-encoding nptII gene from Escherichia coli proved to be a valuable tool for conferring geneticin resistance to the filamentous fungus T. atroviride thereby contributing to an enhanced genetic tractability of these important BCAs.