Perfil epidemiológico dos idosos com Alzheimer atendidos no ambulatório de geriatria da UNESC nos anos de 2016 e 2017 / Epidemiological profile of elderly patients with Alzheimer treated at the geriatrics outpatient clinic of UNESC in 2016 and 2017

RESUMO Introdução: A expectativa de vida da população mundial vem aumentando consideravelmente, consequentemente elevando também o número de doenças ligadas a senilidade. Dentre elas destacam-se as demências tendo como principal representante a Doença de Alzheimer (DA), causando elevados custos financeiros, sociais e emocionais dos cuidadores e familiares. Devido a isso, é importante traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com DA no ambulatório de geriatria, para possíveis intervenções nos seus fatores de risco, na tentativa de postergar o início da sintomatologia ou retardar a sua progressão. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo, com coleta de dados secundários e abordagem quantitativa. Mediante prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados com DA atendidos no ambulatório de geriatria da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC) nos anos de 2016 e 2017. Resultados: Foram incluídos 20 pacientes, com predomínio do sexo feminino (75%), prevalecendo pacientes com idade no intervalo entre 66 e 70 anos (35%), possuindo ensino fundamental incompleto (70%). A maioria sedentária (75%), com consequente sobrepeso (55%) e algum grau de obesidade (40%). Quando avaliado as comorbidades prevalentes, houve predomínio de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (75%), depressão (45%) e diabetes mellitus tipo 2 ( 35%). Realizam algum tratamento para a DA (35%), porém as comorbidades concomitantes a DA estão em tratamento (80%). Conclusão: Perfil geral dos pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de geriatria da UNESC com DA na região de Criciúma são mulheres com idade entre 65-75 anos, com ensino fundamental incompleto, sedentárias, com sobrepeso, apresentando alguma comorbidade concomitante em tratamento adequado e poucos em tratamento específico para Alzheimer. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Alzheimer, perfil epidemiológico, fatores de risco

ABSTRACT Introduction: The life expectancy of the world population has been increasing considerably, consequently also increasing the number of senility-linked diseases. Among these, dementias stand out, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) as its main representative, causing high financial, social and emotional costs for caregivers and family members. Thus, it is important to determine the epidemiological profile of patients with AD in the geriatric outpatient clinic for possible interventions in their risk factors, in an attempt to delay symptoms onset or slow down disease progression. Methods: A retrospective observational study, with secondary data collection and a quantitative approach. Through medical records of patients diagnosed with AD treated at the geriatric outpatient clinic of Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC) in 2016 and 2017. Results: Twenty patients were included, predominantly female (75%), mostly in the interval between 66 and 70 years (35%) of age, with incomplete primary education (70%). Most were sedentary (75%), with consequent overweight (55%) and some degree of obesity (40%). Prevalent comorbidities analysis showed a predominance of systemic arterial hypertension (75%), depression (45%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (35%). They perform some treatment for AD (35%), but comorbidities concomitant with AD are under treatment (80%). Conclusion: General profile of patients treated at the UNESC geriatrics outpatient clinic with AD in the Criciúma region are sedentary overweight women aged between 65-75 years, with incomplete primary education and some concomitant comorbidity in adequate treatment, and few in Alzheimer's specific treatment. KEYWORDS: Alzheimer's disease, epidemiological profile, risk factors

Concerted transcription of auxin and carbohydrate homeostasis-related genes underlies improved adventitious rooting of microcuttings derived from far-red treated Eucalyptus globulus Labill mother plants.

Economically important plant species, such as Eucalyptus globulus, are often rooting recalcitrant. We have previously shown that far-red light enrichment applied to E. globulus donor-plants improved microcutting rooting competence and increased rooting zone/shoot carbohydrate ratio. To better understand this developmental response, the relative expression profiles of genes involved in auxin signaling (ARF6, ARF8, AGO1), biosynthesis (YUC3) and transport (AUX1, PIN1, PIN2); sucrose cleavage (SUS1, CWINV1), transport (SUC5), hexose phosphorylation (HXK1, FLN1) and starch biosynthesis (SS3) were quantified during adventitious rooting of E. globulus microcuttings derived from donor plants exposed to far-red or white light. Expression of auxin transport-related genes increased in the first days of root induction. Far-red enrichment of donor plants induced ARF6, ARF8 and AGO1 in microcuttings. The first two gene products could activate GH3 and other rooting related genes, whereas AGO1 deregulation of the repressor ARF17 may relief rooting inhibition. Increased sink strength at the basal stem with sucrose unloading in root tissue mediated by SUC and subsequent hydrolysis by SUS1 were also supported by gene expression profile. Fructose phosphorylation and starch biosynthesis could also contribute to proper carbon allocation at the site of rooting, as evidenced by increased expression of related genes. These data are in good agreement with increased contents of hexoses and starch at the cutting base severed from far-red exposed donor plants. To sum up, pathways integrating auxin and carbohydrate metabolism were activated in microcuttings derived from donor plants exposed to far red light enrichment, thereby improving rooting response in E. globulus.