Effects of combat sports on cognitive function in older people: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: This systematic review aimed to analyze the available body of published peer-reviewed studies on the effects of combat sports compared with active/passive control on cognitive function and electrophysiological markers of brain activity in older people. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: The studies were searched in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases from deadline to June 2023. The PRISMA, TESTEX, RoB, and GRADE scales assessed the evidence's methodological quality and certainty of evidence. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42022361695). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: After reviewing 3768 studies, seven combat sports interventions (score ≥60% in methodological quality) were selected, composed of 381 older people (63% female), with a mean age of 66 years. In the selected studies, interventions based on judo, karate, and taekwondo were carried out, where it was not possible to verify the benefits of combat sports in cognitive function and electrophysiological markers of brain activity regarding active/passive control groups, although the individual results of the analyzed studies indicate that the practice of combat sports favor selective attention, divided attention, executive function, visual perception, and cognitive processing speed in older people. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence does not allow a definite recommendation regarding combat sports as an effective cognitive function intervention in older people.

Bioengineering of biowaste to recover bioproducts and bioenergy: A circular economy approach towards sustainable zero-waste environment.

The inevitable need for waste valorisation and management has revolutionized the way in which the waste is visualised as a potential biorefinery for various product development rather than offensive trash. Biowaste has emerged as a potential feedstock to produce several value-added products. Bioenergy generation is one of the potential applications originating from the valorisation of biowaste. Bioenergy production requires analysis and optimization of various parameters such as biowaste composition and conversion potential to develop innovative and sustainable technologies for most effective utilization of biowaste with enhanced bioenergy production. In this context, feedstocks, such as food, agriculture, beverage, and municipal solid waste act as promising resources to produce renewable energy. Similarly, the concept of microbial fuel cells employing biowaste has clearly gained research focus in the past few decades. Despite of these potential benefits, the area of bioenergy generation still is in infancy and requires more interdisciplinary research to be sustainable alternatives. This review is aimed at analysing the bioconversion potential of biowaste to renewable energy. The possibility of valorising underutilized biowaste substrates is elaborately presented. In addition, the application and efficiency of microbial fuel cells in utilizing biowaste are described in detail taking into consideration of its great scope. Furthermore, the review addresses the significance bioreactor development for energy production along with major challenges and future prospects in bioenergy production. Based on this review it can be concluded that bioenergy production utilizing biowaste can clearly open new avenues in the field of waste valorisation and energy research. Systematic and strategic developments considering the techno economic feasibilities of this excellent energy generation process will make them a true sustainable alternative for conventional energy sources.

Signos útiles para identificar el surco central en resonancia magnética / Useful signs to identification of the Central Sulcus in MRI

Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de observación de los signos descriptivos en neuroimágenes para la localización del surco central. Material y método: se emplearon imágenes por resonancia magnética (IRM) de 60 pacientes adultos (18 a 83 años), de ambos sexos (34 mujeres y 26 varones) con cerebros normales, en cortes axiales rostralesponderadas en secuencias T1 y T2, realzadas en resonador Phillips 1.5 Tesla. En las IRM se buscaron los siguientes signos: la unión surco frontal superior con el surco precentral, el signo del omega invertido, la impronta de la rama marginal del surco del cíngulo en la convexidad (“pars Bracket”), el surco post central que se bifurca en su porción superior, el giro post central más fino que el giro precentral, la unión surco intraparietal con el surco post central y el surco central que alcanza la línea media. Se determino su frecuencia. Resultados: el surco frontal superior se une con el surco precentral en 95%. El signo del omega invertido se evidencia en 96.66% de los casos. El signo de “pars Bracket” esta presente en 95% de las observaciones. El surco post central es bífido en 65%. El giro post central es más estrecho que el giro precentral en 98.33%. El surco intraparietal intercepta con el post central en 83.33%. El surco central alcanza la línea media en 86.66% de las observaciones. Conclusión: los signos descriptos tienen una alta frecuencia de presentación, encontrándose en promedio en 89.28% de las URM observadas...

Malformación de Chiari y siringomielia: experiencia 2000-2008 / Chiari malformation and syringomyelia: experience 2000-2008

Objetive: to describe the postoperative outcome of patients with Chiari malformation (CM) and/or syringomyelia (SM). Methods: the clinical records of patients with CM and SM, treated from 2000 to 2008, were retrospectively reviewed. Data about sex, age, previous history, admission symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), treatment modalities, outcome (Odom´s sacale) and postoperative complications were collected. Results: we treated 17 patients (1 male, 16 women); mean age: 39 years old (10-66). The admission symptoms were: pain in 11 cases, cerebellum/brain stem in 4 cases and spinal cord in 14 cases. Diagnosis was made by MRI: CM type I with SM 9 cases, CM I without SM 6 cases, CM type II with SM 1 case and idiopathic SM 1 case. MC II had myelomeningocele and ventricular shunting surgery at 3 months old. In 15 cases we performed a suboccipital craniectomy with duraplasty and C1 posterior arch resection (n:12) or C1-C2 posterior arch resection (n:3). One case had surgery al another institution and 1 case was not operated because symptoms did not progressed. SM persisted in 4 of the operated cases; in 3 of them a syringopleural shunting (SPS) was performed. In the idiopathic SM a SPS was also performed, but it became obstructed 3 months later. Complications were: meningitis 1 case, CSF fistula 1 case and meningitis + CSF fistula 1 case. In CM outcome after 1 year was: excellent-good in 13 cases, fair in 1 case and poor in 2 cases. Conclusion: in patients with CM and/or SM, postoperative clinical outcome was excellent-good in 13/16 cases.

Malformación de Chiari y siringomielia: experiencia 2000-2008 / Chiari malformation and syringomyelia: experience 2000-2008

Objetive: to describe the postoperative outcome of patients with Chiari malformation (CM) and/or syringomyelia (SM). Methods: the clinical records of patients with CM and SM, treated from 2000 to 2008, were retrospectively reviewed. Data about sex, age, previous history, admission symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), treatment modalities, outcome (Odom´s sacale) and postoperative complications were collected. Results: we treated 17 patients (1 male, 16 women); mean age: 39 years old (10-66). The admission symptoms were: pain in 11 cases, cerebellum/brain stem in 4 cases and spinal cord in 14 cases. Diagnosis was made by MRI: CM type I with SM 9 cases, CM I without SM 6 cases, CM type II with SM 1 case and idiopathic SM 1 case. MC II had myelomeningocele and ventricular shunting surgery at 3 months old. In 15 cases we performed a suboccipital craniectomy with duraplasty and C1 posterior arch resection (n:12) or C1-C2 posterior arch resection (n:3). One case had surgery al another institution and 1 case was not operated because symptoms did not progressed. SM persisted in 4 of the operated cases; in 3 of them a syringopleural shunting (SPS) was performed. In the idiopathic SM a SPS was also performed, but it became obstructed 3 months later. Complications were: meningitis 1 case, CSF fistula 1 case and meningitis + CSF fistula 1 case. In CM outcome after 1 year was: excellent-good in 13 cases, fair in 1 case and poor in 2 cases. Conclusion: in patients with CM and/or SM, postoperative clinical outcome was excellent-good in 13/16 cases.(AU)

Planeamiento neuroquirúrgico informático: resultados con su utilización / Informatic neurosurgical planning: use and results

Objetivo: describir los resultados obtenidos con el método de planeamiento neuroquirúrgico informático en un grupo de pacientes con patología intracraneala. Método: se operaron 10 pacientes (7 varones y 3 mujeres, edad media 60,2 años) con lesiones intracranealas (1 absceso, 5 tumores intraxiales y 4 tumores extraxiales). Se obtuvieron imágenes de TAC y/o IRM en formato DICOM, siendo luego procesadas con un software (MRIcro V1.40) generando reconstrucciones tridimensionales de la cabeza de los pacientes. Se definieron áreas de interés intracranealas, proyectándolas hacia la superficie. Se fusionó la reconstrucción con una fotografía del paciente, permitiendo planear el sitio más indicado para la incisión y craneotomía. En las lesiones que no poseían expresión cortical se combinó con la estereotaxia. Resultados: en todos los casos, las incisiones y craneotomías fueron adecuadas para alcanzar los blancos quirúrgicos. Al comparar este método con el estereotáctico, se observó coincidencia en el planeamiento del abordaje. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron sin déficit neurológico postoperatorio nuevo o agregado. Conclusión: el planeamiento neuroquirúrgico informático permitió ubicar adecuadamente las lesiones intracranealas en forma sencilla y con un bajo costo.

Planeamiento neuroquirúrgico informático: resultados con su utilización / Informatic neurosurgical planning: use and results

Objetivo: describir los resultados obtenidos con el método de planeamiento neuroquirúrgico informático en un grupo de pacientes con patología intracraneala. Método: se operaron 10 pacientes (7 varones y 3 mujeres, edad media 60,2 años) con lesiones intracranealas (1 absceso, 5 tumores intraxiales y 4 tumores extraxiales). Se obtuvieron imágenes de TAC y/o IRM en formato DICOM, siendo luego procesadas con un software (MRIcro V1.40) generando reconstrucciones tridimensionales de la cabeza de los pacientes. Se definieron áreas de interés intracranealas, proyectándolas hacia la superficie. Se fusionó la reconstrucción con una fotografía del paciente, permitiendo planear el sitio más indicado para la incisión y craneotomía. En las lesiones que no poseían expresión cortical se combinó con la estereotaxia. Resultados: en todos los casos, las incisiones y craneotomías fueron adecuadas para alcanzar los blancos quirúrgicos. Al comparar este método con el estereotáctico, se observó coincidencia en el planeamiento del abordaje. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron sin déficit neurológico postoperatorio nuevo o agregado. Conclusión: el planeamiento neuroquirúrgico informático permitió ubicar adecuadamente las lesiones intracranealas en forma sencilla y con un bajo costo.(AU)

Reoperaciones en patología degenerativa cervical / Reoperations un degenerative cervical pathology

Objetivo. Analizar los resultados obtenidos en los casos de reoperaciones en patología degenerativa de la columna cervical. Método. Se revisaron restrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 14 casos (6 varones - 8 mujeres / edad media 55,70 años) de repoeraciones cervicales (10 derivados - 4 propios) por patología degenerativa entre los años 2000-2005. La primera cirugía fue: discectomía anterior con injerto autólogo (1 caso) y placa (3 casos), laminoplastía expansiva (5 casos), corpectomía anterior con injerto autólogo y placa (3 casos), laminectomía (1 caso) y microforaminotomía posterior (1 caso). El diagnóstico previo a la segunda cirugía fue: pseudoartrosis (1 caso) y luxación de placa (1 caso), compresión mecánica (10 casos), osteomielitis (1 caso) e inestabilidad (1 caso). Se decidió reoperarlos por estar sintomáticos. En el postoperatorio fueron evaluados con las escalas de Odom o Zeidman-Ducker a los 3 meses. Resultados. Las reoperaciones se realizaron entre 3 y 36 meses después de la primera cirugía: curetaje, injerto y placa (1 caso), recolocación (1 caso) y extracción de placa (1 caso), curetaje y laminectomía (1 caso), osteosíntesis posterior (1 caso), corpectomía (1 caso) y laminoplastía expansiva (8 casos). En 5/6 casos evaluados con la escala de Odom la evolución fue excelente y el 5/8 casos evaluados con la escala de Zeidman-Ducker su mielopatía mejoró 1 grado. Los que no mejoraron fue por la presencia de comorbilidades o daño medular permanente. Conclusión. En los casos de patología cervical degenerativa, la reoperación tuvo buenos resultados evolutivos en el 71 de los casos. Palabras clave: columna cervical, discectomía anterior, laminoplastía expansiva, reoperaciones.

Objective: To analize the outcome of cervical spine reoperations in cases with degenerative pathology. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 14 cases (6 males - 8 female / median age 55.70 years-old) of cervical spine reoperations (10 referrals - 4 of our own) with degenerative pathology during the years 2000-2005. The first surgery was: anterior discectomy with autologous graft (1 case) and plate (3 cases), expansive laminoplasty (5 cases), anterior corpectomy with autologous graft and plate (3 cases), laminectomy (1 case) and posterior microforaminotomy (1 case). The diagnosis previous to the second surgery was: pseudarthrosis (1 case) and plate luxation (1 case), mechanical compression (10 cases), osteomyelitis (1 case) and instability (1 case). they were reoperated beacause they were symptomatic. Postoperative outcome was evaluated according to Odom or Zeidman-Ducker scales at 3 months. Results: Reoperations were performed between 3 and 36 months after the first surgery: curetage, graft and plate (1 case), replating (1 case) and plate extraction (1 case), curetage and laminectomy (1 case), posterior fixation (1 case), corpectomy (1 case) and expansive laminoplasty (8 cases). In 5/6 cases, evaluated with the Odom scale the outcome was excellent and 5/8 cases evaluated with the Zeidman-Ducker scale mielopathy improved 1 grade. Those who did not improve had co-morbidities or permanent cerival myelopathy. Conclusions: In these cases presented with cervical degenerative pathology, reoperation has a good outcome in 71 of them. Key words: anterior descectomy - cervical spine - expansive laminoplasty - reoperations.

Reoperaciones en patología degenerativa cervical / Reoperations un degenerative cervical pathology

Objetivo. Analizar los resultados obtenidos en los casos de reoperaciones en patología degenerativa de la columna cervical. Método. Se revisaron restrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 14 casos (6 varones - 8 mujeres / edad media 55,70 años) de repoeraciones cervicales (10 derivados - 4 propios) por patología degenerativa entre los años 2000-2005. La primera cirugía fue: discectomía anterior con injerto autólogo (1 caso) y placa (3 casos), laminoplastía expansiva (5 casos), corpectomía anterior con injerto autólogo y placa (3 casos), laminectomía (1 caso) y microforaminotomía posterior (1 caso). El diagnóstico previo a la segunda cirugía fue: pseudoartrosis (1 caso) y luxación de placa (1 caso), compresión mecánica (10 casos), osteomielitis (1 caso) e inestabilidad (1 caso). Se decidió reoperarlos por estar sintomáticos. En el postoperatorio fueron evaluados con las escalas de Odom o Zeidman-Ducker a los 3 meses. Resultados. Las reoperaciones se realizaron entre 3 y 36 meses después de la primera cirugía: curetaje, injerto y placa (1 caso), recolocación (1 caso) y extracción de placa (1 caso), curetaje y laminectomía (1 caso), osteosíntesis posterior (1 caso), corpectomía (1 caso) y laminoplastía expansiva (8 casos). En 5/6 casos evaluados con la escala de Odom la evolución fue excelente y el 5/8 casos evaluados con la escala de Zeidman-Ducker su mielopatía mejoró 1 grado. Los que no mejoraron fue por la presencia de comorbilidades o daño medular permanente. Conclusión. En los casos de patología cervical degenerativa, la reoperación tuvo buenos resultados evolutivos en el 71 de los casos. Palabras clave: columna cervical, discectomía anterior, laminoplastía expansiva, reoperaciones.(AU)

Objective: To analize the outcome of cervical spine reoperations in cases with degenerative pathology. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 14 cases (6 males - 8 female / median age 55.70 years-old) of cervical spine reoperations (10 referrals - 4 of our own) with degenerative pathology during the years 2000-2005. The first surgery was: anterior discectomy with autologous graft (1 case) and plate (3 cases), expansive laminoplasty (5 cases), anterior corpectomy with autologous graft and plate (3 cases), laminectomy (1 case) and posterior microforaminotomy (1 case). The diagnosis previous to the second surgery was: pseudarthrosis (1 case) and plate luxation (1 case), mechanical compression (10 cases), osteomyelitis (1 case) and instability (1 case). they were reoperated beacause they were symptomatic. Postoperative outcome was evaluated according to Odom or Zeidman-Ducker scales at 3 months. Results: Reoperations were performed between 3 and 36 months after the first surgery: curetage, graft and plate (1 case), replating (1 case) and plate extraction (1 case), curetage and laminectomy (1 case), posterior fixation (1 case), corpectomy (1 case) and expansive laminoplasty (8 cases). In 5/6 cases, evaluated with the Odom scale the outcome was excellent and 5/8 cases evaluated with the Zeidman-Ducker scale mielopathy improved 1 grade. Those who did not improve had co-morbidities or permanent cerival myelopathy. Conclusions: In these cases presented with cervical degenerative pathology, reoperation has a good outcome in 71 of them. Key words: anterior descectomy - cervical spine - expansive laminoplasty - reoperations.(AU)

Reoperaciones en patología degenerativa cervical / Reoperations un degenerative cervical pathology

Objetivo. Analizar los resultados obtenidos en los casos de reoperaciones en patología degenerativa de la columna cervical. Método. Se revisaron restrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 14 casos (6 varones - 8 mujeres / edad media 55,70 años) de repoeraciones cervicales (10 derivados - 4 propios) por patología degenerativa entre los años 2000-2005. La primera cirugía fue: discectomía anterior con injerto autólogo (1 caso) y placa (3 casos), laminoplastía expansiva (5 casos), corpectomía anterior con injerto autólogo y placa (3 casos), laminectomía (1 caso) y microforaminotomía posterior (1 caso). El diagnóstico previo a la segunda cirugía fue: pseudoartrosis (1 caso) y luxación de placa (1 caso), compresión mecánica (10 casos), osteomielitis (1 caso) e inestabilidad (1 caso). Se decidió reoperarlos por estar sintomáticos. En el postoperatorio fueron evaluados con las escalas de Odom o Zeidman-Ducker a los 3 meses. Resultados. Las reoperaciones se realizaron entre 3 y 36 meses después de la primera cirugía: curetaje, injerto y placa (1 caso), recolocación (1 caso) y extracción de placa (1 caso), curetaje y laminectomía (1 caso), osteosíntesis posterior (1 caso), corpectomía (1 caso) y laminoplastía expansiva (8 casos). En 5/6 casos evaluados con la escala de Odom la evolución fue excelente y el 5/8 casos evaluados con la escala de Zeidman-Ducker su mielopatía mejoró 1 grado. Los que no mejoraron fue por la presencia de comorbilidades o daño medular permanente. Conclusión. En los casos de patología cervical degenerativa, la reoperación tuvo buenos resultados evolutivos en el 71 de los casos. Palabras clave: columna cervical, discectomía anterior, laminoplastía expansiva, reoperaciones.(AU)

Objective: To analize the outcome of cervical spine reoperations in cases with degenerative pathology. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 14 cases (6 males - 8 female / median age 55.70 years-old) of cervical spine reoperations (10 referrals - 4 of our own) with degenerative pathology during the years 2000-2005. The first surgery was: anterior discectomy with autologous graft (1 case) and plate (3 cases), expansive laminoplasty (5 cases), anterior corpectomy with autologous graft and plate (3 cases), laminectomy (1 case) and posterior microforaminotomy (1 case). The diagnosis previous to the second surgery was: pseudarthrosis (1 case) and plate luxation (1 case), mechanical compression (10 cases), osteomyelitis (1 case) and instability (1 case). they were reoperated beacause they were symptomatic. Postoperative outcome was evaluated according to Odom or Zeidman-Ducker scales at 3 months. Results: Reoperations were performed between 3 and 36 months after the first surgery: curetage, graft and plate (1 case), replating (1 case) and plate extraction (1 case), curetage and laminectomy (1 case), posterior fixation (1 case), corpectomy (1 case) and expansive laminoplasty (8 cases). In 5/6 cases, evaluated with the Odom scale the outcome was excellent and 5/8 cases evaluated with the Zeidman-Ducker scale mielopathy improved 1 grade. Those who did not improve had co-morbidities or permanent cerival myelopathy. Conclusions: In these cases presented with cervical degenerative pathology, reoperation has a good outcome in 71 of them. Key words: anterior descectomy - cervical spine - expansive laminoplasty - reoperations.(AU)

[Edible coating effects on the sensory quality of green bell pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum L.) during storage]. / Efecto de recubrimientos comestibles sobre la calidad sensorial de pimentones verdes (Capsicum annuum L.) durante el almacenamiento.

Edible coating based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and stearic acid were applied on green bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) samples in order to investigate its effects as protecting agent to enhance natural characteristics of products. Samples were submitted to three lots according to: (T1) uncoated; (T2) coated in lower part of the stem; (T3) coated all over the surface (T3). During storage at 5 +/- 1 degrees C, for 28 days, sensory quality and weight loss were evaluated. Sensory characteristics such as color, appearance and firmness were controlled using a composite scoring test. At the end of the study, T3 treatment showed better sensory stability than T1 (p < 0.05), none significant changes between T2 and T3 were found. The coated samples showed less firmness deterioration compared with control samples. The color was the attribute that changed less, without significant difference between treatments (p > 0.05).

[Effect of blanching and hygroscopic coating on quality of fresh cut carrots (Daucus carota var. chantenay) during storage]. / Efecto del escaldado y recubrimiento higroscópico sobre la calidad de zanahorias (Daucus carota var. Chantenay) pre-cortadas durante el almacenamiento.

The effect of blanching at low temperatures (solution 1% acid citric, 50 degrees C for 30 seconds) and the application of glycerol as humectant (3% p/p, 20 seconds) to preserve the quality of fresh-cut carrots (Daucus carota) were studied as individual or combined treatments. Four treatments were evaluated: a control by dipping samples for 30 seconds in distilled water (T1); blanching (T2); glycerol application (T3); and blanching plus glycerol application (T4). Total carotenoids content, color, soluble solids and weight loss were monitored during storage. Results showed no differences between treatments in carotenoids content (p > 0.10) and soluble solids (p > 0.05). However, differences were observed between treatments in weight loss (p < 0.05) and color change (p < 0.05). Blanched samples (T2 and T4) showed small changes in orange color intensity compared to treatments T1 and T3 (p < 0.05).

Efecto del escaldado y recubrimiento higroscópico sobre la calidad de zanahorias (Daucus carota var. Chantenay) pre-cortadas durante el almacenamiento / Effect of blanching and hygroscopic coating on quality of fresh cut carrots (Daucus carota var. chantenay) during storage

The effect of blanching at low temperatures (solution 1 acid citric, 50 degrees C for 30 seconds) and the application of glycerol as humectant (3 p/p, 20 seconds) to preserve the quality of fresh-cut carrots (Daucus carota) were studied as individual or combined treatments. Four treatments were evaluated: a control by dipping samples for 30 seconds in distilled water (T1); blanching (T2); glycerol application (T3); and blanching plus glycerol application (T4). Total carotenoids content, color, soluble solids and weight loss were monitored during storage. Results showed no differences between treatments in carotenoids content (p > 0.10) and soluble solids (p > 0.05). However, differences were observed between treatments in weight loss (p < 0.05) and color change (p < 0.05). Blanched samples (T2 and T4) showed small changes in orange color intensity compared to treatments T1 and T3 (p < 0.05).

Efecto de recubrimientos comestibles sobre la calidad sensorial de pimentones verdes (Capsicum annuum L) durante el almacenamiento / Edible coating on the sensory quality of green bell pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum L) during storage

Se aplicó un recubrimiento comestible basado en carboximetilcelulosa y ácido esteárico sobre pimentones verdes (Capsicum annuum L.) para determinar su efecto como agente protector y estabilizador de las características naturales del fruto. Los pimentones se dividieron en tres lotes de acuerdo al tratamiento: (T1) sin recubrir, (T2) con recubrimiento en la base del pedúnculo o tallo; (T3) recubrimiento sobre toda la superficie del fruto, y se almacenaron a 5 ñ 1ºC por 28 días. Durante este tiempo se evaluó la calidad sensorial y la pérdida de peso. Característica sensoriales tales como el color, apariencia, firmeza y calidad, se evaluaron mediante una prueba de puntaje compuesto, en la que participa un panel de 10 jueces entrenados (p>0,05). Al final del estudio, los pimentones del tratamiento T3 mostraron mejor estabilidad sensorial que el control T1 (p<0,05); no observándose ningún cambio significativo entre T2 y T3. Los pimentones recubiertos mostraron menor deterioro de la firmeza comparado con el control. El color fue el atributo que experimentó menor cambio, no existiendo diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos (p>0,05)