Tratamiento por teléfono del tabaquismo. Factores predictivos de éxito / Telephone-based smoking cessation. Predictors of success

Fundamento y objetivo: Evaluar los factores predictivos de éxito del tratamiento telefónico del tabaquismo. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional realizado en el contexto de la práctica clínica en una Unidad de Tabaquismo. Programa de tratamiento por teléfono durante 3 meses y seguimiento hasta los seis meses. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, de dependencia y comorbilidad, y como variable principal la abstinencia continua a las 24 semanas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 743 sujetos (43% varones y 57% mujeres), con edad media (DE) de 41,9 (9,8) años. La abstinencia continua fue del 37,3% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%] 34,9-40,0). El modelo multivariable mostró tres variables con valor predictivo: no padecer trastorno psiquiátrico, vivir en pareja y el primer ítem del test de Fagerström. Conclusiones: El resultado del programa de tratamiento estuvo condicionado por las siguientes variables del fumador: la dependencia a la nicotina, la patología psiquiátrica y el soporte social (AU)

Background and objective: To identify the predictors of successful outcome in a telephone smoking cessation program. Patients and methods: Observational study in the context of clinical practice in a smoking cessation clinic. The smoking cessation program was carried out by phone over a period of 3 months and follow-up for 6 months. Sociodemographic variables were analyzed, dependence, and comorbidity and the main variable was continuous abstinence at 24 weeks. Results: 743 smokers, 43% male and 57% female, mean (SD) age: 41.9 (9.8) years. The continuous abstinence rate at 24 weeks was 37.3% (IC 95% 34.9-40.0).The multivariable model showed three variables with predictive value: no current psychiatric diagnosis, social support and the first item of Fagerström test (time to first cigarette in the morning). Conclusions: Treatment outcomes of this smoking cessation program was influenced by the following variables: nicotine dependence, psychiatric disorders and social support (AU)

[Telephone-based smoking cessation. Predictors of success]. / Tratamiento por teléfono del tabaquismo. Factores predictivos de éxito.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To identify the predictors of successful outcome in a telephone smoking cessation program. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational study in the context of clinical practice in a smoking cessation clinic. The smoking cessation program was carried out by phone over a period of 3 months and follow-up for 6 months. Sociodemographic variables were analyzed, dependence, and comorbidity and the main variable was continuous abstinence at 24 weeks. RESULTS: 743 smokers, 43% male and 57% female, mean (SD) age: 41.9 (9.8) years. The continuous abstinence rate at 24 weeks was 37.3% (IC 95% 34.9-40.0).The multivariable model showed three variables with predictive value: no current psychiatric diagnosis, social support and the first item of Fagerström test (time to first cigarette in the morning). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment outcomes of this smoking cessation program was influenced by the following variables: nicotine dependence, psychiatric disorders and social support.

[Design and early results of a proactive telephone-based smoking cessation treatment compared with face-to-face group sessions]. / Diseño y primera evaluación de un programa de tratamiento de tabaquismo por teléfono. Comparación con un modelo estándar.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To assess an intensive proactive telephone smoking cessation program and compare it with a similar group in face to face treatment. DESIGN: A prospective, controlled, observational study performed during daily clinical practice. PARTICIPANTS: 383 smokers, 176 in telephone treatment and 207 in face to face group treatment, aged greater than 18 years old. They smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day and both groups were recruited between April and November 2003. The study was performed between April 2003 and May 2004. Treatment technique: 11 congnitive-behavioral interventions for six months plus 24 hour nicotine patches in standard doses and 2 mg nicotine gum on demand. Main variable: Prolonged abstinence self-professed at 24 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 12, weeks, 16 weeks, 20 weeks and 24 weeks. RESULTS: In the first and second week, abstinence was significantly higher in the face to face group than in telephone treatment (1st. week 80.2% vs. 65.9% p = .001; 2nd. week 77.3% vs 65.3% p = .007). Subsequently, the difference was not significant, and at 24 weeks abstinence remained similar for the two treatment methods, 54.6% in the face to face group treatment and 54.5% in telephone treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive smoking cessation treatment programs, with nicotine replacement therapy, are equally effective if performed by proactive telephone or in face to face treatment sessions.

Diseño y primera evaluación de un programa de tratamiento de tabaquismo por teléfono. Comparación con un modelo estándar / Design and early results of a proactive telephone-based smoking cessation treatment compared with face-to-face group sessions

Fundamento y objetivo: Evaluar un tratamiento intensivo del tabaquismo realizado por teléfono de forma proactiva, comparándolo con un tratamiento similar realizado cara a cara en grupo. Diseño: Estudio prospectivo, controlado y observacional llevado a cabo en la práctica clínica diaria. Pacientes y método: Participantes: 383 fumadores de más de 10 cigarrillos al día, 176 para tratamiento telefónico y 207 para tratamiento cara a cara en grupo, mayores de 18 años, captados entre abril y noviembre de 2003. El estudio se llevó a cabo entre abril de 2003 y mayo de 2004. Técnica de tratamiento: 11 intervenciones cognitivo-conductuales durante 6 meses, más parches de nicotina de 24 h en dosis estándar y chicle de nicotina de 2 mg a demanda. Variable principal: abstinencia prolongada autodeclarada a las 24 h y 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20 y 24 semanas después. Resultados: La abstinencia 1 y 2 semanas después era significativamente mayor en el grupo de tratamiento cara a cara en grupo que en el telefónico (primera semana, el 80,2 frente al 65,9%; p = 0,001; segunda semana, el 77,3 frente al 65,3%; p = 0,007). Posteriormente, la diferencia deja de ser significativa, y a las 24 semanas es prácticamente igual, el 54,6% en el tratamiento cara a cara en grupo y el 54,5% en el telefónico. Conclusiones: El programa de tratamiento intensivo del tabaquismo con terapia sustitutiva con nicotina es, a los 6 meses, igual de eficaz si se realiza en el marco telefónico de forma proactiva que si se realiza cara a cara en grupo

Background and objective: To assess an intensive proactive telephone smoking cessation program and compare it with a similar group in face to face treatment. Desing: A prospective, controlled, observational study performed during daily clinical practice. Patients and method: Participants: 383 smokers, 176 in telephone treatment and 207 in face to face group treatment, aged greater than 18 years old. They smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day and both groups were recruited between April and November 2003. The study was performed between April 2003 and May 2004. Treatment technique: 11 congnitive-behavioral interventions for six months plus 24 hour nicotine patches in standard doses and 2 mg nicotine gum on demand. Main variable: Prolonged abstinence self-professed at 24 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 12, weeks, 16 weeks, 20 weeks and 24 weeks. Results: In the first and second week, abstinence was significantly higher in the face to face group than in telephone treatment (1st. week 80.2% vs. 65.9% p = .001; 2nd. week 77.3% vs 65.3% p = .007). Subsequently, the difference was not significant, and at 24 weeks abstinence remained similar for the two treatment methods, 54.6% in the face to face group treatment and 54.5% in telephone treatment. Conclusions: Intensive smoking cessation treatment programs, with nicotine replacement therapy, are equally effective if performed by proactive telephone or in face to face treatment sessions