RESUMO
Objectives: This study tested the hypothesis that cryotherapy duration influences lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in a rat model. Materials and Methods: Six Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were used. Five sites were selected per animal and divided into 5 groups: a negative control group (NC), 2 positive control groups (PC1 and PC2), and 2 experimental groups (E1 and E2). Cryotherapy was applied for 1 minute (E1) or 5 minutes (E2). An acute inflammatory response was induced in the PC and E groups via subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mL/kg. In the PC2 group, a catheter was inserted without additional treatment. For the E1 and E2 groups, 2.5°C saline solution was administered through the implanted catheters for 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The rats were sacrificed, and samples were obtained and processed for histological analysis, specifically examining the presence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and hemorrhage. The χ2 test was used to compare the presence of acute inflammation across groups. Dependent variables were compared using the linear-by-linear association test. Results: Inflammation and hemorrhage varied significantly among the groups (p = 0.001). A significantly higher degree of acute inflammation was detected (p = 0.0002) in the PC and E1 samples than in the E2 group, in which cryotherapy was administered for 5 minutes. The PC and E1 groups also exhibited significantly greater numbers of neutrophils (p = 0.007), which were essentially absent in both the NC and E2 groups. Conclusions: Cryotherapy administration for 5 minutes reduced the acute inflammation associated with LPS and catheter implantation.
RESUMO
El curetaje apical con apicectomía forma parte del procedimiento quirúrgico endodóntico. Tiene la finalidad de remover el contenido presente en el interior de la cavidad quirúrgica, como tejido de granulación, restos de membrana quística, cuerpos extraños y eliminar el ápice dental involucrado. Sin embargo, en determinados casos el realizar una apicectomía puede influir en la estabilidad de la restauración en donde la alternativa del tratamiento pudiera ser un curetaje apical sin apicectomía. En este artículo se presenta un caso clínico donde se realizó un curetaje apical y obturación retrógrada con cemento agregado trióxido mineral en un diente con fracaso de un tratamiento endodóntico convencional.
Apical curettage with apicoectomy is a component of many endodontic surgical procedures. It purports the aim of removing any contents present inside the surgical cavity, such as granulation tissue, cystic membrane remnants, or foreign bodies, as well as removing the involved dental apex. Nevertheless, in some cases, performing an apicoectomy can negatively influence the restoration's stability; in these cases an alternative treatment could be performing apical curettage without apicoectomy. The present article documents a clinical case where apical curettage and retrograde obturation with mineral trioxide aggregate cement were performed on a tooth where previous conventional endodontic treatment had failed.
