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1.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 952021 Feb 05.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33544093

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The quality of life in nursing homes is a growing concern. Its assessment requires instruments that consider the subjective needs of residents, their families, and staff, such as the questionnaire (CVS-R) that has been developed and validated in the present study. METHODS: The original 100 items version was applied to 99 participants from three nursing homes (36,4% professionals, 30,30% residents and 33,33% family members). From the item analysis, a questionnaire with 27 questions and 9 dimensions was obtained, which, subsequently, 225 people from other nursing homes in Spain filled in online. Content validity was analyzed by expert judgment, and construct validity by factor analysis. Reliability was assessed by analyzing the internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: The factorial analysis confirmed the existence of a single factor that explains 62.35% of the total variance of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was 0.97. No relationship was found between sex and the final score of the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: The psychometric properties of the CVS-R support its use for the assessment of the subjective quality of life of nursing homes in Spain. The CVS-R considers, for the first time, the perception of residents, families and staff.


OBJETIVO: La calidad de vida en residencias de personas mayores es una preocupación creciente. Su evaluación requiere instrumentos que consideren las necesidades subjetivas de residentes, familias y profesionales, como el cuestionario (CVS-R) que se desarrolló y validó en el presente estudio. METODOS: La versión original de 100 ítems fue aplicada a 99 personas procedentes de tres residencias (36,4% profesionales, 30,30% residentes y 33,33% familiares). Del análisis de los ítems se obtuvo un cuestionario de 27 preguntas y 9 dimensiones que, posteriormente, rellenaron de forma online 225 personas de otras residencias de España (62% profesionales, 23% residentes y 14% familiares). Se analizó la validez de contenido mediante valoración por expertos y la validez de constructo mediante análisis factorial. Se evaluó la fiabilidad analizando la consistencia interna con el alfa de Cronbach. RESULTADOS: El análisis factorial confirmó la existencia de un solo factor que explica el 62,35% de la varianza total del cuestionario. El alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,97. No se encontró relación entre el sexo y la puntuación final del cuestionario. CONCLUSIONES: Las propiedades psicométricas del CVS-R apoyan su uso para la evaluación de la CV subjetiva de residencias de personas mayores de España. El CVS-R recoge, por primera vez, la percepción de residentes, familias y profesionales.


Assuntos
Casas de Saúde , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Espanha
2.
Psicothema ; 22(4): 765-71, 2010 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21044511

RESUMO

We studied the effect of emotion generated by IAPS (International Affective Picture System) pictures on incidental recognition of these pictures for short retention periods (15 min). Memorization distraction tasks and reaction time tasks were used together with short exposure times (2 seconds per picture) in order to prevent a high recognition rate that would impede testing for the effect of emotion on discrimination parameters (A´) and response bias (B´´D) (ceiling effect). We used 80 pictures representing the medium and high levels of two-dimensional emotional space. The results showed greater discrimination and a more conservative response style to unpleasant and medium arousal level pictures. These pictures produced higher confidence and lower response times in the recognition phase. The results can be explained by the negative content of the pictures and activation level effects on attentional processing and memory, and can be interpreted as a phenomenon that is evolutionarily adaptive.


Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Emoções/fisiologia , Reconhecimento Visual de Modelos/fisiologia , Detecção de Sinal Psicológico/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Nível de Alerta , Atenção/fisiologia , Intervalos de Confiança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Tempo de Reação , Adulto Jovem
3.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 22(4): 765-771, 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-82533

RESUMO

Se estudió el efecto de la emoción generada a través de fotografías del IAPS (International Affective Picture System) sobre el reconocimiento incidental de dichas fotografías con períodos de retención cortos (15 min). Se utilizaron tareas distractoras de memorización y tiempo de reacción, junto a tiempos de exposición breves (2 segundos por fotografía), con el fin de evitar que la elevada tasa de reconocimiento presente en este tipo de trabajos impida comprobar el efecto de la emoción sobre los parámetros de discriminación (A´) y sesgo de respuesta (B´´D) (efecto techo). Para este fin se utilizaron 80 fotografías representativas de los niveles medio y alto del espacio afectivo bidimensional. Los resultados informan de una mayor discriminación y un estilo de respuesta más conservador para las fotografías desagradables y las de arousal medio. Para este tipo de fotografías se obtuvo una mayor confianza y menores tiempos de respuesta en la fase de reconocimiento. Los resultados pueden explicarse por los efectos que el contenido negativo y el nivel de activación de las fotografías tienen sobre el procesamiento atencional y la memoria, e interpretarse como un fenómeno que resulta adaptativo evolutivamente (AU)


We studied the effect of emotion generated by IAPS (International Affective Picture System) pictures on incidental recognition of these pictures for short retention periods (15 min). Memorization distraction tasks and reaction time tasks were used together with short exposure times (2 seconds per picture) in order to prevent a high recognition rate that would impede testing for the effect of emotion on discrimination parameters (A´) and response bias (B´´D) (ceiling effect). We used 80 pictures representing the medium and high levels of two-dimensional emotional space. The results showed greater discrimination and a more conservative response style to unpleasant and medium arousal level pictures. These pictures produced higher confidence and lower response times in the recognition phase. The results can be explained by the negative content of the pictures and activation level effects on attentional processing and memory, and can be interpreted as a phenomenon that is evolutionarily adaptive (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Emoções Manifestas/classificação , Emoções Manifestas/fisiologia , Memória/fisiologia , Memória de Curto Prazo/fisiologia , Afeto/fisiologia , /fisiologia , Reconhecimento Psicológico/fisiologia , Fotografia/métodos , Fotografia/tendências , Discriminação Psicológica/fisiologia , Retenção Psicológica/fisiologia , Análise de Dados
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