The association between low lean mass and osteoporosis increases the risk of weakness, poor physical performance and frailty in Brazilian older adults: data from SARCOS study.

PURPOSE: To characterize the phenotypes of older adults with low lean mass and osteoporosis, concomitantly or isolated, in regards to poor physical performance and frailty status. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of the SARCopenia and OSteoporosis in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Diseases Study (SARCOS). SETTING: Outpatient geriatric cardiology clinic. PARTICIPANTS AND METHOD: 385 older adults underwent DXA analysis. Low lean mass was diagnosed according to FNIH and low BMD by a T-score ≤ -2.5 SD. Subjects were grouped into: I-Low lean mass and Osteoporosis (LLMO); II-Low lean mass (LLM); III-Osteoporosis (OP), and IV-Controls. Poor physical performance was diagnosed by weakness or slow walking speed or impaired mobility. Frailty was diagnosed by CHS criteria. RESULTS: The mean age was 78.22 ± 7.16 years. The prevalence of LLMO, LLM, and OP were 14.8%, 39.5%, and 19.2%, respectively. LLMO subjects were older, predominantly women, with a high percentage of body fat (HTBF). LLM was represented by obese men, while individuals with OP were preferably women, older and leaner. In a regression analyses, LLMO presented an OR: 6.42 (2.63‒15.65; p < 0.001) for weakness, OR: 2.55 (1.09‒5.95; p = 0.030) for impaired mobility, and OR: 14.75 (2.72‒79.94; p = 0.002) for frailty. After adjusting for HTBF, the OR for frailty, decreased to 7.25 (1.11-47.21; p = 0.038). LLM and OP were associated only with weakness with an OR: 3.06 (1.36-6.84; p = 0.006) and OR: 3.14 (1.29-7.62; p = 0.011), respectively. CONCLUSION: In Brazilian older community-dwelling outpatient adults, the phenotype characterized by low lean mass and osteoporosis presents a higher association with impaired mobility, weakness and frailty status compared to the others phenotyeps and controls. A high percentage of body fat presents a synergistic effect with low lean mass and osteoporosis phenotype in regards to frailty.

Avaliação farmacogenética do ácido acetilsalicílico em uso isolado e associado aos ácidos graxos ômega 3 (n-3) em pacientes com doença arterial coronária crônica / Pharmacogenetic assessment of aspirin only and in addition to omega 3 fatty acids (n-3) in patients with chronic coronary artery disease

O uso do ácido acetilsalicílico, universalmente aceito na prevenção e tratamento da doença aterosclerótica, pode resultar em respostas terapêuticas variáveis classificando os pacientes em respondedores (normais) ou baixo respondedores (resistentes). A dose de 100mg/dia pode inibir de forma insuficiente a agregação plaquetária. Por isso, doses maiores têm sido utilizadas ou, eventualmente, associadas a outros antiplaquetários visando à redução do número de baixo respondedores. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do ácido acetilsalicílico na redução da agregação plaquetária in vitro. Para tal, 152 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, não aparentados, de qualquer etnia, sem limite de faixa etária, portadores de doença arterial coronária crônica, atendidos no Ambulatório de Coronariopatias do Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, foram incluídos no estudo. Na primeira consulta, todos foram submetidos à anamnese e exame clínico completo e estavam em uso prévio de ácido acetilsalicílico 100mg/dia, por um período superior a 30 dias. Os pacientes selecionados foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo AAS 200, composto por aqueles que foram tratados com ácido acetilsalicílico na dose de 200mg/dia e grupo Ômega 3 composto por aqueles tratados com ácido acetilsalicílico 100mg/dia em associação a ácido graxo ômega 3 na dose de 1.000mg/dia...