Assuntos
Digitoxina/metabolismo , Animais , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Cobaias , Hidroxilação , Masculino , OxirreduçãoRESUMO
The influence of phenobarbital pretreatment on liver concentration of digitoxin and its metabolites was studied in guinea-pigs after i.p. administration of the cardiac glycoside. During the first hour an increase in liver uptake was observed in pretreated animals. The differences detected in the hepatic subcellular distribution do not seem to explain the higher concentrations found in the liver of phenobarbital pretreated animals. About 80% of the liver radioactivity was found in the supernatants. Inhibition of digitoxin biotransformation by phenobarbital was demonstrated by chromatographic analysis of the organic soluble compounds present in the supernatants. The possible binding of digitoxin and its metabolites to soluble proteins of liver cytosol was excluded by thin-layer gel filtration. The decrease in digitoxin biotransformation seems to be the reason for the increase in liver uptake and for the decrease in bile concentrations, observed in phenobarbital pretreated animals.
Assuntos
Digitoxina/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Fenobarbital/farmacologia , Animais , Biotransformação , Cromatografia em Gel , Citosol/metabolismo , Interações Medicamentosas , Cobaias , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Ligação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , Frações Subcelulares/metabolismo , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
1. [3H]Digitoxin was incubated for 2-5 h with liver slices from control and phenobarbital-pretreated guinea-pigs. Metabolites were the same in both groups. 2. After 5 h incubation, a 6-fold increase in unmetabolized digitoxin was found in the phenobarbital-pretreated group compared with controls. 3. The major metabolite extracted by chloroform is formed by hydroxylation at an unknown position of the cardenolide nucleus, which is not the 12 beta-hydroxy position. Only half the amount of this metabolite was formed in livers of pretreated animals, compared to controls, in 2 h, after 5 h incubation similar amounts occurred in both groups. 4. Water-soluble metabolites decreased 2-fold in phenobarbital-pretreated animals at 2 and 5 h of incubation.
Assuntos
Digitoxina/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Fenobarbital/farmacologia , Animais , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Cobaias , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , MasculinoRESUMO
Pretreatment with phenobarbital enhanced digitoxin toxicity in guinea-pigs. In both male and female animals the LD50 was reduced by one half as compared to control animals. Plasma and bile concentrations were determined at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min after intraperitoneal administration of 3H digitoxin. Plasma from pretreated guinea-pigs always presented higher concentrations of non-metabolized digitoxin and lower amounts of water soluble metabolites than control animals. If these compounds are less active than the parent drug, the increased toxicity of digitoxin after pretreatment with the enzymatic inducer may be explained by inhibition of detoxication.
