Síndrome PFAPA: Diagnóstico e Tratamento na Atenção Primária à Saúde / PFAPA Syndrome: Diagnosis and Treatment in Primary Health Care / Síndrome PFAPA: Diagnóstico y Tratamiento en la Atención Primaria a la Salud

Objetivo: Apresentar informações sobre o diagnóstico e tratamento da síndrome PFAPA na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: Revisão sistemática de literatura baseada na recomendação PRISMA e realizada nas bases de dados Scielo, Lilacs, Medline, IBECS e PubMed, incluindo estudos publicados no período de 2004 a 2018, além da consulta a outros documentos específicos da síndrome PFAPA. Resultados: Após busca e seleção, foram incluídos 31 artigos. Avaliação e Diagnóstico: A síndrome PFAPA acomete principalmente crianças, sendo caracterizada por febre periódica acompanhada por faringite, estomatite aftosa e/ou adenite cervical. Seu diagnóstico é clínico e por exclusão, baseado em critérios estabelecidos. Recomendações: Os episódios costumam responder a prednisona e, em graus variáveis, a cimetidina e colchicina. Casos refratários e acompanhados de hipertrofia tonsilar são candidatos a tonsilectomia, devendo ser encaminhados à avaliação otorrinolaringológica.

Objective: To present information about the diagnosis and treatment of PFAPA syndrome in Primary Health Care. Methods: Systematic review of literature based on the PRISMA recommendation and carried out in the Scielo, Lilacs, Medline, IBECS and PubMed databases, including studies published from 2004 to 2018, in addition to consulting other PFAPA syndrome specific documents. Results: After search and selection, 31 articles were included. Assessment and Diagnosis: PFAPA syndrome affects mainly children and is characterized by periodic fever accompanied by pharyngitis, aphthous stomatitis and/or cervical adenitis. Its diagnosis is clinical and by exclusion, based on established criteria. Recommendations: The episodes usually respond to prednisone and, in varying levels, cimetidine and colchicine. Refractory cases and accompanied by tonsillar hypertrophy are candidates for tonsillectomy, and should be referred to otorhinolaryngological evaluation.

Objetivo: Presentar informaciones sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento del síndrome PFAPA en la Atención Primaria a la Salud. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de literatura basada en la recomendación PRISMA y realizada en las bases de datos Scielo, Lilacs, Medline, IBECS y PubMed, incluyendo estudios publicados en el período 2004 a 2018, además de la consulta a otros documentos específicos del síndrome PFAPA. Resultados: Después de la búsqueda y selección, se incluyeron 31 artículos. Evaluación y Diagnóstico: El síndrome PFAPA acomete principalmente niños, siendo caracterizada por fiebre periódica acompañada por faringitis, estomatitis aftosa y/o adenitis cervical. Su diagnóstico es clínico y por exclusión, basado en criterios establecidos. Recomendaciones: Los episodios suelen responder a la prednisona y, en grados variables, a la cimetidina y colchicina. Los casos refractarios y acompañados de hipertrofia tonsilar son candidatos a tonsilectomía, debiendo ser encaminados a la evaluación otorrinolaringológica.

Parental age is related to the occurrence of cleft lip and palate in Brazilian populations

Aim: To evaluate the association of environmental risk factors, particularly paternal and maternal age, with gender and type of oral cleft in newborn with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). Methods: This study included 1,346 children with NSCL/P of two Brazilian Services for treatment of craniofacial deformities. Parental ages were classified into the following groups: maternal age <35, 36-39, and ≥40 years; paternal age <39 and ≥40 years. The data was analyzed with chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression analysis. The odds ratios were estimated with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Of the 1,346 children included in this study, CLP was the type of NSCL/P with highest prevalence, followed by, respectively, CL and CP. There was a greater occurrence of NSCL/P in males compared to females (55.8% versus 44.2%). CLP was more common in men, while the CL and CP were more prevalent in women (p=0.000). No association between maternal age and clefts was observed (p=0.747). However, there was evidence of association between father's aged ≥40 years old and NSCL/P (p=0.031). When patients with CP were analyzed separately, no association between the father's age and the child's gender (p=0.728) was observed, i.e. the female gender prevails among patients with CP, regardless of the father's age. Conclusions: This study showed that there were differences in the distribution of the non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate and the gender, and fathers aged ≥40 years old may have increased risk of oral cleft. Further studies involving different populations are needed for a better understanding of the effect of maternal and paternal ages as a risk factor for the occurrence of oral clefts (Au)