Effect of cell therapy with adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of acute rupture of the Achilles tendon in humans.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the treatment of acute rupture of the Achilles tendon. It was a cross-sectional study involving 15 patients. Patients were randomly divided: group 1-rupture; group 2-suture; group 3-rupture + ADSCs. In the AOFAS score, the score was higher in group 3 with a significant difference. In the ATRS score, the score was higher in groups 2 and 3, also with a significant difference. As for the ultrasound score, there was a significant difference between the experimental groups in relation to this score, however, in the multiple comparisons test, comparing two groups at a time, it was possible to observe a significant difference of the experimental groups. It can be concluded that cell therapy in this condition may be a treatment option due to tissue regeneration and significant recovery of function.

The intra-articular injection of adipose-derived stem cells decreases pain and reduces inflammation in knee osteoarthritis, with or without the addition of platelet-rich plasma also improves functionality.

The increase of individuals with Osteoarthritis (OA) has generated an increase in public spending in the treatments, which are still not that effective. So, the purpose of this study was to analyze and compare four types of interventions: platelet-rich plasma (PRP), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), ADSCs + PRP and the standard surgical video arthroscopy (All groups passed through standard arthroscopy before intervention). The evaluation was performed by applying the questionnaires Western Ontario McMaster Universities, Short Form Health Survey 36 and Visual Analog Pain Scale, also by analyzing the synovial fluid (inflammatory cytokines, enzymatic, colorimetric and viscosity analysis), this evaluation happened in two moments: before the surgical procedures and after 6 months of the interventions and also was made a comparison to standard arthroscopy. The questionnaires results showed a greater improvement in the scores of the domains analyzed in the ADSCs + PRP group, followed by the ADSCs and PRP group. In the evaluation of inflammatory cytokines, there was a significant reduction in the cytokine IL-1b only in the ADSCs + PRP group (46%) and ADSCs (31%), of IL-6 in the ADSCs + PRP group (72%), of IL-8 in the ADSCs + PRP group (50%) and ADSCs (31%), and TNF in the ADSCs + PRP group (46%). There was also a significant increase in the amount of total proteins (79%) in the control group and polymorphonuclear cells (47%) in the ADSCs + PRP group. Taking all the results into account, we infer that therapies with ADSCs + PRP and only ADSCs are safe and effective over 6 months for the improvement of pain, functional capacity and joint inflammation in volunteers with OA. It is also considered that the use of ADSCs + PRP, particularly, is a promising alternative to help manage this disease, due to the better results presented among the four propose interventions.

Pyriproxyfen does not cause microcephaly or malformations in a preclinical mammalian model.

Pyriproxyfen is used in Brazil to combat epidemics of Dengue Fever, Chikungunya Fever, and Zika virus. This study assessed the effects of pyriproxyfen on reproductive performance, embryo-fetal development, head measurements, and DNA integrity in a preclinical model. Thirty pregnant mice were divided into three groups (n = 10): control (drinking water-0.1 ml/10 g (body weight-b.w., gavage) and treated with pyriproxyfen 0.0002 mg/kg and 0.0021 mg/kg (b.w., gavage) during the gestational period. Analysis of biometric, reproductive performance and embryo-fetal development parameters related to control presented no significant differences, suggesting no maternal or embryo-fetal toxicity. Head measurements showed no differences except an increase in anterior/posterior measurement and glabella/external occipital protuberance. Analysis of DNA integrity showed an increase in micronucleus only at 72 h for the lowest dose group. Thus, we infer that pyriproxyfen is not related to the occurrence of microcephaly, nor does it alter reproductive performance, embryo-fetal development or DNA integrity.