[Nutritional analysis of 25 heart transplanted patients]. / Análisis nutricional de 25 pacientes con trasplante de corazón.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Malnutrition could be very important in patients under surgery. Moreover, the immunosuppressive therapy can cause metabolic and nutritional disorders to the transplanted patients. The aim of this study was to obtain information about the nutritional situation of the cardiac transplanted patients with biochemical and anthropometric parameters. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A retrospective descriptive transversal study. We reviewed clinic records of cardiac transplanted patients between 2004 and 2005. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters recorded before surgery, in the intensive care unit and at the hospital discharge. RESULTS: At discharge, there is a decrease of the following parameters: albumin, 68%; creatinine, 68%; proteins, 92%, and body mass index, 64%; whereas one year after discharge an increase of the body mass index was observed (60%). It was observed that 36% of the patients presented high results of triglycerides, after both a month and a year after discharge. The percentage is of 32% of glucose and between 52% and 24% for cholesterol, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In patients submitted to cardiac transplantation, there is a tendency for a damaged nutritional situation, both at discharge and after a year. It is important to point out the need for a nutritional education to decrease possible complications.

Análisis nutricional de 25 pacientes con trasplante de corazón / Nutritional analysis of 25 heart transplanted patients

Fundamento y objetivo: En los pacientes quirúrgicos la desnutrición puede ser de gran importancia. Además, el tratamiento inmunodepresor que reciben los receptores de trasplante puede originar una serie de alteraciones nutricionales y metabólicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es obtener información sobre el estado nutricional del paciente con trasplante cardíaco valorando distintos parámetros bioquímicos y antropométricos. Pacientes y método: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo de tipo descriptivo y transversal. Se utilizaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes que habían recibido un trasplante cardíaco durante 2004-2005. Se midieron parámetros bioquímicos y antropométricos en el preoperatorio, al alta de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, al alta hospitalaria y al año. Resultados: Hubo una disminución de los valores referidos al alta hospitalaria: un 88% para la albúmina, un 68% para creatinina, un 92% para proteínas y un 64% para el índice de masa corporal. En cambio, al año del alta se observó un aumento significativo del índice de masa corporal (60%). Un 36% de los pacientes presentaba valores elevados de triglicéridos, tanto al mes como al año del alta hospitalaria; el porcentaje fue de un 32% en el caso de la glucosa y entre un 52 y un 24% para el colesterol, respectivamente. Conclusiones: En el estado nutricional del paciente con trasplante cardíaco se observa en el momento del alta hospitalaria una tendencia al deterioro, que se prolonga hasta el año. Al año del alta hospitalaria aumentan la obesidad y ciertos parámetros relacionados con el riesgo cardiovascular. Una vez más, se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de una educación nutricional que conduzca a la disminución de posibles complicaciones, teniendo en cuenta la medicación prescrita

Background and objective: Malnutrition could be very important in patients under surgery. Moreover, the immunosuppressive therapy can cause metabolic and nutritional disorders to the transplanted patients. The aim of this study was to obtain information about the nutritional situation of the cardiac transplanted patients with biochemical and anthropometric parameters. Patients and method: A retrospective descriptive transversal study. We reviewed clinic records of cardiac transplanted patients between 2004 and 2005. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters recorded before surgery, in the intensive care unit and at the hospital discharge. Results: At discharge, there is a decrease of the following parameters: albumin, 68%; creatinine, 68%; proteins, 92%, and body mass index, 64%; whereas one year after discharge an increase of the body mass index was observed (60%). It was observed that 36% of the patients presented high results of triglycerides, after both a month and a year after discharge. The percentage is of 32% of glucose and between 52% and 24% for cholesterol, respectively. Conclusions: In patients submitted to cardiac transplantation, there is a tendency for a damaged nutritional situation, both at discharge and after a year. It is important to point out the need for a nutritional education to decrease possible complications