RESUMO
Transanal excision (TE), endoscopic transanal resection (ETAR) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) can be used to remove adenomatous polyps. However, their use is limited by the size or location of the tumor. TE is limited to the lower rectum, TEM offers better access to lesions in the middle and upper rectum, and ETAR is used less frequently than it deserves for resection of rectal lesions(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Adenoma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Microcirurgia/métodosRESUMO
Transanal excision (TE), endoscopic transanal resection (ETAR) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) can be used to remove adenomatous polyps. However, their use is limited by the size or location of the tumor. TE is limited to the lower rectum, TEM offers better access to lesions in the middle and upper rectum, and ETAR is used less frequently than it deserves for resection of rectal lesions.
Assuntos
Adenoma , Anastomose Cirúrgica , Neoplasias Retais , Adenoma/patologia , Adenoma/cirurgia , Canal Anal/patologia , Canal Anal/cirurgia , Anastomose Cirúrgica/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Endoscopia/métodos , Humanos , Microcirurgia/métodos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Reto/patologia , Reto/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Benign anal stenosis is an uncommon, disabling and incapacitating disease, occurring mainly after anorectal surgery. Both non-surgical and surgical treatments have been devised in the treatment of anal stenosis with good results. We described the results of the treatment of this disease in the Coloproctology Department of our institution. METHODS: A retrospective clinical study was undertaken over a 5-year period for consecutive patients operated on for anal stenosis. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients with benign anal stenosis were treated in our department. Haemorrhoidectomy was the most common cause of anal stenosis (74%). Nineteen patients with moderate to severe symptoms of anal stenosis underwent surgical treatment. Lateral mucosal advancement flap was the most frequently carried out operation (63.1%). Four patients were treated with anal dilatation (17.3%). All patients had remission of the preoperative symptoms. There was no re-operation and only minor complications were present in four patients: three patients with anal pruritus and one patient with temporary incontinence. CONCLUSION: The easy performance, the absence of major complications and the good results obtained confirm that these methods are effective and safe in the treatment of anal stenosis.
Assuntos
Canal Anal/patologia , Canal Anal/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Constrição Patológica , Dilatação , Feminino , Hemorroidas/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
This paper presents a chart review of 17 patients who had been treated for rectovaginal fistula (RVF) from 1996 to 2000. In most cases (13; 76.5%), the fistula was the result of post-surgical complications. Following vaginal mucosa advancement flap repair or repair after conversion to a fourth-degree perineal laceration, 16 (94%) of the rectovaginal fistulae (during the first attempted repair or after failed treatment) were successfully treated. In all patients but one, faecal diversion was avoided. In two patients, fistulography was both a diagnostic procedure and the method of treatment.
Assuntos
Fístula Retovaginal/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Prontuários Médicos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Períneo/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Fístula Retovaginal/diagnóstico , Fístula Retovaginal/etiologia , Reto/cirurgia , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by multiple adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum that inevitably develop into adenocarcinomas if the patient's colon is not removed in time. To date more than 500 mutations related to the disease have been identified in the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene. The molecular study of FAP families was initially introduced in Cuba with the aim of identifying the asymptomatic carriers of APC gene mutations in each family. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 23 individuals from 17 Cuban families who had been diagnosed clinically with FAP. Peripheral DNA was extracted from the index case of each family. Exon 15 of the APC gene was screened for germinal mutations using PCR and DNA heteroduplex. RESULTS: Three different germinal mutations were identified in the mutational clustering region of APC gene by sequencing analysis in five FAP unrelated families. Three families carry the most frequent mutation in APC in codon 1309, while the other two families carry mutations in codons 1061 and 1192, respectively. Two asymptomatic carriers of one family were detected, and later the disease was confirmed by colonoscopy in a very early stage while six members at risk were found to be negative. CONCLUSION: For the first time in Cuba molecular diagnosis of FAP was performed and the development of colorectal cancer prevented in asymptomatic carriers.