RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Lack of information and accurate knowledge about the properties of chemicals and the exposure derived from its use; hinder health and safety measures to protect exposed workers. The aim of this study is to identify the elements that will help us draw a balance of chemical hazards in Spain and register the most dangerous chemicals at the workplace (by sector or field of activity). METHODS: Study of secondary sources, identification of risk perception by workers' representatives and study of the approach on chemical risk in risk assessments. The last step is to set up a Chemical Exposure Database arranged by industrial sectors. RESULTS: Great volumes of production and consumption of chemicals, generalization of exposure, but insufficient data on specific use; little information is provided on specific dangerous factors of commonly used chemicals; chemicals are barely identified in risk assessments. High levels of exposure in industrial sectors; damage is not adequately registered; there are difficulties in risk perception. Set-up of a preliminary database on exposure by sector of activity. CONCLUSIONS: Data is collected; information sources and procedures, which allow a forecast of chemical risk, are identified. A database on exposure by sector of activity is developed (to be checked and enhanced as new evidence is found).
Assuntos
Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Substâncias Perigosas/efeitos adversos , Substâncias Perigosas/análise , Humanos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional/análise , Medição de Risco , EspanhaRESUMO
Fundamento: La falta de información junto a la ausencia de unconocimiento preciso de las propiedades intrínsecas de cada agentequímico y de la exposición derivada de un uso concreto dificultan engran medida la prevención de los trabajadores expuestos a los riesgosgenerados por la presencia de estos productos en los puestos de trabajo.El objetivo del presente estudio es identificar los elementos quepermitan efectuar un diagnóstico de la situación del riesgo químicoen España y la realización de un inventario de sustancias peligrosasutilizadas en el lugar de trabajo por sectores y/o actividades de producción.Métodos: Análisis de las fuentes secundarias, identificación dela percepción del riesgo entre representantes de los trabajadores yanálisis del tratamiento que recibe el riesgo químico en las evaluacionesde riesgo. Por último se establecen las bases de una Matriz deExposición a sustancias químicas por sectores de producción.Resultados: Grandes volúmenes de producción y consumo deagentes químicos, generalización de la multiexposición, pero sindatos sobre su uso concreto, con poca información sobre la peligrosidadintrínseca de las sustancias utilizadas y escasa identificación enlas evaluaciones de riesgo. Amplia exposición en los sectores de producción con subregistro del daño a la salud y dificultades en la percepción del riesgo. Elaboración provisional de una matriz de exposición por sectores de producción.Conclusiones: Se obtienen datos y se identifican fuentes deinformación y procedimientos de análisis que permiten elaborar undiagnóstico de situación ante riesgo químico laboral. Se obtiene unamatriz inicial de exposición por sectores de producción (susceptiblede revisión y ampliación en función de la evidencia)
Background: Lack of information and accurate knowledgeabout the properties of chemicals and the exposure derived from itsuse; hinder health and safety measures to protect exposed workers.The aim of this study is to identify the elements that will help usdraw a balance of chemical hazards in Spain and register the mostdangerous chemicals at the workplace (by sector or field of activity).Methods: Study of secondary sources, identification of risk perceptionby workers' representatives and study of the approach onchemical risk in risk assessments. The last step is to set up a ChemicalExposure Database arranged by industrial sectors.Results: Great volumes of production and consumption of chemicals,generalization of exposure, but insufficient data on specificuse; little information is provided on specific dangerous factors ofcommonly used chemicals; chemicals are barely identified in riskassessments. High levels of exposure in industrial sectors; damageis not adequately registered; there are difficulties in risk perception.Set-up of a preliminary database on exposure by sector of activity.Conclusions: Data is collected; information sources and procedures,which allow a forecast of chemical risk, are identified. A databaseon exposure by sector of activity is developed (to be checkedand enhanced as new evidence is found)
Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Substâncias Perigosas/efeitos adversos , Substâncias Perigosas/análise , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional/análiseRESUMO
The worst environmental disaster of the history of Spain favoured a renewed social awareness of the intimate relationships that exist between the state of the environment and the health of human beings. However, the health of the populations most involved in the Prestige oil spill was initially not the chief concern of political authorities. The main aims of the present paper are: first, to comment succinctly on some of the most significant activities conducted by a variety of social actors during the Prestige crisis; and second, to suggest the main potential objectives and characteristics of the epidemiological studies necessary to assess with a sound rational basis the possible impact of the accident on the health of workers, volunteers and residents in the spill areas. The authors hope that in the near future it will be possible to scientifically assess the results and implications of several studies (epidemiological and of other sorts) well designed and conducted.
Assuntos
Desastres , Exposição Ambiental , Petróleo , Navios , Saúde , Humanos , EspanhaRESUMO
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