[Peptic acid disease associated with Helicobacter pylori in children. Report of a case]. / Enfermedad ácido péptica asociada a Helicobacter pylori en niños. Reporte de un caso.

We studied a child with peptic acid disease which was associated with H. pylori. The identification of H. pylori was done by biopsy and for antibody test. Clinical improvement was observed only with the use of amoxocilin and Bismuth subsalycilate.

[Helicobacter pylori: can it be a contributing factor in peptic ulcer in childhood?]. / Helicobacter pylori: puede ser un factor contribuyente en la enfermedad ácido péptica en la niñez?

Helicobacter pylori is a recently identified microorganisms which is thought to be the causing agent of the peptic acid disease in children as well as in adults. It is currently accepted that frequent relapses of this illness in spite of an adequate treatment can be associated to the faulty eradication of this bacteria. This article outlines the characteristics of H. pylori, its incidence, pathogenesis, as well as the current diagnostic methods used and the treatment applied.

[Intestinal arteriovenous malformations in children]. / Malformaciones arteriovenosas del intestino en niños.

Four children with arteriovenous malformation were studied during a two year period (1989-1991). The main localization of these arteriovenous malformations were: sigmoid rectum, ascending colon, terminal ileum and apoendix. The diagnosis was made with colonoscopy and arteriography. The surgical resection was the procedure of choice.

[Pancreatic pseudocyst. A case report and review of the literature]. / Pseudoquiste pancreático. Informe de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

This is the case of a 15 year old adolescent girl who refers recurrent chronic abdominal pain for a period of three months. She was diagnosed as having a chronic pancreatic pseudocyst, seen as a complication of an episode of hemorrhage acute pancreatitis secondary to the administration of L-asparaginase for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The abdominal ultrasonography allowed for a pre-operatory diagnosis to be made. An internal drainage and a cystogastrostomy were the procedures of choice. A review of the literature is included on the physiopathology, clinical history, diagnostic procedures and therapeutic conduct to be followed.

[Epiploon cysts. Report of 2 cases]. / Quistes de epiplón. Informe de dos casos.

This report includes two cases of omental cysts, with detailed clinical and radiological findings. The main clinical finding in these patients was a massive cystic growth, producing an increase in abdominal volume undistinguishable from ascites. In both cases the preoperative diagnosis was done using abdominal ultrasonography. Although omental cysts are infrequent, it should be thought of as a possibility in the differential diagnosis in children with intraabdominal fluid. Omental cysts; intraabdominal cystic masses; abdominal ultrasound.

[Rectosigmoidal angiodysplasia]. / Angiodisplasia de rectosigmoides.

A case of a three year old child with an angiodysplasia (arterial venous malformation) localized in the sigmoidal rectum is reported. The malformation caused chronic recurrent rectal hemorrhaging. Colonoscopy was the procedure used to diagnose the problem which was later corroborated by arteriography. The affected area was removed.

[Intestinal malacoplakia in childhood. Report of 5 cases]. / Malacoplasia intestinal en la infancia. Informe de cinco casos.

We studied 5 children with intestinal malakoplakia who were seen during a period of 10 years. Four were male and one female. The main clinical manifestations were: chronic bloody and mucous diarrhea, abdominal pain and polypoid masses detected by rectal maneuver. Either the radiological study as well as endoscopy showed the presence of stenosis and polypoid masses (pseudopolyps). Two patients underwent laparotomy and a tumoral infiltration at the level of rectal-sigmoid and cecal appendix was found. Histological diagnosis proves to be definitive in these case. Drug treatment has been with bethanechol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in three patients. We conclude that intestinal malakoplakia is more common that ulcerative colitis in our children population attending at this institute. Therefore, the presence of intestinal malakoplakia must be ruled out in every child having chronic bloody and mucous diarrhea, presenting as well pseudopolyps.

[Esophageal stenosis in children with recessive epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica. Presentation of 6 cases]. / Estenosis esofágica en niños con epidermólisis bulosa distrófica recesiva. Presentación de 6 casos.

Esophageal strictures may complice Dystrophic Recessive + Epidermolysis Bullosa (DREB). We report six consecutive cases of DREB with this type of lesion as the main gastrointestinal manifestation. In three children the stenosis was unique and located in the upper third one in the middle third, and the last two children showed a double stenosis (Upper and middle third) of the esophagus.

[Gastrointestinal manifestations of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa]. / Manifestaciones gastrointestinales de la epidermolisis bulosa distrófica recesiva.

The clinical charts of eight children with gastrointestinal symptomatology secondary to recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa are reviewed. The most frequently found gastrointestinal lesions were esophageal stricture (6 patients), a repeated history of ampullar lesions (8 patients), constipation (5) and anchiloglossia (2). The most frequent and feared lesion is the esophageal stricture. Esophageal stricture; epidermolysis; gastrointestinal manifestations.

[Prokinetic drugs in gastrointestinal motility. Their application in pediatrics]. / Drogas procinéticas en motilidad gastrointestinal. Su aplicación en pediatría.

In this article, the neurophysiology and neurobiochemistry of the digestive system are reviewed briefly. The pharmacology of the main gastrointestinal prokinetic drugs and their indications, side effects and dosages in pediatric patients are described.

[Antral membrane. Presentation of a case]. / Membrana antral. Presentación de un caso.

A case of antral membrane in a 23 month old child is presented. He developed an extremely rapid clinical course characterized by vomiting, 4 kg weight loss and acute malnutrition. The UGI showed a probable antropyloric obstruction which was confirmed by endoscopy and lately by surgery. It is suggested that in the approach of a patient with vomit it is very important to make an oriented clinical history and always complete the study of the patients with radiological and endoscopic procedures.

[Liver transplant in children. Selection of receptors and donors]. / Trasplante hepático en pediatría. Selección de receptores y donadores.

The indications for liver transplantation in children as well as its contraindications are reviewed and analyzed. We describe the basis for a correct receptor and donor selection. The cost and complications of the procedure are discussed.