RESUMO
Chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), arterial hypertension (HTN), and obesity are significant global health challenges, contributing to millions of premature deaths. In Mexico, these pose major challenges due to limited access to healthcare and inadequate primary care quality. Complementary medicine presents itself as an adjuvant in this context, offering minimally invasive techniques to enhance physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. However, effective treatment adherence is crucial for positive outcomes, influenced by self-efficacy, resulting in persistently low adherence rates-a pressing public health concern. This observational study aimed to explore how perceptions of complementary medicine and treatment adherence predict self-efficacy among individuals with chronic diseases in Mexico. Data were collected from 113 participants with chronic conditions, including T2DM, HTN, and obesity. Participants completed surveys assessing perception of complementary medicine, treatment adherence, and self-efficacy. Statistical analyses, including correlations and regression, were conducted to examine the relationships between variables. The study revealed significant correlations between the perception of complementary medicine, treatment adherence, and self-efficacy. Treatment adherence was positively associated with self-efficacy, while perception of holistic medicine was negatively correlated with self-efficacy. Perception of complementary medicine and adherence to treatment were found to predict 41.9% (p = 0.001) self-efficacy. These findings underscore the potential of complementary therapies in enhancing self-efficacy levels, and highlight the importance of holistic healthcare approaches in managing chronic conditions. Further research is needed to better understand these relationships and their implications for healthcare outcomes in Mexico and beyond.
RESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: Las condiciones crónicas aumentan con la vejez y con ello el impacto en el desempeño físico, entendiéndose como la capacidad del desarrollo de movimientos como la marcha, fuerza de extremidades, flexibilidad y equilibrio. OBJETIVO: determinar la relación entre el desempeño físico con las condiciones crónicas padecidas en el Adulto Mayor (AM). MÉTODO: descriptivo, correlacional, transversal, con una muestra de 124 adultos mayores. Se aplicó una cédula de datos sociodemográficos y clínicos, así como la prueba corta de desempeño físico (SPPB), posteriormente se analizó con estadística descriptiva e inferencial con SPPS V 22. RESULTADOS: La muestra estuvo constituida por 71,8% de mujeres y 28,2% hombres; la edad media fue de 69,44 años, así mismo el 14,51% solo padecen DT2, el 42,74% HTA y el 13,7% tiene ambas patologías. En el desempeño físico se obtuvo una puntuación x=9,16 y una DE=2,10, teniendo un desempeño deficiente en el 20,2%. Se halló correlación negativa entre la cantidad de puntos obtenidos del SPPB con edad (r=-0,331, p=0,000), años de diagnóstico de HTA (r=-0,217 p=0,015) y cantidad de patologías (r=-0,218, p=0,015), CONCLUSIÓN: las enfermedades crónicas disminuyen gradualmente la media de los componentes del desempeño físico, por lo que permite establecer evidencia para la elaboración de programas que mejoren los componentes y evitar discapacidades en el adulto mayor.
INTRODUCTION: Chronic conditions increase with old age and with it the impact on physical performance, understood as the capacity of the development of movements such as walking, limb strength, flexibility and balance. OBJECTIVE: determine the relationship between physical performance and Chronicles conditions suffered in the Elderly. METHOD: descriptive, correlational, transversal, with a sample of 124 older adults. A sociodemographic and clinical data card was applied, as well as the short physical performance test (SPPB), later it was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics with SPPS V 22. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 71.8% of women and 28.2% men, the average age was 69.44 years, as well as 14.51% only have Type 2 Diabetes, 42.74% arterial Hypertension, 13.7% have both diseases. In the physical performance a score of x = 9.16 and an SD = 2.10 was obtained, having a deficient performance in 20.2%. A negative correlation was found between the number of points obtained from SPPB with age (r = -. 331, p = .000), years of diagnosis of arterial hypertension (r = -0.217 p = .015) and number of pathologies (r = -.218, p = .015). CONCLUSION: chronic diseases gradually reduce the average of the components of physical performance, thus allowing to establish evidence for the development of programs that improve the components and avoid disabilities in the elderly.
