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1.
Gac Med Mex ; 156(3): 217-223, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32539021

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Cardiotoxicity is an adverse reaction associated with the use of anthracyclines. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the factors associated with the development of anthracycline cardiotoxicity in pediatric patients surviving cancer. METHOD: Retro-prolective cohort of children diagnosed with cancer and treated with anthracyclines. Baseline echocardiographic determination of ejection fraction (LVEF0) was carried out before the start of treatment and again at 12 months (LVEF1). Demographic characteristics and treatment were obtained from the medical record. A multiple logistic regression (MLR) model was constructed; LVEF1 < 50 % was the dependent variable, which was adjusted for the main confounding variables. RESULTS: Sixty-five patients were included, out of which 36.9 % were females and 56.8 % had a solid tumor. LVEF0 was 74.79 ± 7.3 % and LVEF1, 67.96 ± 6.7 % (p = 0.001); 60 % developed cardiotoxicity. In the MLR, only a cumulative dose > 430 mg was associated with cardiotoxicity (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In Mexican children, an anthracycline cumulative dose > 430 mg should be avoided in order to prevent cardiotoxicity.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La cardiotoxicidad es una reacción adversa asociada al uso de antraciclinas. OBJETIVO: Estimar los factores asociados al desarrollo de cardiotoxicidad por antraciclinas en pacientes pediátricos supervivientes de cáncer. MÉTODO: Cohorte retroprolectiva de niños con diagnóstico de cáncer tratados con antraciclinas. Se realizó determinación ecocardiográfica basal de la fracción de expulsión (FEVi0) antes del inicio del tratamiento y a los 12 meses (FEVi1). Del expediente se obtuvieron las características demográficas y el tratamiento. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple (RLM); la FEVi1 < 50 % fue la variable dependiente, que se ajustó por las principales variables confusoras. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 65 pacientes, 36.9 % fue del sexo femenino y 56.8 % presentó un tumor sólido. La FEVi0 fue de 74.79 ± 7.3 % y la FEVi1, de 67.96 ± 6.7 % (p = 0.001); 60 % desarrolló cardiotoxicidad. En la RLM solo la dosis acumulada > 430 mg se asoció a cardiotoxicidad (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONES: En los niños mexicanos se debe evitar una dosis acumulada > 430 mg de antraciclinas para evitar la cardiotoxicidad.


Assuntos
Antraciclinas/efeitos adversos , Cardiotoxicidade/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Antraciclinas/administração & dosagem , Sobreviventes de Câncer , Cardiotoxicidade/etiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Fatores de Risco , Volume Sistólico , Função Ventricular Esquerda
2.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 156(3): 218-224, may.-jun. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1249897

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: La cardiotoxicidad es una reacción adversa asociada al uso de antraciclinas. Objetivo: Estimar los factores asociados al desarrollo de cardiotoxicidad por antraciclinas en pacientes pediátricos supervivientes de cáncer. Método: Cohorte retroprolectiva de niños con diagnóstico de cáncer tratados con antraciclinas. Se realizó determinación ecocardiográfica basal de la fracción de expulsión (FEVi0) antes del inicio del tratamiento y a los 12 meses (FEVi1). Del expediente se obtuvieron las características demográficas y el tratamiento. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística múltiple (RLM); la FEVi1 < 50 % fue la variable dependiente, que se ajustó por las principales variables confusoras. Resultados: Se incluyeron 65 pacientes, 36.9 % fue del sexo femenino y 56.8 % presentó un tumor sólido. La FEVi0 fue de 74.79 ± 7.3 % y la FEVi1, de 67.96 ± 6.7 % (p = 0.001); 60 % desarrolló cardiotoxicidad. En la RLM solo la dosis acumulada > 430 mg se asoció a cardiotoxicidad (p = 0.001). Conclusiones: En los niños mexicanos se debe evitar una dosis acumulada > 430 mg de antraciclinas para evitar la cardiotoxicidad.


Abstract Introduction Cardiotoxicity is an adverse reaction associated with the use of anthracyclines. Objective: To estimate the factors associated with the development of anthracycline cardiotoxicity in pediatric patients surviving cancer. Method: Retro-prolective cohort of children diagnosed with cancer and treated with anthracyclines. Baseline echocardiographic determination of ejection fraction (LVEF0) was carried out before the start of treatment and again at 12 months (LVEF1). Demographic characteristics and treatment were obtained from the medical record. A multiple logistic regression (MLR) model was constructed; LVEF1 < 50 % was the dependent variable, which was adjusted for the main confounding variables. Results: Sixty-five patients were included, out of which 36.9 % were females and 56.8 % had a solid tumor. LVEF0 was 74.79 ± 7.3 % and LVEF1, 67.96 ± 6.7 % (p = 0.001); 60 % developed cardiotoxicity. In the MLR, only a cumulative dose > 430 mg was associated with cardiotoxicity (p = 0.001). Conclusions: In Mexican children, an anthracycline cumulative dose > 430 mg should be avoided in order to prevent cardiotoxicity.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Antraciclinas/efeitos adversos , Cardiotoxicidade/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Volume Sistólico , Fatores de Risco , Estudos de Coortes , Função Ventricular Esquerda , Antraciclinas/administração & dosagem , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Cardiotoxicidade/etiologia , Sobreviventes de Câncer , México
3.
Endocrine ; 63(3): 573-581, 2019 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30361972

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Given the lipolytic effect of GH and its potential role in determining adipose tissue distribution, we evaluated the expression of the GH hormone receptor (GHR) isoforms in patients with morbid obesity seeking associations with metabolic parameters. METHODS: 262 morbidly obese subjects (mean age 42.5 ± 11 years, 75% women) underwent PCR-genotyping of the exon 3 GHR polymorphism. In 17 of these subjects, who proved to be heterozygous for the exon 3 genotype (+3/-3), subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue was obtained during bariatric surgery; total RNA was extracted, reversely transcribed, and the different isoforms of the GHR (exon 3 containing and lacking flGHR as well as the trGHR) were PCR-amplified using specific primers. RESULTS: 27% were +3/+3 homozygous, 20% -3/-3 homozygous and 53% were +3/-3 heterozygous. Compared to subjects homozygous for the +3 genotype, homozygous and heterozygous carriers of the -3 genotype were significantly heavier and tended to have a higher HOMA 2-IR. Expression of the flGHR and trGHR mRNA was demonstrated in all evaluated samples of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue from the 17 patients. The exon 3+ isoform was expressed in all adipose tissue samples, whereas only six subjects expressed the 3- isoform as well. The only distinctive feature of these six patients was a higher HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: The heterozygous GHR +3/-3 genotype is more prevalent in subjects with morbid obesity. Patients expressing the exon +3 and exon -3 isoforms in adipose tissue had a higher HbA1c, than those expressing only the exon -3 isoform.


Assuntos
Obesidade Mórbida/metabolismo , Receptores da Somatotropina/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Isoformas de Proteínas/genética , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Receptores da Somatotropina/genética
4.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 54(3): 404-8, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27100990

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Anthracyclines are effective drugs in pediatrics cancer treatment. However, anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) is a serious adverse drug reaction that affects the survival in patients treated for childhood cancer. CLINICAL CASES: Case 1: Nine-year-old girl with stage IV Hodgkin lymphoma with 12 epirubicin doses and a cumulative dose of 576 mg/m2. After last chemotherapy dose, the patient was admitted with systemic inflammatory response, asthenia and adinamia. Echocardiography: LVEF of 22%, SF 11% and moderate mitral regurgitation. Patient died 2 days after diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to anthracyclines. Case 2: Fifteen-year-old girl with stage IV Burkitt lymphoma with two epirubicin doses and a cumulative dose of 90 mg/m2. After the last cycle, the patient developed several infectious foci. Echocardiography: LVEF of 49%, SF 20% and dilated left ventricle with septal flattening. Patient died 13 days after diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy by anthracyclines. CONCLUSION: AIC is a problem in pediatric patients receiving anthracyclines, monitoring is essential to detect the onset of cardiac damage to provide an intervention to prevent heart failure progress.


Introducción: las antraciclinas son fármacos eficaces en el tratamiento de pacientes pediátricos con cáncer. Sin embargo, la cardiotoxicidad inducida por antraciclinas (CIA) es una reacción adversa grave que afecta la sobrevida de niños y jóvenes. Casos clínicos: el caso 1 estuvo constituido por una paciente de nueve años con linfoma de Hodgkin estadio IV con 12 ciclos de quimioterapia con epirrubicina y una dosis acumulada de 576 mg/m2. Después del último ciclo de quimioterapia, la paciente ingresó con respuesta inflamatoria sistémica, astenia y adinamia. El ecocardiograma reportó una FEVI de 22 %, FA de 11 % e insuficiencia mitral moderada. La paciente falleció dos días después con diagnóstico de cardiomiopatía dilatada secundaria a antraciclinas. El caso 2 fue el de una paciente de 15 años con linfoma no Hodgkin tipo Burkitt estadio IV, con dos ciclos de quimioterapia con epirrubicina y una dosis acumulada de 90 mg/m2. Después del último ciclo, la paciente presentó diversos focos infecciosos. El ecocardiograma reportó una FEVI de 49 %, una FA de 20 % y dilatación del ventrículo izquierdo con aplanamiento septal. La paciente falleció 13 días después del diagnóstico de cardiomiopatía dilatada por antraciclinas. Conclusión: la CIA es un problema en los pacientes pediátricos que reciben antraciclinas. El monitoreo durante y después de la quimioterapia es indispensable para detectar el inicio del daño cardiaco a fin de brindar una intervención oportuna que evite la evolución a una insuficiencia cardiaca.


Assuntos
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/induzido quimicamente , Epirubicina/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/diagnóstico , Cardiotoxicidade , Criança , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos
5.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 54(1): 128-36, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26820215

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia is an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Therefore, our aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of outpatient treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. METHODS: We systematically reviewed randomized clinical trials evaluating efficacy and safety of outpatient treatment (OPT) compared with inpatient treatment (IPT) of community-acquired pneumonia in patients without added co-morbidity. Relative Risk (RR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) were calculated. RESULTS: From 4088 reviewed articles, two articles were included for meta-analysis, including 2324 patients. One study was conducted in adults, and the other was carried out in pediatric patients. Treatment setting was not significantly associated with treatment failure (RR 0.84 [95% CI 0.68, 1.02]). Death occurred in 6 of 2324 with no difference between the two groups (RR 0.56 [95 % CI 0.12-2.61]). Finally, no differences were seen in hospital readmission between groups (RR 0.82 [95 % CI 0.52-1.30]). CONCLUSION: Evidence shows that treatment setting of community-acquired pneumonia is not statistically associated with treatment failure or mortality.


Introducción: La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) es un problema serio de salud a nivel mundial. El objetivo es evaluar la eficacia y la seguridad del tratamiento ambulatorio de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática y un metaaanálisis de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que evaluaran la eficacia y la seguridad del tratamiento ambulatorio (TA) comparado con el hospitalario (TH) de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad, en pacientes sin comorbilidad agregada. Se calcularon riesgos relativos (RR) e intervalos de confianza al 95 % (IC 95 %). Resultados: Se identificaron 4088 títulos, solo dos artículos fueron incluidos en el metaanálisis, uno realizado en adultos y el otro en población pediátrica. Se incluyeron 2324 pacientes. El TA presentó menos fallas que el TH ( TA 12.6 frente a TH 15.21 %, RR 0.84 [IC 95% 0.68-1.02]). En relación con la seguridad se presentaron dos defunciones (0.17 %) en el TA y cuatro en el TH (0.34 %) (RR 0.56 [IC 95 % 0.12-2.61]). Finalmente, tampoco encontramos diferencia en la readmisión hospitalaria entre los grupos (RR 0.82 [IC 95 % 0.52-1.30]). Conclusión: la evidencia muestra que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el tratamiento ambulatorio y el tratamiento hospitalario de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad.


Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial , Pneumonia/terapia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/mortalidade , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/terapia , Humanos , Pneumonia/mortalidade , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Can Urol Assoc J ; 9(3-4): E142-4, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25844102

RESUMO

Bladder agenesis is an extremely rare entity. A 12-year-old female patient presented with urinary incontinence, recurrent urinary tract infections, visible vaginal introitus and urethra, and two holes at the vulvar vestibule. An investigation revealed bladder agenesis. Surgery confirmed the absence of bladder, and ileal reservoir in omega (Ω) was performed with continent diversion. At the 30-month follow-up, there was no complication in clean intermittent catheterization.

7.
Cir Cir ; 82(2): 157-62, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25312314

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital malformations. Few studies have explored the association of age at time of surgery and the occurrence of complications after hypospadias repair. OBJECTIVE: Determine whether age at hypospadias repair is a risk factor for development of complications. METHODS: Retrospective cohort of patients with hypospadias repair in one surgical time. The data included: age, type of hypospadias, surgical technique and complications presented. The monitoring was conducted for six months after the surgery. Patients were classified according to age group A less than 24 months, group B from 24 to 48 months and group C over 48 months. We calculated the relative risk and confidence intervals of 95%. RESULTS: 170 patients were included in the analysis. The incidence of complications was 24.1%, the most frequent complication was urethrocutaneous fistula (52.2%). The median age in months of the complication group was 40.8 (6-196), whereas in the group without complications was 37.5 (6-196). Age was not associated with an increased risk for complications, group B (RR= 0.975 [95% CI 0.374-2.547]), and group C (RR= 0.966 [95% CI 0.386-2.416]) when compared with group A. CONCLUSIONS: Age at time of surgery for hypospadias correction in one phase is not associated with complications.


Antecedentes: el hipospadias es una de las malformaciones congénitas más comunes. Pocos estudios han explorado la asociación de la edad al momento de la cirugía y las complicaciones. Objetivo: determinar si la edad al momento de la corrección del hipospadias es un factor de riesgo de complicaciones. Material y métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes con reparación del hipospadias en un tiempo quirúrgico. Los datos incluyeron: edad, tipo de hipospadias, técnica quirúrgica y complicaciones. El seguimiento se efectuó incluso seis meses después de la cirugía. Los pacientes se clasificaron según su edad: el grupo A menores de 24 meses, grupo B de 24 a 48 meses y el grupo C mayores de 48 meses. Se calculó el riesgo relativo y los intervalos de confianza de 95%. Resultados: se analizaron los expedientes de 170 pacientes. La incidencia de complicaciones fue de 24.1%, la más frecuente fue la fistula uretrocutánea (52.2%). La mediana de edad en meses del grupo con complicación fue: 40.8 (6-196), mientras que en el grupo sin complicación fue: 37.5 (6-196). La edad no se asoció con mayor riesgo de complicaciones, grupo B (RR= 0.975 [IC 95% 0.374-2.547]); y el grupo C (RR= 0.966 [IC 95% 0.386-2.416]) al compararla con el grupo A. Conclusiones: la edad al momento de la corrección del hipospadias en un tiempo quirúrgico no se asocia con complicaciones quirúrgicas.


Assuntos
Hipospadia/cirurgia , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Intervalos de Confiança , Fístula Cutânea/epidemiologia , Fístula Cutânea/etiologia , Humanos , Hipospadia/classificação , Incidência , Lactente , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Risco , Deiscência da Ferida Operatória/epidemiologia , Doenças Uretrais/epidemiologia , Doenças Uretrais/etiologia , Estreitamento Uretral/epidemiologia , Estreitamento Uretral/etiologia , Fístula Urinária/epidemiologia , Fístula Urinária/etiologia
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