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1.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 94(4)dic. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441811

RESUMO

Introducción: El épulis congénito es un tumor benigno muy poco frecuente de etiología desconocida. Se presenta principalmente en la cresta del reborde alveolar, cerca de la región canina. Su tamaño es variable y puede llegar a ocupar toda la cavidad oral. La prevalencia es mayor en el maxilar superior y en el sexo femenino. Objetivo: Examinar la literatura en relación con el diagnóstico y tratamiento del épulis congénito a propósito de la presentación de un caso clínico poco frecuente. Presentación del caso: Paciente femenina, de 5 días de vida, que ingresa con aumento de volumen polilobulado, de 1 cm de diámetro, ubicado en reborde alveolar superior izquierdo, rojizo, de consistencia firme, base pediculada, que ocasionaba dificultades en la alimentación. No se identificaron otras alteraciones. Por la clínica y la naturaleza congénita de la entidad se planteó el diagnóstico de épulis congénito y se realizó la excéresis quirúrgica bajo anestesia general. El diagnóstico histopatológico se correlacionó con los hallazgos clínicos y reveló épulis congénito. Conclusiones: El épulis congénito es un tumor benigno muy poco frecuente. No existe consenso entre los autores en relación con su patogenia e histogénesis. El tratamiento indicado es la excéresis quirúrgica en el momento del nacimiento, principalmente cuando interfiere en la alimentación y la respiración. El diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento oportuno eliminan completamente la lesión y las complicaciones asociadas a este tumor.


Introduction: Congenital epulis is a very rare benign tumor of unknown etiology. It occurs mainly on the crest of the alveolar ridge, near the canine region. Its size is variable and can occupy the entire oral cavity. The prevalence is higher in the upper jaw and in the female sex. Objective: To examine the literature related to the diagnosis and treatment of congenital epulis regarding the presentation of a rare clinical case. Presentation of the case: Female patient, 5 days old, who is admitted with an increase in polylobed volume, 1 cm in diameter, located in the left upper alveolar ridge, reddish, of firm consistency, pediculate base, which caused difficulties in feeding. No other alterations were identified. Due to the clinical and congenital nature of the entity, the diagnosis of congenital epulis was stated and surgical exeresis was performed under general anesthesia. Histopathological diagnosis was correlated with clinical findings and revealed congenital epulis. Conclusions: Congenital epulis is a very rare benign tumor. There is no consensus among the authors regarding its pathogenesis and histogenesis. The indicated treatment is surgical exeresis at the time of birth, mainly when it interferes with feeding and breathing. Early diagnosis and timely treatment completely eliminate the lesion and complications associated with this tumor.

2.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 94(2)jun. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409136

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: Los quistes dentígeros o foliculares, son quistes odontogénicos de origen epitelial. El quiste dentígero es el más común después del quiste radicular. Siempre está asociado con la corona de un diente en desarrollo, no erupcionado o retenido. Existen muy pocas publicaciones de quistes dentígeros múltiples en la edad pediátrica, y generalmente se presentan solo en la mandíbula. Objetivo: Exponer un caso clínico poco frecuente. Presentación del caso: Se presenta un paciente masculino de 6 años de edad. Clínicamente se observó una tumefacción no dolorosa relacionada con los primeros molares permanentes mandibulares no erupcionados. Radiográficamente presentó un área radiolúcida unilocular relacionada con la corona de 36 y 46 y la cortical ósea preservada. Se realizó la enucleación de ambos procesos quísticos. El diagnóstico inicial dado con los hallazgos clínicos y radiográficos se confirmó mediante el estudio histopatológico, el cual reveló quistes dentígeros. Conclusiones: La ausencia clínica de dientes permanentes en el paciente pediátrico debe ser estudiada radiográficamente para descartar la presencia de lesiones quísticas, como el caso clínico presentado, ya que es una de las causas más comunes en esta población. La completa remoción del quiste dentígero junto con el diente involucrado prevé la recidiva y la posible formación de otras lesiones de comportamiento más agresivo.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Dentigerous or follicular cysts are odontogenic cysts of epithelial origin. The dentigerous cyst is the most common after the root cyst. It is always associated with the crown of a developing, unerupted or retained tooth. There are very few publications of multiple tooth cysts in pediatric age, and they usually occur only in the jaw. Objective: Present a rare clinical case in pediatric ages. Case Presentation: A 6-year-old male patient is presented. Clinically, a non-painful swelling related to the first non-erupted mandibular permanent molars was observed. Radiographically, he presented a unilocular radiolucent area related to the crown of 36 and 46 and the bone cortical was preserved. The enucleation of both cystic processes was performed. The initial diagnosis given with the clinical and radiographic findings was confirmed by histopathological study, which revealed dentigenous cysts. Conclusions: The clinical absence of permanent teeth in the pediatric patient should be studied radiographically to rule out the presence of cystic lesions, such as the clinical case presented, since it is one of the most common causes in this population. Complete removal of the tooth cyst along with the tooth involved foresees recurrence and the possible formation of other lesions of more aggressive behavior.

3.
Curr Oncol ; 29(3): 1744-1760, 2022 03 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35323344

RESUMO

Frailty syndrome is associated with poor outcomes, morbidity and premature mortality. We performed a cross-sectional study to evaluate the presence of frailty syndrome based on Fried's frailty phenotype in post-menopausal women with breast cancer. We further analyzed the association between frailty syndrome with geriatric assessments and the association with the concentration of gonadotropins LH and FSH, estrogens, androgens and the aromatase activity index in the blood. We enrolled 47 post-menopausal women with localized breast cancer (mean age 66.8 ± 1.3 years (range 52−83)) prior to the starting of adjuvant endocrine therapy. Patients were identified as "non-frail" (robust) or "prefrail/frail" if they fulfilled at least one frailty criteria. In order to determine associations among variables and to control for other variables potentially affecting frailty syndrome (age, comorbidity index and previous chemotherapy treatment), we performed a logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the hormonal concentration to discriminate prefrail/frail versus non-frail individuals. Significant positive associations were observed between the severity of frailty syndrome and estrone, FSH and LH concentrations and the aromatase activity index in the blood (p < 0.05). Further research into the role of hormonal biomarkers should be evaluated in follow-up studies in order to recommend their use as suitable biomarkers of frailty syndrome in breast cancer patients.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Fragilidade , Idoso , Aromatase , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Transversais , Estrona , Feminino , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante , Idoso Fragilizado , Gonadotropinas , Humanos , Pós-Menopausa
4.
Edumecentro ; 13(3): 426-430, jul.-sept. 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, MOSAICO - Saúde integrativa | ID: biblio-1283607

RESUMO

Las enfermedades respiratorias infecciosas afectan con frecuencia a los pacientes que acuden a consultas; constituyen una de las más incapacitantes e incluso, si no se atienden adecuadamente generan una evolución tórpida y pueden comprometer la vida del paciente. En su tratamiento se emplean medicamentos alopáticos, así como modalidades terapéuticas de medicina natural y tradicional. Teniendo en cuenta el desarrollo de la homeopatía en Cuba en los últimos años, se propone como objetivo enfatizar en la importancia de la superación por parte de los profesionales de la salud en el uso de esta modalidad terapéutica, a fin de utilizarla en los diferentes niveles de atención por su pertinencia en tiempos de pandemia.


Infectious respiratory diseases frequently affect patients who attend consultations; they constitute one of the most incapacitating and even, if they are not taken care properly they generate a torpid evolution and can jeopardize the life of the patient. In its treatment allopathic medications are used, as well as therapeutic modalities of herbal and folk medicine. Taking into account the development of homeopathy in Cuba in recent years, it is proposed as an objective to emphasize the importance of improvement by health professionals in the use of this therapeutic modality, in order to use it at different levels of care for its relevance in times of pandemic.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Homeopatia , Doenças Respiratórias , Cuba , Medicina Tradicional
5.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 23(89): 79-81, ene.-mar. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-202618

RESUMO

La metahemoglobinemia es un síndrome clínico que se produce por la oxidación del hierro de la hemoglobina impidiendo su adecuada unión al oxígeno, de forma que existe dificultad por parte de los glóbulos rojos tanto para captar el oxígeno, como para cederlo a los tejidos ocasionando hipoxia tisular. Describimos el caso de una paciente que presentó síntomas neurológicos y metahemoglobinemia como reacción adversa por contacto con crema de anestésico tópico (EMLA)


Methemoglobinemia is a clinical syndrome secondary to the oxidation of iron in hemoglobin, preventing its adequate binding to oxygen. Subsequently, red blood cells are unable to appropriately capture oxygen and deliver it to the tissues, causing hypoxia. We describe a case of a patient who presented neurological symptoms in the context of methemoglobinemia as an adverse reaction to the administration of EMLA


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Metemoglobinemia/diagnóstico , Metemoglobinemia/induzido quimicamente , Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Combinação Lidocaína e Prilocaína/efeitos adversos , Metemoglobinemia/terapia , Anestesia Local/efeitos adversos , Cianose/complicações , Gasometria/métodos , Azul de Metileno/uso terapêutico
6.
Edumecentro ; 8(supl.1): 5-17, feb. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-775021

RESUMO

Fundamento: la Medicina Natural y Tradicional constituye un método eficaz e inocuo que enriquece el arsenal terapéutico de la medicina occidental. Objetivo: diseñar acciones metodológicas para la incorporación de los contenidos de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en la asignatura Medicina Interna. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo con enfoque cualitativo en el Hospital Universitario "Arnaldo Milián Castro", en los meses de abril a junio de 2013, con estudiantes de tercer año de la carrera de Medicina; se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico: análisis-síntesis e inducción-deducción y empíricos: el análisis documental, la observación, y la encuesta en forma de entrevista. Resultados: a través de la revisión del Plan de Estudio de la asignatura Medicina Interna de 3er año, la observación a actividades y la entrevista a los docentes, se constató que el nivel de integración de sus contenidos con la Medicina Natural y Tradicional aún no es el deseado, es insuficiente el tratamiento metodológico realizado para la implementación de esta estrategia curricular. Sobre la base de los resultados anteriores se diseñaron acciones metodológicas para integrar sus contenidos en el tratamiento de algunas de las enfermedades que contempla la asignatura Medicina Interna. Conclusiones: las acciones diseñadas permiten la integración de los contenidos y fueron valoradas como efectivas por su metodología, pertinencia, factibilidad y relevancia.


Background: the Herbal and Folk Medicine constitutes an effective and innocuous method that enriches the therapeutic arsenal of the western medicine. Objective: to design methodological actions for the incorporation of the contents of Herbal and Folk Medicine to the subject Internal Medicine. Methods: it was carried out a development investigation within the qualitative approach in the University Hospital "Arnaldo Milián Castro", from April to June 2013, with students of third year of the Medicine career; methods of the theoretical level were used: analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction and empiric ones: the documental analysis, the observation, and the survey in interview form. Results: through the revision of the Study Plan of the Internal Medicine subject in the 3rd year of the career, the observation to activities and the interview to the professors, it was verified that the level of integration of its contents with the Herbal and Folk Medicine is not still the one desired, it is insufficient the methodological treatment carried out for the implementation of this curricular strategy. On the base of the previous results, methodological actions were designed to integrate their contents in the treatment of some of the diseases that contemplates the Internal Medicine discipline. Conclusions: the designed actions allow the integration of the contents and they were valued as effective by their methodology, relevancy, feasibility and relevance.


Assuntos
Inclusão Escolar , Currículo , Educação Médica , Medicina Interna , Medicina Tradicional
7.
Edumecentro ; 8(supl.1): 31-45, feb. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-775023

RESUMO

Fundamento: es preciso elevar los indicadores medibles de la actividad investigativa en Medicina Natural y Tradicional, según los parámetros a evaluar en los controles del Ministerio de Salud Pública, para potenciar el desarrollo científico en esta especialidad. Objetivo: diseñar una estrategia para el desarrollo de la actividad investigativa de la Cátedra de Medicina Natural y Tradicional en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara. Métodos: se realizó una investigación con enfoque cualitativo en el período comprendido de septiembre 2013 a marzo 2014, se utilizaron métodos teóricos: el histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis, inducción-deducción y empíricos: análisis documental, la observación participante y el grupo nominal. Resultados: se constató que existen insuficientes investigaciones en la Cátedra de Medicina Natural y Tradicional debido a que los indicadores a evaluar en este sentido están por debajo de los valores establecidos por el Ministerio de Salud Pública, por lo que se elaboró una estrategia para incrementar las investigaciones, que define el objetivo, las líneas y sus coordinadores, brinda orientaciones generales y establece un plan de acciones concebidas con enfoque sistémico, dirigida a fortalecer el desarrollo de la especialidad. Conclusiones: la estrategia propuesta fue aceptada debido a que el producto diseñado posee una adecuada estructura y resulta pertinente, útil y factible su implementación.


Background: it is necessary to elevate the appraisable indicators of the researching activity in Herbal and Folk Medicine, according to the parameters to evaluate in the controls of the Ministry of Public Health, to foster the scientific development in this specialty. Objective: to design a strategy for the development of the researching activity of the Herbal and Folk Medicine professorship in Villa Clara University of Medical Sciences. Methods: it was carried out an investigation within the qualitative approach in the period from September 2013 to March 2014, theoretical methods were used: the historical-logical, analysis-synthesis, induction-deduction and empiric ones: documental analysis, the participant observation and the nominal group. Results: it was verified that there aren't enough research works in the herbal and folk Medicine Professorship because the indicators to be evaluated are below the values settled down by the Ministry of Public Health, that's why a strategy was elaborated to increase the investigations, it defines the objective, the guidelines and their coordinators, it offers general orientations and it establishes a plan of actions conceived with systemic approach, headed to strengthen the development of the specialty. Conclusions: the proposed strategy was accepted because the designed product possesses an appropriate structure and its implementation is pertinent, useful and feasible.


Assuntos
Pesquisa , Estratégias de Saúde , Educação Médica , Medicina Tradicional
8.
Edumecentro ; 8(1 Supl)ene.-mar, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-66479

RESUMO

Fundamento: es preciso elevar los indicadores medibles de la actividad investigativa en Medicina Natural y Tradicional, según los parámetros a evaluar en los controles del Ministerio de Salud Pública, para potenciar el desarrollo científico en esta especialidad. Objetivo: diseñar una estrategia para el desarrollo de la actividad investigativa de la Cátedra de Medicina Natural y Tradicional en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de VillaClara. Métodos: se realizó una investigación con enfoque cualitativo en el período comprendido deseptiembre 2013 a marzo 2014, se utilizaron métodos teóricos: el histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis, inducción-deducción y empíricos: análisis documental, la observación participante y el grupo nominal.Resultados: se constató que existen insuficientes investigaciones en la Cátedra de Medicina Natural y Tradicional debido a que los indicadores a evaluar en este sentido están por debajo de los valores establecidos por el Ministerio de Salud Pública, por lo que se elaboró unaestrategia para incrementar las investigaciones, que define el objetivo, las líneas y sus coordinadores, brinda orientaciones generales y establece un plan de acciones concebidas con enfoque sistémico, dirigida a fortalecer el desarrollo de la especialidad.Conclusiones: la estrategia propuesta fue aceptada debido a que el producto diseñado posee una adecuada estructura y resulta pertinente, útil y factible su implementación(AU)


Assuntos
Estratégias de Saúde , Pesquisa , Medicina Tradicional , Educação Médica
9.
Edumecentro ; 8(1 Supl)ene.-mar, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-66477

RESUMO

Fundamento: la Medicina Natural y Tradicional constituye un método eficaz e inocuo que enriquece el arsenal terapéutico de la medicina occidental.Objetivo: diseñar acciones metodológicas para la incorporación de los contenidos de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en la asignatura Medicina Interna. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo con enfoque cualitativo en el Hospital Universitario Arnaldo Milián Castro, en los meses de abril a junio de 2013, con estudiantesde tercer año de la carrera de Medicina; se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico: análisis-síntesis e inducción-deducción y empíricos: el análisis documental, la observación, y laencuesta en forma de entrevista.Resultados: a través de la revisión del Plan de Estudio de la asignatura Medicina Interna de 3er año, la observación a actividades y la entrevista a los docentes, se constató que el nivel de integración de sus contenidos con la Medicina Natural y Tradicional aún no es el deseado,es insuficiente el tratamiento metodológico realizado para la implementación de esta estrategia curricular. Sobre la base de los resultados anteriores se diseñaron acciones metodológicas para integrar sus contenidos en el tratamiento de algunas de las enfermedades que contempla la asignatura Medicina Interna. Conclusiones: las acciones diseñadas permiten la integración de los contenidos y fueron valoradas como efectivas por su metodología, pertinencia, factibilidad y relevancia(AU)


Assuntos
Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Medicina Interna , Medicina Tradicional , Educação Médica
10.
Plant Physiol Biochem ; 90: 64-74, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25813343

RESUMO

Studies have shown that some microorganisms autochthonous from stressful environments are beneficial when used with autochthonous plants, but these microorganisms rarely have been tested with allochthonous plants of agronomic interest. This study investigates the effectiveness of drought-adapted autochthonous microorganisms [Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and a consortium of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi] from a degraded Mediterranean area to improve plant growth and physiology in Zea mays under drought stress. Maize plants were inoculated or not with B. thuringiensis, a consortium of AM fungi or a combination of both microorganisms. Plants were cultivated under well-watered conditions or subjected to drought stress. Several physiological parameters were measured, including among others, plant growth, photosynthetic efficiency, nutrients content, oxidative damage to lipids, accumulation of proline and antioxidant compounds, root hydraulic conductivity and the expression of plant aquaporin genes. Under drought conditions, the inoculation of Bt increased significantly the accumulation of nutrients. The combined inoculation of both microorganisms decreased the oxidative damage to lipids and accumulation of proline induced by drought. Several maize aquaporins able to transport water, CO2 and other compounds were regulated by the microbial inoculants. The impact of these microorganisms on plant drought tolerance was complementary, since Bt increased mainly plant nutrition and AM fungi were more active improving stress tolerance/homeostatic mechanisms, including regulation of plant aquaporins with several putative physiological functions. Thus, the use of autochthonous beneficial microorganisms from a degraded Mediterranean area is useful to protect not only native plants against drought, but also an agronomically important plant such as maize.


Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica , Bacillus thuringiensis , Secas , Fungos , Micorrizas , Estresse Fisiológico , Zea mays/microbiologia , Aquaporinas/metabolismo , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Produtos Agrícolas/metabolismo , Produtos Agrícolas/microbiologia , Região do Mediterrâneo , Simbiose , Água/metabolismo , Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Zea mays/metabolismo
11.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry ; 83(11): 1104-10, 2012 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22930814

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chronic stress is associated with cardiovascular diseases, but the link with stroke has not been well established. Stress is influenced by life-style habits, personality type and anxiety levels. We sought to evaluate psycho-physical stress as a risk factor for stroke, while assessing gender influences. METHODS: Case-control study. cases: patients (n=150) aged 18-65, admitted consecutively to our Stroke Unit with the diagnosis of incident stroke. CONTROLS: (n=300) neighbours (paired with case ±5 years) recruited from the census registry. STUDY VARIABLES: socio-demographic characteristics, vascular risk factors, psychophysical scales of H&R (Holmes & Rahe questionnaire of life events), ERCTA (recall scale of type A behaviour), SF12 (QoL scale), GHQ28 (general health questionnaire). Statistical analyses included conditional multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS: Mean age was 53.8 years (SD: 9.3). Compared with controls, and following adjustment for confounding variables, significant associations between stroke and stress were: H&R values >150 OR=3.84 (95% CI 1.91 to 7.70, p<0.001); ERCTA (values >24) OR=2.23 (95% CI 1.19 to 4.18, p=0.012); mental SF12 (values >50) OR=0.73 (95% CI 0.39 to 1.37, p=0.330); psychological SF12 (values >50) OR=0.66 (95% CI 0.33 to 1.30, p=0.229), male gender OR=9.33 (95% CI 4.53 to 19.22, p<0.001), high consumption of energy-providing beverages OR=2.63 (95% CI 1.30 to 5.31, p=0.007), current smoker OR=2.08 (95% CI 1.01 to 4.27, p=0.046), ex-smoker OR=2.35 (95% CI 1.07 to 5.12, p=0.032), cardiac arrhythmia OR=3.18 (95% CI 1.19 to 8.51, p=0.022) and Epworth scale (≥9) OR=2.83 (95% CI 1.03 to 7.78, p=0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with healthy age-matched individuals, stressful habits and type A behaviour are associated with high risk of stroke. This association is not modified by gender.


Assuntos
Estresse Fisiológico , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Caracteres Sexuais , Espanha/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Inquéritos e Questionários
13.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 43(8): 435-439, ago. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-90470

RESUMO

ObjetivoEstudiar las características del consumo de tóxicos entre la población adolescente de Llefià, poder describir las variables que influyen en él para, en un futuro, poder desarrollar nuevas estrategias de prevención.DiseñoSe trata de un estudio cualitativo realizado mediante grupos focales.EmplazamientoABS Badalona-6 (Llefià).ParticipantesSe establecieron cuatro grupos de trabajo: adolescentes de 14-18 años, padres de adolescentes, profesores y sanitarios del ABS Llefià.MétodoSe realizaron reuniones hasta saturación de la información, tras 15 reuniones, con una duración media de una hora. Se procedió a la transcripción de las reuniones y se procesaron los datos mediante el programa “Atlas.ti” realizando etiquetas verbales para segmentar la información y las conclusiones que se deducen del texto, obteniendo un mapa de significados para cada grupo a estudio.ResultadosA través de la información extraída de la opinión de los participantes se han obtenido variables que permiten describir las características, el patrón, el contexto sociofamiliar, la accesibilidad y problemática del consumo, el perfil del consumidor adolescente, los recursos sanitarios disponibles, la información sobre tóxicos y la percepción de su consumo a nivel de los profesionales sanitarios, profesores y padres.ConclusionesLos adolescentes tienen fácil acceso a los tóxicos y existe una gran magnitud del consumo. Los sanitarios manifiestan falta de formación específica y consideran que los recursos disponibles son insuficientes. Se observa una gran permisividad sociofamiliar. Existe la percepción de que la prevención debe orientarse a las familias ya que un buen ambiente sociofamiliar protege del consumo(AU)


ObjectivesTo study the characteristics of drug abuse in the adolescent population of Llefià, in order to be able to develop new prevention strategies.DesignQualitative study by focus groups.EmplacementABS Badalona-6 (Llefià).ParticipantsFour working groups were established: 14-18 year-old teenagers, parents of teenagers, teachers and sanitary professionals on ABS Llefià.MethodGroup meetings took place up to information saturation, achieved after 15 meetings, with an average duration of one hour. The meetings were then transcribed, and data was processed using the “Atlas.ti” program. Verbal labels were given to segment the information and the conclusions that come out of the text, obtaining a map of meanings on each working group.ResultsUsing the information extracted from the opinion of participants, we obtained variables that allowed us to describe the characteristics, pattern, sociofamilial context, accessibility and problematics derived from consumption, the profile of the adolescent consumer, available health resources, information about abuse drugs and the perception of its use on the part of health professionals, teachers and parents.ConclusionsAdolescent have easy access to drugs of abuse and their use is widespread. Health professionals demonstrate a lack of specific training, and complain about insufficient available resources. A great sociofamilial permissiveness is observed. The prevention must be orientated to families, since a good sociofamilial environment protects from drug abuse(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Drogas Ilícitas/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , Relações Familiares , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia
14.
Aten Primaria ; 43(8): 435-9, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21382647

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To study the characteristics of drug abuse in the adolescent population of Llefià, in order to be able to develop new prevention strategies. DESIGN: Qualitative study by focus groups. EMPLACEMENT: ABS Badalona-6 (Llefià). PARTICIPANTS: Four working groups were established: 14-18 year-old teenagers, parents of teenagers, teachers and sanitary professionals on ABS Llefià. METHOD: Group meetings took place up to information saturation, achieved after 15 meetings, with an average duration of one hour. The meetings were then transcribed, and data was processed using the "Atlas.ti" program. Verbal labels were given to segment the information and the conclusions that come out of the text, obtaining a map of meanings on each working group. RESULTS: Using the information extracted from the opinion of participants, we obtained variables that allowed us to describe the characteristics, pattern, sociofamilial context, accessibility and problematics derived from consumption, the profile of the adolescent consumer, available health resources, information about abuse drugs and the perception of its use on the part of health professionals, teachers and parents. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent have easy access to drugs of abuse and their use is widespread. Health professionals demonstrate a lack of specific training, and complain about insufficient available resources. A great sociofamilial permissiveness is observed. The prevention must be orientated to families, since a good sociofamilial environment protects from drug abuse.


Assuntos
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Espanha
15.
Int J Nurs Stud ; 48(8): 952-8, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21295779

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In studies examining vascular risk factors and the effects of stress in stroke patients, information sometimes has to be provided by a close relative. OBJECTIVES: The present study was designed to assess agreement between the information provided by a stroke patient and his/her next-of-kin or other close relative on prior vascular risk factors and situations of psychophysical stress based on a standardized interview within 72 h after stroke. DESIGN: Case-control observational study. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS: All patients with incident stroke aged 18-65 years admitted to our centre were enrolled as cases, and their coinhabiting relatives as controls. The study was conducted from January to June 2008. METHODS: A structured questionnaire about vascular risk factors and psychophysical stress factors were obtained from the participants within 72 h after stroke. Subjects were required to grade themselves or their relatives using validated Spanish versions of the Life Events Stress Scale of Holmes and Rahe, Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire GHQ-28 and the SF-12 Health Survey, as well as the Spanish Type A Behaviour Scale. The questionnaires were self-administered. Cases and controls completed the same questionnaires and which were administered with a time difference of no longer than 24 h between the two groups of subjects. Risk factors were analyzed by determining kappa statistics and interclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Bland-Altman plots were used to examine the scores obtained in graded scales. RESULTS: 25 patients and 25 relatives were recruited. Agreement between cases and controls was good for reported atrial fibrillation, diabetes, alcohol consumption and smoking (range 0.83-1.0). ICC were low for the questionnaires Holmes-Rahe Life Events (0.26; 95%CI: 0.08-0.57), General Health GHQ-28 (0.39; 95%CI: 0.03-0.67) and SF12 Health Survey (0.52; 95%CI: 0.16-0.76 and 0.35; 95%CI: 0.06-0.66), and good for the Type A Behaviour Scale ERCTA (0.62; 95%CI: 0.32-0.81). CONCLUSIONS: The information obtained from family members on patient risk factors could be considered reliable, while that related to psychophysical aspects was not sufficiently reliable for research purposes. Agreement assessments could be useful to avoid misclassification biases.


Assuntos
Psicofísica , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
16.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 46(5): 479-84, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19241655

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare anxiety and depression symptoms between two group patients with neuropathic and nociceptive pain those arrive for first time to a clinic of pain. METHODS: Non-experimental, exploratory and descriptive design. Seventy-eight patients that arrive the first time to a clinic of pain were evaluated; those patients were divided in two groups: neuropathic pain with 44 patients and nociceptive pain with 34 patients. To evaluate anxiety and depression we use the Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), this scale is adapted and validated in Mexico. RESULTS: From the 78 patients in the study, the 76.9% were female and 23.1% were male. The age average was (56.9 +/- 16.8 year-old for neuropathic pain and 63.1 +/- 17.2 year-old for nociceptive pain). The reliability of the scale HAD was evaluated by the Chronbach's alpha analysis with an r = 0.826. There was no significance difference in anxiety and depression between types of pain, but after analyzing all of the patients we found that anxiety was more frequent than depression p < 0.0001. CONCLUSIONS: Independently of the algological diagnosis, patients presented almost the same affective symptoms.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/etiologia , Depressão/etiologia , Dor/complicações , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor/classificação , Dor/etiologia
17.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 46(5): 485-94, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19241656

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In Mexico there are few studies about the psychological characteristics of the person that voluntary and in a complete sense assumes the role of responsible of a patient. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the levels of burden, anxiety and depression of 56 caregivers of patients with chronic pain with the ones of 35 caregivers of terminally ill patients. METHODS: The study was conduced at the Chronic Pain and Palliative Medicine Department of the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán". We used the Spanish version of the Burden Interview and the Informal Primary Caregiver Health Survey. RESULTS: Both groups went over the cut off point of the Burden Scale even though no significative differences between groups were found nor in burden or in anxiety. The caregivers of terminal patients had more depression symptoms and a greater perception of the impact of the care activity in their mood. Positive correlations between burden and depression, depression and anxiety and burden and anxiety were found. CONCLUSIONS: All caregivers reported multiple depression symptoms--greater if they cared terminally ill patients--so, it may suggest that the patient's illness directly influences the depression symptoms of their caregivers. This study can help to develop intervention programs directed to help this population that is the principal support of the patient's treatment.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Cuidadores , Depressão/epidemiologia , Dor , Cuidados Paliativos , Qualidade de Vida , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Manejo da Dor , Inquéritos e Questionários
19.
Medicentro ; 7(4)2003. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-23312

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio explicativo experimental en el Hospital Universitario "Dr. Celestino Hernández Robau" en el período comprendido entre mayo de 2001 y marzo de 2002, con el objetivo de determinar la efectividad de la acupuntura con estimulación manual y eléctrica en la cirugía oftálmica; en los pacientes que fueron operados mediante cirugía mayor electiva empleando la acupuntura como método analgésico, se utilizaron los puntos acupunturales Intestino Grueso 4 y San Jiao 5. Los pacientes se asignaron de forma aleatoria en dos grupos: en el I se empleó la estimulación eléctrica, y en el II la estimulación manual. La analgesia transoperatoria lograda fue buena en 84,0 por ciento del total de la muestra y sólo en 16,0 por ciento ésta fue regular; la analgesia postoperatoria fue buena en 82,0 por ciento y en 18,0 por ciento la misma fue catalogada de regular. Llama la atención que del total de la muestra estudiada, 66,0 por ciento presentó cifras tensionales elevadas con diferencias en ambos grupos, y la incidencia fue superior en el grupo de pacientes que recibió estimulación eléctrica de las agujas, lo que nos llevó a plantear que la estimulación manual fue más efectiva que la electroacupuntura(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Analgesia por Acupuntura , Eletroacupuntura , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Oftalmológicos
20.
Centro méd ; 47(2): 92-99, nov. 2002. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-393049

RESUMO

Nuestro objetivo fue analizar el patrón de sensibillidad del Haemophilus influenzae y Streptococcus pneumoniae en líquido pleural, líquido cefalorraquídeo y Sangre provenientes de menores de 5 años, en diferentes centros asistenciales públicos y privados de la ciudad de Valencia. El estudio fue de tipo no experimental - descriptivo, encontrándose un total de 1701 muestra entre líquido cefalorraquídeo, líquido pleural y sangre, a las cuales se les realizó Gram, cultivo y antibiograma, aislándose en 10 de estas Haemophilus influenzae y en 11 Streptococcus pneumoniae. De las 10 muestras positivas a Hemophilus influenzae, el 100 por ciento fue aislado de líquido cefalorraquídeo. De éstas se encontró 50 por ciento de 1 a 11 meses, de 20 por ciento de 12 a 23 meses y 30 por ciento de 2 a 5 años; 50 por ciento pertenecían al sexo masculino y 50 por ciento al femenino. El 100 por ciento de las cepas fueron sensibles a los antibióticos utilizados. Con relación al neumococo, 63,63 por ciento muestras fueron de líquido cefalorraquídeo, 18,18 por ciento en líquido pleural y 18,18 por ciento en sangre; 9,09 por ciento se encontró en las edades de 0 a 29 días, 27,27 por ciento entre 1 a 11 meses, 27,27 por ciento de 12 a 23 meses y 36,36 por ciento de 2 a 5 años. El 72,72 por ciento en el sexo masculino versus un 27,27 por ciento en el femenino. Se encontró una sensibilidad de 100 por ciento a la ampicilina, ampicilina-sulbactam, cefataxime, impenen, oflaxacina, tetraciclina, vancomicina, rifampicina, teicoplamina y piperazilina-tazobactam, 81,81 por ciento para oxacilina, 66,66 por ciento para azitromicina, eritromicina y ciproxina, 87,5 por ciento para cloranfenicol, 22,22 por ciento para trimetropin-sulfametoxazole, 75 por ciento para levofloxacina y 80 por ciento para clindamicina. Se concluyó que el Haemophilus influenzae fue sensible a todos los antibióticos probados, no existió diferencias con sexo en la aparición de este agente y se presenta principalmente en las edades de 1 a 11 meses, disminuyendo cuando se hace el neumococo el agente infeccioso principal (2-5 años de edad). El neumococo, por su parte predomina en el sexo masculino, la sensibilidad a penicilina fue de 81,81 por ciento y presentó multirresistencia a los antibióticos, sin embargo, sigue siendo a la vancomicina, 100 por ciento sensible


Assuntos
Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Sangue , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Haemophilus influenzae , Pleura , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Venezuela
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