Evolución de indicadores de cuidados tras una intervención de alta precoz en recién nacidos prematuros / Evolution of care indicators after an early discharge intervention in preterm infants

Objetivo: Evaluar la evolución de resultados en salud en recién nacidos prematuros (RNP) incluidos en un programa de alta precoz. Método: Ensayo controlado no aleatorizado con grupo de intervención y grupo control. Se incluyen en el estudio los niños ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Neonatales del Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves de Granada. El grupo intervención son niños ingresados en la Unidad Neonatal clínicamente estables, cuyo domicilio familiar esté situado en un radio de 20 kilómetros de distancia del hospital. Se adelanta dos semanas el alta hospitalaria y se realiza un seguimiento en domicilio por una enfermera experta en cuidados neonatales. El grupo control son niños que no se puedan incluir en seguimiento domiciliario por criterio de distancia al centro hospitalario o por falta de aceptación de la familia, los cuales recibirán la atención habitual hasta el momento del alta. Las variables de estudio son los indicadores de resultado de la Nursing Outcomes Classification. Resultados: Se han encontrado diferencias en evolución de la puntuación de las etiquetas de la Nursing Outcomes Classification en el grupo intervención respecto al grupo control. Conclusiones: El alta precoz de recién nacidos prematuros, seguidos en domicilio por una enfermera experta en cuidados neonatales, es un servicio sanitario que tiene resultados positivos sobre la preparación de los padres en los cuidados del hijo, sobre el conocimiento de recursos sanitarios, en la adaptación al cambio de vida y en el tiempo de lactancia materna. Se comporta como una actuación segura para los niños y beneficiosa para los padres (AU)

Objective: To evaluate the evolution of health outcomes in preterm infants included in an early discharge programme. Method: Controlled, non-randomised trial with an intervention group and a control group children admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves of Granada were included in the study. The intervention group comprised preterm infants admitted to the neonatal unit clinically stable, whose family home was located within 20km. from the hospital. They were discharged two weeks before the established time and a skilled nurse in neonatal care monitored them at home. The control group comprised infants who could not be included in home monitoring due to the distance to the hospital criterion or because their families did not give their consent and who received the usual care until their discharge. The study variables were the outcome indicators of the Nursing Outcomes Classification. Results: Differences were found in the Nursing Outcomes Classification scores in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusions: The early discharge of preterm infants followed up at home by an expert nurse in neonatal care is a health service that achieves results in preparating parents for the care of their child, enabling them to learn about the health services, adapt to their new life, and establish breastfeeding times. It constitutes safe intervention for children and is beneficial to parents (AU)

Evolution of care indicators after an early discharge intervention in preterm infants. / Evolución de indicadores de cuidados tras una intervención de alta precoz en recién nacidos prematuros.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evolution of health outcomes in preterm infants included in an early discharge programme. METHOD: Controlled, non-randomised trial with an intervention group and a control group children admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves of Granada were included in the study. The intervention group comprised preterm infants admitted to the neonatal unit clinically stable, whose family home was located within 20km. from the hospital. They were discharged two weeks before the established time and a skilled nurse in neonatal care monitored them at home. The control group comprised infants who could not be included in home monitoring due to the distance to the hospital criterion or because their families did not give their consent and who received the usual care until their discharge. The study variables were the outcome indicators of the Nursing Outcomes Classification. RESULTS: Differences were found in the Nursing Outcomes Classification scores in the intervention group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The early discharge of preterm infants followed up at home by an expert nurse in neonatal care is a health service that achieves results in preparating parents for the care of their child, enabling them to learn about the health services, adapt to their new life, and establishbreastfeeding times. It constitutes safe intervention for children and is beneficial to parents.