The use of transvaginal synthetic mesh for anterior vaginal wall prolapse repair: a randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of transvaginal trocar-guided polypropylene mesh insertion with traditional colporrhaphy for treatment of anterior vaginal wall prolapse. METHODS: This is a randomized controlled trial in which women with advanced anterior vaginal wall prolapse, at least stage II with Ba ≥ +1 cm according to the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) classification, were randomly assigned to have either anterior colporrhaphy (n = 39) or repair using trocar-guided transvaginal mesh (n = 40). The primary outcome was objective cure rate of the anterior compartment (point Ba) assessed at the 12-month follow-up visit, with stages 0 and I defined as anatomical success. Secondary outcomes included quantification of other vaginal compartments (POP-Q points), comparison of quality of life by the prolapse quality of life (P-QOL) questionnaire, and complication rate between the groups after 1 year. Study power was fixed as 80% with 5% cutoff point (p < 0.05) for statistical significance. RESULTS: The groups were similar regarding demographic and clinical preoperative parameters. Anatomical success rates for colporrhaphy and repair with mesh placement groups were 56.4 vs 82.5% (95% confidence interval 0.068-0.54), respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.018). Similar total complication rates were observed in both groups, with tape exposure observed in 5% of the patients. There was a significant improvement in all P-QOL domains as a result of both procedures (p < 0.001), but they were not distinct between groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Trocar-guided transvaginal synthetic mesh for advanced anterior POP repair is associated with a higher anatomical success rate for the anterior compartment compared with traditional colporrhaphy. Quality of life equally improved after both techniques. However, the trial failed to detect differences in P-QOL scores and complication rates between the groups.

Single-incision sling compared with transobturator sling for treating stress urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: We tested the hypothesis that the single-incision sling, TVT-Secur (TVT-S), placed in U position is not inferior to transobturator midurethral sling (TVT-O) for treating stress urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS: This was a noninferiority, prospective, randomized controlled trial in which women with SUI, confirmed by physical and urodynamic evaluation, were randomly assigned to receive either TVT-O (n = 56) or TVT-S (n = 66). Exclusion criteria were voiding dysfunction, detrusor overactivity (DO), and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) beyond the hymen. The primary outcomes were objective and subjective cure rates, which were assessed at the 12-month follow-up visit, defined as negative stress, pad, and urodynamic tests and absence of self-reported SUI symptoms. Secondary outcomes were quality of life (QoL) by King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) validated for Portuguese language, postoperative pain, and complication rate. The power of the study was 80 % to test the hypothesis that TVT-S is not inferior to TVT-O by >15 %. Statistical significance was fixed at 5 % (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Groups were similar regarding demographic and clinical preoperative parameters. Objective cure rates for TVT-S and TVT-O groups were 84.1 % vs 87 % [90 % confidence interbal (CI) -15 to 9.8], and subjective cure rates were 92.1 % vs 90.7 % (95 % CI -11.4 to 6.7), respectively. TVT-S resulted in less postoperative general and thigh pain (p < 0.001). A few, but not statistically significant different complications, were observed in both groups: vaginal mucosa perforation, urinary retention, urinary infection, tape exposure, and de novo urgency. There was a significant improvement in all KHQ domains in both groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: TVT-S was not inferior to TVT-O for treating SUI at 12-month follow-up.

Fisioterapia e incontinência urinária de esforço: revisão e análise crítica / Physiotherapy and stress urinary incontinence: review and critical analysis

A incontinência urinária de esforço é enfermidade com alta prevalência e que afeta milhões de pessoas no mundo. Os autores fazem ampla revisão da literatura, mostrando que as técnicas fisioterápicas tais como os exercícios perineais, a eletroestimulação e a terapia com cones são efetivas no tratamento de mulheres com essa afecção, porém, ressaltam a necessidade de estudos prospectivos, com seguimento em longo prazo para determinar por quanto tempo o sucesso terapêutico permanece adequado.

Stress urinary incontinence is a highly prevalent condition that affects millions of people worldwide. This paper presents an important review of the literature on the matter and concludes that physiotherapic techniques such as pelvic floor exercise, electrical estimulation and vaginal cones are effective in the treatment of women with this disease. It is nevertheless necessary to conduct prospective trails with long term follow-up in order to determine the adequacy of such therapeutic intervention.

Correção da incontinência urinária de esforço com sling: resultados iniciais / Stress urinary incontinence correction with sling: first results

Objetivo: analisar os resultados cirúrgicos após slings com mucosa vaginal, no tratamento de mulheres incontinentes com hipermobilidade do colo vesical, que apresentam alto risco de falha cirúrgica para outras técnicas ou naquelas com defeito esfincteriano intrínseco e, ainda, recidivas cirúrgicas. Métodos: foram avaliadas 21 pacientes submetidas à cirurgia para correção de incontinência urinária pela técnica de sling vaginal, com seguimento pós-operatório que variou de 1 a 14 meses (média de 8,2). Todas as pacientes foram avaliadas antes da cirurgia por meio de anamnese, exame clínico, estudo ultra-sonográfico e urodinâmico, sendo o grau de perda urinária acentuado em 66,7 por cento e moderado em 33,3 por cento das pacientes. Todas as pacientes apresentavam hipermobilidade da junção uretrovesical (superior a 10 mm) e 12 pacientes apresentavam cirurgia prévia para correção de incontinência urinária. Ao estudo urodinâmico, as pacientes apresentavam perda urinária com pressão máxima de fechamento uretral (PMFU) variando de 20 a 124 cmH2O (média de 55,2) e "Valsalva leak point pressure" (VLPP) variando de 18 a 128 cmH2O (média de 60,3). As indicações das cirurgias foram: defeito esfincteriano (11 pacientes - 52,4 por cento), obesidade (5 pacientes - 23,8 por cento), defeito esfincteriano e obesidade (2 pacientes - 9,5 por cento), recidiva cirúrgica (2 pacientes - 9,5 por cento) e defeito esfincteriano e prolapso uterino de 1º grau (1 paciente -4,8 por cento). Resultados: como complicações, 6 pacientes (28,6 por cento) apresentaram retenção urinária temporária no pós-operatório, 1 (4,8 por cento) infecção do trato urinário, 1 (4,8 por cento) presença de fio de polipropileno na vagina, 1 (4,8 por cento) infecção da ferida cirúrgica, 4 pacientes (19 por cento) evoluíram com urgência/incontinência, 1 (4,8 por cento) com urgência miccional e 1 (4,8 por cento) com dificuldade para urinar (elevado resíduo pós-miccional). O grau de satisfação das pacientes foi satisfatório, com 15 pacientes (71,4 por cento) referindo cura, 3 (14,3 por cento) melhora, 2 (9,5 por cento) quadro de perda urinária inalterado e 1 (4,8 por cento) piora da perda urinária. Conclusões: a cirurgia de sling com mucosa vaginal é eficaz para o tratamento de casos específicos de incontinência urinária de esforço, destacando-se defeito esfincteriano, recidivas cirúrgicas e fatores predisponentes para falha de outras técnicas.