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1.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 55(7): 414-7, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18853679

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of premedication with intraoperative clonidine in association with low-dose ketamine to reduce the need for postoperative opiate analgesia in outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a prospective study of patients undergoing outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy between November 2005 and November 2006. The patients were distributed randomly in 2 groups: patients in the clonidine-ketamine group received clonidine (0.15 mg orally 60 minutes before surgery) and ketamine (20-mg intravenous bolus followed by intraoperative perfusion of 20 mg h(-1)); patients in the control group did not receive this medication. Pain assessed on a verbal numerical scale, number of times rescue analgesia was required to achieve a value below 3, and adverse effects of the medication were recorded in the postoperative period. RESULTS: Thirty-one patients (16 in the clonidine-ketamine group and 15 in the control group) were enrolled. Rescue analgesia was required on 2 occasions by 25% of patients in the clonidine-ketamine group and on 2 or 3 occasions by 533% of patients in the control group. Adverse effects were reported by 87.5% of patients in the clonidine-ketamine group (mainly visual disturbances, sedation, and nausea) and by 46.7% in the control group. This difference was significant during the patients' stay in the postanesthesia recovery unit. CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving clonidine and ketamine required less additional opiate analgesia to achieve mild pain values (<3 on the numerical verbal scale) but suffered more adverse effects during their stay in the postanesthesia recovery unit. Discharge was not delayed, however.


Assuntos
Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/efeitos adversos , Clonidina/administração & dosagem , Ketamina/administração & dosagem , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Medicação Pré-Anestésica , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios , Analgésicos Opioides/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Cuidados Intraoperatórios , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
2.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 55(7): 414-417, ago.-sept. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-59175

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Comprobar la eficacia de la premedicacióncon clonidina, asociada a ketamina intraoperatoria abajas dosis, para disminuir la necesidad de analgésicosopioides postoperatorios en la colecistectomía laparoscópicaambulatoriaPACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio prospectivoen pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópicaambulatoria desde noviembre de 2005 anoviembre de 2006. Se distribuyeron de forma aleatoriaen 2 grupos, grupo CK a los que se administró clonidina(0,15 mg vía oral 60 minutos antes de la cirugía)y ketamina (bolo de 20 mg intravenoso seguido deperfusión intraoperatoria de 20 mg h-1), y grupo O alos que no se suministró esa medicación. Se determinóla Escala Verbal Numérica (EVN) durante el postoperatorio,número de rescates analgésicos necesariospara obtener un valor inferior a 3 y efectos adversos ala medicación.RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 31 pacientes (16 en el grupoCK y 15 en el grupo O). 25% de los pacientes necesitaron2 rescates en el grupo A, mientras que en el grupoB 53,3% necesitaron 2 ó 3 rescates. Presentaron efectosadversos un 87,5% en el grupo CK (principalmente alteracionesvisuales, sedación y nauseas), y un 46,7% en elgrupo O. Esta diferencia fue significativa durante supermanencia en la Unidad de Recuperación Postanestésica(URPA).CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes con clonidina y ketaminaprecisan menos analgesia adicional con opioides paraalcanzar valores de dolor leve (EVN menor de 3) perotuvieron más efectos adversos durante su permanenciaen URPA, aunque no retrasó el alta hospitalaria (AU)


OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of premedicationwith intraoperative clonidine in association with low-doseketamine to reduce the need for postoperative opiateanalgesia in outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a prospectivestudy of patients undergoing outpatient laparoscopiccholecystectomy between November 2005 and November2006. The patients were distributed randomly in 2groups: patients in the clonidine-ketamine groupreceived clonidine (0.15 mg orally 60 minutes beforesurgery) and ketamine (20-mg intravenous bolusfollowed by intraoperative perfusion of 20 mg·h-1);patients in the control group did not receive thismedication. Pain assessed on a verbal numerical scale,number of times rescue analgesia was required toachieve a value below 3, and adverse effects of themedication were recorded in the postoperative period.RESULTS: Thirty-one patients (16 in the clonidineketaminegroup and 15 in the control group) wereenrolled. Rescue analgesia was required on 2 occasionsby 25% of patients in the clonidine-ketamine group andon 2 or 3 occasions by 53.3% of patients in the controlgroup. Adverse effects were reported by 87.5% ofpatients in the clonidine-ketamine group (mainly visualdisturbances, sedation, and nausea) and by 46.7% in thecontrol group. This difference was significant during thepatients’ stay in the postanesthesia recovery unit.CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving clonidine and ketaminerequired less additional opiate analgesia to achieve mildpain values (<3 on the numerical verbal scale) but sufferedmore adverse effects during their stay in the postanesthesiarecovery unit. Discharge was not delayed, however (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ketamina/administração & dosagem , Clonidina/administração & dosagem , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/métodos , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Analgesia/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios , Estudos de Casos e Controles
3.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 53(4): 261-4, 2006 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16711503

RESUMO

We report 6 cases diagnosed with accidental dural puncture after epidural injection of corticosteroids for low back pain. All the patients reported postdural puncture headache during their stay in the postanesthetic recovery unit. For 3 patients, pain resolved with treatment given in the recovery unit. Two other patients also required mild analgesics for 1 week. In the last patient, a blood patch was used to treat incapacitating headache 22 days after the epidural procedure and mild analgesics were needed for 4 more weeks. It is important to establish a protocol for treating postdural puncture headache in pain clinics to facilitate decision making. Good physician-patient communication is necessary to avoid refusals for permission for other epidural techniques and to facilitate management of symptoms.


Assuntos
Dura-Máter/lesões , Injeções Epidurais/efeitos adversos , Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Idoso , Protocolos Clínicos , Feminino , Humanos , Dor Lombar/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
4.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 53(4): 261-264, abr. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-047290

RESUMO

Presentamos los 6 casos de pacientes en los que sediagnosticó una punción dural accidental tras infiltraciónepidural con corticoide por lumbociatalgia. Todos refirieroncefalea postpunción dural durante su permanenciaen la Unidad de Recuperación Postanestésica. En 3 deellos la cefalea remitió con los tratamientos recibidos enesta unidad, dos pacientes necesitaron además tratamientocon analgésicos menores durante 1 semana y en el últimopaciente se realizó un parche hemático por cefaleainvalidante a los 22 días de la infiltración y tratamientocon analgésicos menores durante 4 semanas más.Es importante disponer de un protocolo de tratamientode Cefalea Postpunción Dural en los pacientes entratamiento en las Unidades de Dolor para facilitar latoma de decisiones, y es fundamental un buen entendimientomédico-paciente para evitar negativas ante nuevastécnicas epidurales y facilitar el abordaje del cuadro


We report 6 cases diagnosed with accidental duralpuncture after epidural injection of corticosteroids forlow back pain. All the patients reported postdural punctureheadache during their stay in the postanestheticrecovery unit. For 3 patients, pain resolved with treatmentgiven in the recovery unit. Two other patients alsorequired mild analgesics for 1 week. In the last patient,a blood patch was used to treat incapacitating headache22 days after the epidural procedure and mild analgesicswere needed for 4 more weeks.It is important to establish a protocol for treating postduralpuncture headache in pain clinics to facilitate decisionmaking. Good physician-patient communication isnecessary to avoid refusals for permission for other epiduraltechniques and to facilitate management of symptoms


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Dura-Máter/lesões , Injeções Epidurais/efeitos adversos , Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Protocolos Clínicos , Dor Lombar/tratamento farmacológico
5.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 51(6): 316-21, 2004.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15303532

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of postoperative autologous transfusion to reduce homologous blood transfusion needs in primary knee replacement surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was carried out in 33 consecutive patients with diagnoses of arthrosis scheduled for primary knee replacement surgery with postoperative autotransfusion using a CBCII Constavac-Stryker (Stryker Instruments, Michigan, USA) recovery system from June through October 2002. We analyzed patient age, sex, preoperative and postoperative (24 hours) hemoglobin and hematocrit values, autologous blood reinfused and homologous blood transfusion incidence rate (if hematocrit was below 25%). RESULTS: Of the 33 patients receiving postoperative autotransfusion, one also needed homologous blood transfusion (3%). The mean volume of filtered whole blood reinfused was 538.63+/-261.23 mL, 1100 mL being the largest volume reinfused. We observed no complications related to use of autotransfusion devices during the perioperative period. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative autotransfusion as the only blood salvage technique in primary knee prosthesis surgery nearly eliminates homologous transfusion needs. In addition, it is a safe, simple procedure and has replaced our hospital's preoperative autologous transfusion procedure.


Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Transfusão de Sangue Autóloga , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/terapia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos
6.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 51(6): 316-321, jun. 2004.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-34384

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Comprobar la eficacia de la autotransfusión postoperatoria para disminuir la necesidad de transfusión de sangre homóloga en cirugía protésica primaria de rodilla. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de 33 pacientes consecutivos, con diagnóstico de gonartrosis, programados para implantación de prótesis total de rodilla desde junio a octubre de 2002, con utilización de autotransfusión postoperatoria por medio de recuperador CBCII Constavac-Stryker (Stryker Instruments, Michigan, USA). Se determinó la distribución por edad y sexo, hemoglobina/hematocrito pre y postoperatoria (24 horas), el volumen de sangre autóloga reinfundido y la incidencia de transfusión de sangre homóloga (si el hematocrito era inferior a 25 por ciento). RESULTADOS: De los 33 pacientes con autotransfusión postoperatoria sólo 1 requirió transfusión de sangre homóloga (3 por ciento). Se reinfundió un volumen medio de sangre total filtrada de 538,63 ñ 261,23 ml, siendo el volumen máximo reinfundido de 1.100 ml. No se encontró ningún tipo de complicación relacionada con el uso del autotransfusor postoperatorio. CONCLUSIONES: La autotransfusión postoperatoria en cirugía protésica primaria de rodilla como único método de ahorro de sangre prácticamente elimina la necesidad de transfusión de sangre homóloga. Además es un método seguro y sencillo de llevar a cabo y ha desplazado a la autotransfusión preoperatoria en nuestro hospital (AU)


Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Transfusão de Sangue Autóloga , Artroplastia do Joelho , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Estudos Prospectivos , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória
7.
Cir. mayor ambul ; 8(3): 151-157, jul.-sept. 2003. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-87480

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo es revisar las complicaciones postoperatorias en Cirugía Mayor Ambulatoria y la incidencia de ingresos no planificados y su relación con el manejo anestésico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se revisaron 1598casos de Cirugía Mayor Ambulatoria desde Enero de2000 a Agosto de 2002 con la siguiente distribución por especialidades: 570 (35,7%) de Traumatología,476 (29,8%) de Cirugía general, 238 (14,9%) de Oftalmología, 224 (14%) de Ginecología y 89 (5,6%)de Otorrinolaringología. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo un 6,6% de ingresos no planificados, 0,6% acudieron a urgencias y 3,7%reflejaron mal estado general en el control telefónico. De los ingresos no planificados por causa anestésica, lo más frecuente fue por retención urinaria(18%), en el 85% de los casos asociada a raquianestesia con bupivacaína a dosis superiores a 10 mg, seguido de nauseas/vómitos (17%), en el 89,4% asociados a Anestesia general. En los que acudieron a urgencias (30%) y reflejaron malestar general en el control telefónico (74%), lo más frecuente fue dolor. CONCLUSIONES: En Anestesia regional recomendamos bloqueos periféricos en lugar de bloqueo del neuroeje siempre que sea posible, comenzando la analgesia antes de desaparecer el efecto anestésico. En raquianestesia usar dosis bajas de anestésico local (bupivacaína a dosis menores de 10 mg), no recomendando opiáceosintratecales (excepto 10 mg de fentanilo), no forzando la administración de líquidos para disminuirla incidencia de retención urinaria. En Anestesia general suplementar con Anestesia local siempre que se pueda para usar la menor cantidad de opiáceo y disminuír la incidencia de naúseas/vómitos y retención urinaria (AU)


INTRODUCTION: The primary goal was to review postoperative complications in ambulatory surgical patients and the rate of unanticipated admissions and their relationships with anaesthetic management. METHODS: We surveyed 1598 ambulatory surgical patients from January 2000 to August 2002 divided into the following specialties (distributed as follows): Traumatology, 570 (35.7%), General Surgery, 476 (29.8%), Ophthalmology, 238 (14.9%),Gynaecology, 224 (14%), and Otolaryngology, 89(5.6%).RESULTS: The following results were obtained: unanticipated admissions, 6.6%; emergency room consultations, 0.6%; and reports of discomfort on telephone follow-up the day after discharge, 3.7%.When evaluating anaesthetic causes for unanticipated admissions, the most common was urinary retention (18%); 85% of which was associated to (..) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios , Anestesia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle
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