RESUMO
Resumen Introducción: los trastornos alimentarios (anorexia y bulimia) han aumentado en todo el mundo y en todo el país. Antes del desarrollo de este trastorno, la actual insatisfacción corporal de los adolescentes, cuyo estudio a través del "Modelo de influencia tripartita" nos da tres presiones principales: la presión de los padres, los medios y los compañeros. Factores que se estudian a través de SATAQ-4. Realizamos un estudio para validar la versión peruana de SATAQ-4 "Actitudes socioculturales hacia el cuestionario de apariencia-4". Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en 2015. Se comenzó adaptando culturalmente la prueba. Posteriormente, la validez se determinó a través de la validez del constructo y la confiabilidad a través de la evaluación de consistencia interna y la confiabilidad intraobservador (prueba- volver a probar). Resultados: Obtuvimos un instrumento adaptado culturalmente que presentó una media mayor que 3 en el método Delphi, una correlación intraclase igual a 0,83 y una consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach) de 0,90. El análisis factorial confirmatorio apoyó la estructura original de cinco factores y el análisis de validez convergente (r Pearson) cuando se comparó con BSQ una correlación de 0,70. Conclusiones: El instrumento mide adecuadamente el constructo para el cual fue creado y puede aplicarse en el entorno universitario peruano.
Introduction: Eating disorders (anorexia and bulimia) have been increasing worldwide and nationally. Prior to the development of this disorder, adolescents' present body dissatisfaction, whose study through the "Tripartite Influence Model" gives us three main pressures: Pressure from parents, media and peers. Factors that are studied through SATAQ-4. We conduct a study to validate the Peruvian version of SATAQ-4 "Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-4". Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2015. It was started by culturally adapting the test. Subsequently, validity was determined through the validity of the construct, and reliability through internal consistency assessment and intra-observer reliability (test-retest). Results: We obtained a culturally adapted instrument which presented a mean greater than 3 in the Delphi method, an intraclass correlation equal to 0.83 and an internal consistency (Cronbach alpha) of 0.90. The confirmatory factor analysis supported the original five-factor structure and the convergent validity analysis (r Pearson) when compared with BSQ a correlation of 0.70. Conclusions: The instrument adequately measures the construct for which it was created and can be applied in the Peruvian university environment.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pesos e Medidas , Atitude , Anorexia , Bulimia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Peru , Universidades , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
The disadvantageous conditions in which young physicians have to do their rural and sub-urban health service (SERUMS) may put them in a high risk for mental disorders. This study aims to establish the baseline levels of depression and alcohol use problems among those physicians scheduled to complete their SERUMS during the period 2011-2012. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were administered as screening tests to 493 physicians. Depression scores were met by 26% females and 14.5% males, and alcohol use problem scores were met by 22% females and 26% males. Overall, 39% persons scored for either of both mental health entities. Mental health problems seem to be common among young physicians scheduled to migrate to their SERUMS. These problems must be addressed to avoid greater risks.
Assuntos
Alcoolismo/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Saúde Mental , Saúde Ocupacional , Médicos , Serviços de Saúde Rural , Serviços de Saúde Suburbana , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , PeruRESUMO
Las condiciones poco favorables que el médico joven encara durante el Servicio Rural, Urbano Marginal en Salud (SERUMS) pueden incrementar el riesgo de enfermedades mentales. El objetivo del estudio es establecer la línea base sobre niveles de depresión y uso problemático de alcohol en aquellos médicos que realizarán dicho servicio durante el periodo 2011-2012. Se aplicó como herramientas de tamizaje la escala del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos para depresión y el Test para la Identificación de Trastornos por Uso de Alcohol, a 493 médicos. Se encontró que 26 por ciento de las mujeres y 14,5 por ciento de los varones puntuaron en el rango de depresión; 22 por ciento de mujeres y 26 por ciento de varones lo hicieron para uso problemático de alcohol. 39 por ciento puntuó para cualquiera de ambas entidades. Los problemas de salud mental son comunes entre los médicos que se disponen a migrar para realizar el SERUMS, lo cual debe ser atendido para evitar mayores riesgos.
The disadvantageous conditions in which young physicians have to do their rural and sub-urban health service (SERUMS) may put them in a high risk for mental disorders. This study aims to establish the baseline levels of depression and alcohol use problems among those physicians scheduled to complete their SERUMS during the period 2011-2012. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were administered as screening tests to 493 physicians. Depression scores were met by 26 percent females and 14.5 percent males, and alcohol use problem scores were met by 22 percent females and 26 percent males. Overall, 39 percent persons scored for either of both mental health entities. Mental health problems seem to be common among young physicians scheduled to migrate to their SERUMS. These problems must be addressed to avoid greater risks.