Instituto Catalán de Oncología

Página que contiene información sobre el cáncer, acogida, información para pacientes, segunda opinión médica, ensayos clínicos, prevención, detección precoz y cáncer hereditario.

Cómo explicarles lo que pasa : ayudar a las familias a compartir con niños el diagnóstico de cáncer en alguno de sus familiares

Guía que pretende ofrecer a los profesionales una serie de aportaciones para ayudar a las familias a compartir, en especial con los niños y adolescentes, el proceso canceroso de algunos de sus miembros.

Instituto Catalán de Oncología

Página que contiene información institucional, información de los programas de investigación, oferta formativa, guías terapeúticas y protocolos (ICOPraxis), informes técnicos de evaluación para la Comisión Farmacoterapéutica, medicamentos especiales, etc. Algunos documentos están sólo en catalán.

Modelo de Trabajo Social en la atención oncológica

Documento que pretende mejorar la atención oncológica desde la perspectiva social. Incluye: cáncer y familia, repercusionessocioeconómicas de la enfermedad oncológica, trabajo social y oncología, metodología de trabajo, técnicas de intervención, programas de apoyo, intervención grupal, la función docente del trabajo social, contribución del trabajo social en la atención oncológica infantil y juvenil, etc.

Competències de la professió de pediatría / No disponible

No disponible

Consell genètic i predisposició hereditària al càncer

Tríptico que incluye información sobre la valoración del riesgo de cáncer, el estudio genético, las personas que pueden ser atendidas en la Unitat d'Avaluació del Risc de Càncer i Prevenció de Girona, etc.

Institut Català d'Oncologia

El Instituto está ubicado en el Hospital Duran i Reynals, dentro del complejo de la Ciudad Sanitaria y Universitaria de Bellvitge, en Hospitalet de LLobregat (Barcelona). Es un Centro de Atención Oncológica Integral, altamente especializado y avanzado en oncología que ofrece de forma coordinada: diagnóstico, tratamiento, prevención, investigación y formación.

Lipid and lipoprotein synthesis in isolated and cultured hepatocytes from lean and obese Zucker rats.

Hepatocytes were isolated by EDTA perfusion of livers from lean (Fa/-) and obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats. Triacylglycerol (TG) and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate were increased in fa/fa hepatocytes, but free fatty acids, cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations were similar in both groups. In spite of an identical fatty acid uptake rate, glycerolipid synthesis was higher in obese compared to lean rat hepatocytes, and this difference remained for at least 2-3 days of culture. Triacylglycerol mass secretion was 2-fold higher in obese than in lean rat hepatocytes. This was confirmed by the higher incorporation of labeled glycerol and oleic acid into the medium TG fraction floating at density 1.006 g/ml. Density gradient ultracentrifugation of [14C]oleate-labeled lipoproteins showed that fa/fa hepatocytes secreted more TG-rich lipoproteins, and that 87% of the label was in the VLDL fraction compared with 67% in the medium of Fa/- hepatocytes. Decreased utilisation of leucine for protein synthesis in obese rat compared to lean rat hepatocytes was associated with enhanced leucine oxidation to CO2. [35S]Methionine incorporation showed an identical cell protein synthesis rate. Autoradiography after PAGE separation of secreted apolipoproteins (apoBh, Bl, apoA-VI, apoE, apoA-I, apoC) showed an identical pattern in both cell types.

Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in Hep G2 cells.

Lipid composition, lipid synthesis and lipoprotein secretion by the Hep G2 cell line have been studied with substrate and insulin supplied under different conditions. The lipid composition of Hep G2 cells was close to that of normal human liver, except for a higher content in sphingomyelin (P less than 0.005) and a lower phosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin ratio. Most of the [14C]triacylglycerols secreted into the medium were recovered by ultracentrifugation at densities of 1.006 to 1.020 g/ml. The main apolipoproteins secreted were apo B-100 and apo A-I. Hep G2 mRNA synthesized in vitro the pro-apolipoproteins A-I and E. Triacylglycerol secretion was 7.38 +/- 1.04 micrograms/mg cell protein per 20 h with 5.5 mM glucose in the medium and increased linearly with glucose concentration. Oleic acid (1 mM) increased the incorporation of [3H]glycerol into the medium and cell triacylglycerols by 251 and 899%, with a concomitant increment in cell triacylglycerols and cholesterol ester. Insulin (1 mU or 7 pmol/ml) inhibited triacylglycerol secretion and [35S]methionine incorporation into secreted protein by 47 and 28%, respectively, with a corresponding increase in the cells. Preincubation of cells with 2.5-10 mM mevalonolactone decreased the incorporation of [14C]acetate into cholesterol 6.2-fold, indicating an inhibitory effect on HMG-CoA reductase. It is concluded that in spite of some differences between Hep G2 and normal human hepatocytes, this line offers an alternative and reliable model for studies on liver lipid metabolism.

Synthesis and secretion of lipoproteins by human hepatocytes in culture.

Confluent monolayers of normal human hepatocytes obtained by collagenase perfusion of liver fragments were incubated in a serum-free medium. Intracellular apolipoproteins apo AI, apo C, apo B, and apo E were detected between Day 1 and Day 6 of the culture by immunoenzymatic staining using polyclonal antibodies directed against these apoproteins and monoclonal antibodies directed against both forms of apo B (B100 and B48). Translation of mRNA isolated from these hepatocytes in an acellular system revealed that apo AI and apo E were synthesized as the precursor forms of mature plasma apo AI and apo E. Three lipoprotein fractions corresponding to the density of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were isolated from the medium at Day 5 of culture and examined by electron microscopy after negative staining. VLDL and LDL particles are similar in size and shape to plasma lipoproteins; spherical HDL are larger than normal plasma particles isolated at the same density. Their protein represented 44, 19.5, and 36.5% respectively, of the total lipoprotein protein. The secretion rate of VLDL protein corresponded to that measured in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. After incorporation of [3H]glycerol, more than 92% of the [3H]triglyceride secreted into the medium was recovered in the VLDL fraction. These results demonstrate that primary cultures of normal human hepatocytes are able to synthesize and secrete lipoproteins and thus could be a useful model to study lipoprotein metabolism in human liver.

Isolation of rat hepatocytes with EDTA and their metabolic functions in primary culture.

Isolated hepatocytes from adult rat liver were prepared after dissociation of the liver with EDTA. The morphological appearance, viability (94.5%) and yield (1.76.10(7) cells/g liver) compare well with those of previously described methods using collagenase. Differentiated functions of the hepatocytes in primary culture such as albumin secretion (10.9 micrograms/mg cell protein/d) and triglyceride synthesis and secretion are maintained. Induction of triglyceride synthesis and secretion by oleic acid takes place to an extent similar to that observed in vivo and liver perfusion. Particles with a lipid composition resembling circulating very low density lipoproteins are secreted into the medium. These characteristics demonstrate the ability of hepatocytes isolated with EDTA and subsequently used in primary culture to retain complex and highly differentiated functions of the intact liver.