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1.
Int J Mol Sci ; 23(9)2022 Apr 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35562891

RESUMO

The most frequent retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and posterior uveitis, are underlined by oxidative stress or aging-induced retinal inflammation, which contributes to vision impairing or loss. Resolution of inflammation is emerging as a critical phase able to counteract the inflammatory process leading to the progression of retinal damage. Particularly, pro-resolving mediators (PMs) play a key role in the modulation of inflammatory exudates and could be considered a new target to be investigated in different inflammatory-autoimmune pathologies. Here, we highlight the most recent studies concerning the role of the main PMs (lipoxins, resolvins, prtectins, maresins and annexins) in retinal inflammation, in order to collect the best evidence in the field of inflammatory retinal damage resolution and to propose novel pharmacological approaches in the management of the most common retinal diseases.


Assuntos
Lipoxinas , Doenças Retinianas , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos , Humanos , Inflamação/patologia , Mediadores da Inflamação
2.
Transl Vis Sci Technol ; 11(3): 16, 2022 03 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35285861

RESUMO

Purpose: This study explored the possibility of highlighting early retinal neurovascular alterations of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by monitoring in DR patients the serum levels of microglial biomarkers ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), glucose transporter 5 (GLUT5), and translocator protein (TSPO), along with serum changes of the endothelial dysfunction marker arginase-1. Methods: Serum markers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 50 patients: 12 non-diabetic subjects, 14 diabetic patients without DR, 13 patients with non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and 11 patients with proliferative DR (PDR). The results were correlated with hyperreflective retinal spots (HRS), observed with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results: Although HRS were absent in diabetic patients without DR, NPDR patients showed an average of 4 ± 1 HRS, whereas the highest presence was detected in PDR patients, with 8 ± 1 HRS (P < 0.01 vs. NPDR). HRS were positively correlated (P < 0.01) with serum levels of arginase-1 (r = 0.91), Iba-1 (r = 0.96), GLUT5 (r = 0.94), and TSPO (r = 0.88). Moreover, serum proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines showed a positive correlation (P < 0.01) with HRS number and the serum markers analyzed. Conclusions: Serum markers of microglial activation positively correlate with retinal HRS in NPDR and PDR patients. Translational Relevance: These data corroborate the possibility of highlighting early retinal neurovascular changes due to diabetes by monitoring circulating microglial markers.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus , Retinopatia Diabética , Transportador de Glucose Tipo 5/sangue , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/sangue , Arginase , Biomarcadores , Retinopatia Diabética/diagnóstico , Humanos , Projetos Piloto , Receptores de GABA , Retina/diagnóstico por imagem
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