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1.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 21(1): 41-45, 2019. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184452

RESUMO

Objetivo: predecir la eliminación de la hepatitis C crónica en las prisiones de Cataluña. Material y método: se analiza la tendencia de la prevalencia de ácido ribonucleico (ARN)-virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) y los tratamientos antihepatitis C prescritos en Cataluña en el periodo 2002-2016. Mediante un alisado exponencial de los valores históricos de la serie, se calcula el tiempo en que podrá eliminarse la hepatitis C en Cataluña como problema de salud pública (prevalencia ARN-VHC<1%). Resultados: hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2016, se habían prescrito 1.264 tratamientos. La prevalencia de ARN-VHC fue del 31,2% en 2002, y drecreció hasta el 8,8% en 2016. Se estima que la prevalencia alcanzará una tasa del 0-0,5% en cinco años (segundo semestre de 2021; intervalo de confianza, IC, del 95%: 2019-2025). Discusión: con las acciones adecuadas, puede y debe eliminarse la hepatitis C en los presos. En Cataluña, esta enfermedad dejaría de ser un problema de salud pública en 2021


Aim: predict the elimination of chronic hepatitis C in Catalan prisons. Material and method: we analyzed the trend of the prevalence of HCV-RNA and anti-hepatitis C treatments prescribed in Catalonia in the period 2002-2016. Using linear exponential smoothing from the historical values in the time series, we estimate the time required to eliminate hepatitis C as a public health problem in prisons (prevalence of hepatitis C virus RNA<1%). Results: a total of 1264 treatments were administered by 12/31/2016. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus RNA was 31.2% in 2002, decreasing to 8.81% in 2016. We estimate that prevalence will reach 0-0.5% in 5 years (second half 2021; 95% CI: 2019-2025). Discussion: appropriate actions can eliminate hepatitis C infection in prisoners. We estimate that by 2021 hepatitis C infection will no longer be a public health problem in Catalonia prisons


Assuntos
Humanos , Hepatite C Crônica/prevenção & controle , Erradicação de Doenças/organização & administração , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/organização & administração , Hepatite C Crônica/epidemiologia , Prisões/organização & administração , Prisioneiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos de Séries Temporais
3.
Euro Surveill ; 17(2)2012 Jan 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22264862

RESUMO

From the beginning of 2007 until the end of 2011, 146 cases of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) were notified to the Barcelona Public Health Agency. Some 49% of them were diagnosed and reported in 2011, mainly in men who have sex with men. Almost half of them, 32 cases, were reported between July and September. This cluster represents the largest since 2004. This article presents the ongoing outbreak of LGV in Barcelona.


Assuntos
Chlamydia trachomatis/isolamento & purificação , Homossexualidade Masculina , Linfogranuloma Venéreo/diagnóstico , Linfogranuloma Venéreo/epidemiologia , Adulto , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/diagnóstico , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , Linfogranuloma Venéreo/prevenção & controle , Linfogranuloma Venéreo/transmissão , Masculino , Vigilância da População , Parceiros Sexuais , Espanha/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
4.
Euro Surveill ; 16(15)2011 Apr 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21507319

RESUMO

Several public health crises in Europe have led to sustained outbreaks, political problems, or have generated social alarm. For this reason, a nationwide study was conducted in Spain with the objective to determine which public health events provoke the most frequent crises, to reach a consensus regarding the appropriate actions to be taken when responding to public health crises, and to provide recommendations for their management. The events which had most frequently provoked crises between 1999 and 2004 were identified. A consensus was obtained by public health experts from the 17 Autonomous Regions of Spain and the National Epidemiological Centre using the RAND/UCLA method which combines the Nominal Groups and Delphi techniques. Legionellosis, foodborne diseases, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), bioterrorism, meningococcal meningitis, tuberculosis, heat waves, and influenza epidemics were found to be cause for most public health crises. In Spain, 75% of the crises identified by senior public health experts from the Autonomous Regions involved infectious diseases. Factors triggering a crisis included the type of disease, social alarm, population affected, and the course of action taken by public institutions and reporting in the media. There was consensus that correct information, qualified personnel, availability of standardised protocols for investigation and control, information distribution, and setting up of 'crisis offices' were actions with a positive effect regarding crisis resolution. Appropriate management of outbreaks or other situations being perceived as a risk to health can mitigate or even contain the generation of public health crises.


Assuntos
Consenso , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Saúde Pública/métodos , Doenças Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis/terapia , Bases de Dados Factuais/tendências , Gerenciamento Clínico , Humanos , Saúde Pública/normas , Saúde Pública/tendências , Espanha/epidemiologia
5.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 17(1): 75-82, ene.-feb. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-17709

RESUMO

Antecedentes y objetivos: Descripción del proceso realizado en Cataluña para diseñar un sistema de información que permita la monitorización de los nuevos diagnósticos de infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Proceso y resultados: Mediante una encuesta se evaluó la percepción de necesidad de la notificación de la infección por VIH por parte de los profesionales sanitarios (n = 106), y la opinión y disponibilidad de éstos sobre las diferentes posibilidades de la instauración de la declaración. Como resultado de esta evaluación se elaboró un informe técnico específico que definía los objetivos y las características del nuevo sistema de información. Se evaluó su viabilidad en los centros asistenciales mediante un proceso de discusión con profesionales, autoridades sanitarias y organizaciones no gubernamentales, y se realizó una segunda encuesta para valorar la utilización del código de identificación personal (CIP) de la tarjeta sanitaria individualiza (TSI). Este proceso se realizó de 1998 a 2000.El 84,5 per cent de los profesionales que respondieron a la encuesta opinaban que la notificación del VIH debería ser obligatoria y confidencial; el 90,4 per cent pensaba que la notificación posibilita el conocimiento de las características epidemiológicas de las personas infectadas, y el 75 per cent sugería que la variable de identificación debería ser el nombre. Finalmente, el 66 per cent de los profesionales creía viable la utilización del CIP de la TSI, como identificador personal de la notificación del VIH. Se estableció una propuesta final y se fijó la fecha del 1 de enero de 2001 para iniciar la fase piloto del sistema de notificación de los nuevos diagnósticos de VIH. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los profesionales encuestados manifiesta la necesidad de la notificación de la infección por VIH, de que ésta cuente con respaldo institucional, y que la notificación debería realizarse con un identificador personal único, al igual que las enfermedades de declaración obligatoria individualizada. La información derivada de la notificación de infección es imprescindible para la mejor planificación de las intervenciones preventivas y la provisión de servicios sanitarios. Las principales dificultades observadas son el hecho de que la infección por VIH no se haya incluido entre las enfermedades de declaración obligatoria (EDO), así como la baja implantación del CIP en la historia clínica de los centros hospitalarios. Todos los sectores implicados tienen un importante papel para la construcción del entorno necesario que haga que el sistema de información sobre nuevos diagnósticos de infección por VIH sea posible y de utilidad (AU)


Objective: To describe the process performed in Catalonia (Spain) to design an information system for monitoring new cases of HIV infection. Methods: A survey was used to evaluate perception of the need for notification of HIV infection by health care professionals (n = 106), as well as their opinions of the various possibilities for the implementation of the notification system. As a result of this evaluation, a specific technical report defining the objectives and technical characteristics of the new notification system was produced. The feasibility of the system in health centres was evaluated through discussions with health care professionals, health authorities and Non-Governmental Organizations, and a second survey was designed to evaluate the use of a personal identification code (PIC) from the individual health card (IHC). This process took plabe between 1998 and 2000. Results: A total of 84.5% of the health care professionals believed that HIV notification should be mandatory and confidential; 90.4%, were of the opinion that notification would enable identification of the epidemiological characteristics of infected individualos, and 75% believed that these individuals would have to be identified by name. Finally, 66% of the health care professionals believed that the use of the PIC from the IHC would be feasible as the personal identifier in HIV notification. A final proposal was draw up and 1 January, 2001 was set as the date to initiate the pilot phase of the new HIV notification system. Conclusions: Most of the health care professionals surveyed expressed the need for notification of HIV infection, and for such notification to receive institutional endorsement. They also believed that, as with other diseases of individualized mandatory reporting, notification should be carried out with a single personal identifier. The information obtained from notification of HIV infection is essential for the optimal planning of preventive programs and the provision of health services. The main difficulties observed were that HIV infection has not been included among the diseases of mandatory reporting, as well as the low implantation of the PIC in the hospitals' clinical registries. All the sectors involved have an important role to play in creating the conditions necessary for the notification system of new cases of HIV infection to be feasible and useful (AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Notificação de Doenças , Consenso , Espanha , Infecções por HIV , Projetos Piloto , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estudos de Viabilidade
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