Radiological and Histological Evaluation of the Effects of Cortical Perforations on Bone Healing in Mandibular Onlay Graft Procedures.

BACKGROUND: Perforations of the cortical bone may be an advantage for the success of the autogenous bone graft procedure, but whether this perforation has a positive effect on the bone remains controversial. PURPOSE: This study evaluates the effects of cortical perforation of the autogenous bone block graft radiologically and histologically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven adult pigs were used for this study. On the experimental side, cortical perforation at the host site was prepared, while no perforation was done on the control side. The specimens were evaluated, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: In the radiological evaluation, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated no significant differences in densities among the grafts (p = .23) with a mean of 4.29 ± 0.951 for the unperforated graft side and 3.57 ± 0.976 for the decorticated graft side. In histological evaluation, there was a significant difference in the thickness of the grafts between the groups (experimental group 3.71 ± 1.286, control group: 4.71 ± 0.488; p = .033). However, when the remodeling and osteoblastic activity in the grafts were measured, no significant differences were observed between the groups (p = 1 and p = .133, respectively). CONCLUSION: In augmentation with mandibular onlay bone grafts, cortical perforations in the recipient site make no distinct contribution to bone healing within 12 weeks.

Bronchogenic cyst of the craniocervical junction: a case report.

Intracranial bronchogenic cysts (BCs) are uncommon, and BCs at the craniocervical junction are extremely rare. These lesions are most frequently encountered in the cervico-thoracic region of the spine. Their pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Regardless of the surgical approach, the aim of surgery should be total removal of the cyst and its content, whenever feasible. In this case report, a 50-year-old patient with a BC of the craniocervical junction is presented. The patient was operated on through a right-sided suboccipital retrosigmoid approach. The uniform layer of pseudostratified, ciliated and mucus-secreting columnar cells was seen on histological examination. The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of this unusual condition are discussed.

The effect of oophorectomy on epidural fibrosis after laminectomy: an experimental study in rats.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of oophorectomy in the formation of epidural fibrosis in a rat laminectomy model. METHODS: Thirty-six 12-month-old adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Rats were evenly divided into two groups; oophorectomized and sham-operated. Bilateral oophorectomy was performed on the 18 rats in the oophorectomized group. Three weeks after oophorectomy, rats in both groups underwent complete bilateral laminectomy at the L2 and L3 vertebral levels. Rats were divided into 3 equal groups and sacrificed in groups of 4 at the 4th, 8t, and 12th weeks postoperatively and the lumbar spine excised en bloc, fixed and decalcified. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome were used to evaluate epidural fibrosis, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, and vascular proliferation. RESULTS: The mean histological sum grade of the epidural fibrosis was greater in the oophorectomized group (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Endogenous estrogen could have an effect on epidural fibrosis formation after lumbar laminectomy in rats.

Effects of angiogenesis inhibition by spironolactone on isolated vas deferens contractility in an experimental varicocele model in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of spironolactone, as an angiogenesis inhibitor, on the isometric contractile responses in isolated vas deferens strips from left varicocele-induced rats. METHODS: Twenty-four adult (12-14 months) male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 6 in each): (1) Control group, (2) sham-operated group, (3) experimental left varicocele group, and (4) Spironolactone (20 mg/kg/d)-treated experimental left varicocele group. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical (CD31 staining) findings in the rat testis and functional findings in the rat isolated vas deferens were investigated. RESULTS: Angiogenesis increased in the varicocele group and the spironolactone inhibited angiogenesis in the spironolactone-treated group. Spironolactone seemed to change phenylephrine and serotonin responses in the left vas deferens. CONCLUSION: It is possible that by inhibiting angiogenesis, spironolactone treatment negatively impairs testicular morphology and functional (vas deferens) pathways. Varicocele formation seems to elicit an increase to 5-HT sensitivity in rat vas deferens, and this process is prevented by spironolactone pretreatment.

Renal endometriosis presenting with a giant subcapsular hematoma: case report.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of renal subcapsular hematoma due to renal endometriosis. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Departments of Urology and Pathology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. PATIENT(S): A 46-year-old premenopausal woman was admitted with a left lumbar pain and mass. Ultrasonography and computerized tomography revealed a giant-sized renal subcapsular hematoma. INTERVENTION(S): Computerized tomography, percutaneous drainage catheter placement, surgical exploration, and excision of renal capsule. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): None. RESULT(S): Histopathologic examination revealed endometriosis located beneath the fibrous renal capsule. CONCLUSION(S): Renal capsular endometriosis should be kept in mind among the causes of renal subcapsular hematoma.