Antibacterial action of calcium hydroxide vehicles and calcium hydroxide pastes.

AIM: To evaluate the in vitro action of vehicles alone and with calcium hydroxide against different bacterial species. METHODS: Agar plates were inoculated with the microbial suspensions, and wells were made and filled with the calcium hydroxide pastes and the vehicles used to prepare the pastes. The zones of inhibited bacterial growth were recorded, and the resulting measurements were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Enterococcus faecalis was the most resistant microorganism to all medicaments. Calcium hydroxide + p-monochlorophenol; calcium hydroxide + p-monochlorophenol-propylene glycol pastes; and p-monochlorophenol, p-monochlorophenol-propylene glycol, and chlorhexidine gluconate gel alone showed the largest zones of inhibition against all the tested microorganisms. CONCLUSIONS: The vehicle used to prepare the calcium hydroxide paste might contribute to its antibacterial action. Chlorhexidine gluconate gel used alone, and camphorated p-monochlorophenol and camphorated p-monochlorophenol-propylene glycol as vehicles of calcium hydroxide, could be recommended, in an antimicrobial sense.

Acción antibacteriana de pastas de hidróxido de calcio frente a Enterococcus faecalis / Antibacterial effciacy by calcium hydroxide pastes on Enterococcus faecalis

Objetivo. Se evaluó in vitro la actividad antibacteriana de pastas de Ca (OH)2 frente a Enterococcus faecalis. Material y método. Las pasta usadas fueron: 1-Ca(OH)2 con solución salina, 2-Ca(OH)2 con clorhexidina (CHX) 0,2% y 3-Ca (OH)2 con propilenglicol. Se trabajó con 6 tubs experimentales y un tubo control de crecimiento bacteriano y se realizó una curva de muerte, evaluándolas a diferentes tiempos 0,1,2 y 5 horas y 1, 7 y 14 días. Los datos se analizaron con ANOVA. Resultados y conclusiones. Ca (OH)2 con CHX 0,2% produjo inhibición total de Enterococcus faecalis a la hora de permanencia en contacto con el microorganismo, manteniéndose este efecto durante los 14 días. La pasta de Ca (OH)2 con propilenglico inhibió al microorganismo durante la 1º hora, sin evidenciarse diferencias con la pasta 2 (p>0,05), manteniéndose este efecto durante 5 horas, luego hubo recrecimiento bacteriano. La pasta de Ca(OH=2 con solución salina inhibió al Enterococcus faecalis a partir del día 1 hasta el día 14 (AU)

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of calcium hydroxide pastes on Enterococcus faecalis. Material and methods. The pastes evaluated were: 1-calcium hydroxide with saline solution, 2-calcium hydroxide with chlorhexidine (CHX) 0,2% and 3-calcium hydroxide with propileneglicol. Six experimental tubes and one control tube were prepared and incubated for 0, 1, 2, 5 hours, 1, 7 and 14 days. The curves death were made. The data was analyzed with ANOVA test. Results and Conclusions. Ca (OH)2 with CHX 0,2% paste inhibited Enterococcus faecalis at 1 hour and maintained this effect over 14 days. Ca(OH)2, with propileneglicol had inhibitory effect at 1 hour, showing no significant difference with paste 2 (p>0,05). Paste 3 maintained inhibitory action for 5 hours, then microorganism grow again. Ca(OH)2 with saline solution paste inhibit Enterococcus faecalis after 1 day of contact. This effect continue to 14th day. Ca(OH)2 with CHX 0,2% and Ca(OH)2 with propileneglicol pastes were effective in 1 hour time (p<0,05). Only the pastes 1 and 2 maintained inhibitory action for 14 days (AU)

In vitro antibacterial effect of different irrigating solutions on Enterococcus faecalis.

Was evaluated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the antibacterial effect (AE) of 2.5% NaOCl, 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and 17% EDTA on Enterococcus faecalis. The antibacterial capacity was assessed by difusion in agar. The AE was evaluated on contaminated root dentin, employing apical and middle portions of human roots, sterilized and contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis, immersed in the irrigation solutions and incubated at 37 degrees C. Viable cells were counted at 0, 4, 8 and 24 hours. MIC: NaOCl and CHX: 0.2%, EDTA below 5%. Diffusion in agar: NaOCl 2.5% = 21 mm. CHX 0.2% = 14 mm. EDTA 17% = 20 mm. Effect on root dentin: NaOCl 2.5%: Enterococcus faecalis was totally inhibited for 24 hours in the apical area, and for 8 hours in the middle area. CHX 0.2% elicited a reduction of more than 5 log CFU and EDTA 17% induced a reduction of more than 3 log CFU at all the time points examined in the apical and middle areas.

In vitro antibacterial effect of different irrigating solutions on Enterococcus faecalis

Se evaluó el efecto antibacteriano (ea) y la concentración inhibitoria mínima (cim) sobre Enterococcus faecalis deNaOCl 2,5 por ciento, Gluconato de Clorhexidina 0,2 por ciento y EDTA17 por ciento. La capacidad antibacteriana fue valorada mediante el test de difusión en agar. El efecto antibacteriano se evaluó empleandotrozos radiculares apicales y medios que fueron esterizados, contaminados con Enterococcus faecalis, sumergidos en lasdiferentes soluciones de irrigación e incubados a 37ºc. El recuento de células viables se realizó a 4, 8 y 24 horas.Cim: NaOCl y CHX: 0.2 por ciento, EDTA menor al 5 por ciento. Difusión enagar: NaOCl 2.5 por ciento= 21 mm. CHX 0.2 por ciento= 14mm. EDTA 17 por ciento=20 mm. Efecto sobre la dentina radicular: NaOCl 2.5 por ciento: Enterococcus faecalis fue totalmente inhibido hasta las 24 horas en el áreaapical y hasta las 8 horas en el área media. CHX 0.2 por ciento mostróuna reducción de más de 5 log UFC y EDTA 17 por ciento provocó unareducción de más de 3 log UFC en todos los tiempos testeados en los tercios apical y medio (AU)

Was evaluated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the antibacterial effect (AE) of 2.5% NaOCl, 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and 17% EDTA on Enterococcus faecalis. The antibacterial capacity was assessed by diffusion in agar. The AE was evaluated on contaminated root dentin, employing apical and middle portions of human roots, sterilized and contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis, immersed in the irrigation solutions and incubated at 37ºC. Viable cells were counted at 0, 4, 8 and 24 hours. MIC: NaOCl and CHX: 0.2%, EDTA below 5%. Diffusion in agar: NaOCl 2.5%= 21 mm. CHX 0.2%= 14mm. EDTA 17%= 20 mm. Effect on root dentin: NaOCl 2.5%: Enterococcus faecalis was totally inhibited for 24 hours in the apical area, and for 8 hours in the middle area. CHX 0.2% elicited a reduction of more than 5 log CFU and EDTA 17% induced a reduction of more than 3 log CFU at all the time points examined in the apical and middle areas.(AU)

In vitro antibacterial effect of different irrigating solutions on Enterococcus faecalis

Se evaluó el efecto antibacteriano (ea) y la concentración inhibitoria mínima (cim) sobre Enterococcus faecalis deNaOCl 2,5 por ciento, Gluconato de Clorhexidina 0,2 por ciento y EDTA17 por ciento. La capacidad antibacteriana fue valorada mediante el test de difusión en agar. El efecto antibacteriano se evaluó empleandotrozos radiculares apicales y medios que fueron esterizados, contaminados con Enterococcus faecalis, sumergidos en lasdiferentes soluciones de irrigación e incubados a 37°c. El recuento de células viables se realizó a 4, 8 y 24 horas.Cim: NaOCl y CHX: 0.2 por ciento, EDTA menor al 5 por ciento. Difusión enagar: NaOCl 2.5 por ciento= 21 mm. CHX 0.2 por ciento= 14mm. EDTA 17 por ciento=20 mm. Efecto sobre la dentina radicular: NaOCl 2.5 por ciento: Enterococcus faecalis fue totalmente inhibido hasta las 24 horas en el áreaapical y hasta las 8 horas en el área media. CHX 0.2 por ciento mostróuna reducción de más de 5 log UFC y EDTA 17 por ciento provocó unareducción de más de 3 log UFC en todos los tiempos testeados en los tercios apical y medio

Was evaluated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the antibacterial effect (AE) of 2.5% NaOCl, 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and 17% EDTA on Enterococcus faecalis. The antibacterial capacity was assessed by diffusion in agar. The AE was evaluated on contaminated root dentin, employing apical and middle portions of human roots, sterilized and contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis, immersed in the irrigation solutions and incubated at 37°C. Viable cells were counted at 0, 4, 8 and 24 hours. MIC: NaOCl and CHX: 0.2%, EDTA below 5%. Diffusion in agar: NaOCl 2.5%= 21 mm. CHX 0.2%= 14mm. EDTA 17%= 20 mm. Effect on root dentin: NaOCl 2.5%: Enterococcus faecalis was totally inhibited for 24 hours in the apical area, and for 8 hours in the middle area. CHX 0.2% elicited a reduction of more than 5 log CFU and EDTA 17% induced a reduction of more than 3 log CFU at all the time points examined in the apical and middle areas.

Effect of Ampicillin on the kinetics of colonization of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Lactobacillus fermentum in the respiratory tract of mice.

Ampicillin was selected to further study the effect of this antibiotic on the colonization capability of S. pneumoniae and L. fermentum intranasally inoculated in a mice experimental model. The sensitivity of S. pneumoniae and L. fermentum to antibiotics was evaluated by different "in vitro" techniques. The results showed that both microorganisms have a typical pattern of sensitivity to antibiotics in these assays. The "in vivo" experiments showed that the treatment with Ampicillin increased the number of lactobacilli and neumococci in the groups of mice treated only with one of the microorganisms. In those mice treated with Lactobacillus, challenged later with neumococci and treated with Ampicillin, the pathogen in lung decreased on the 4th day, disappearing completely after on. The histological studies showed that the antibiotic treatment decreased the inflammatory response produced by the pathogen at the lung and trachea levels.