Macrophage subtypes in recurrent nodular basal cell carcinoma after Mohs micrographic surgery.

BACKGROUND: The macrophages associated with solid tumors are related to the progression or regression of tumors, depending on the differentiation in M1 or M2. M2 subtype promotes angiogenesis, remodeling, and tissue repair (tumor proliferation). In contrast, M1 produces toxic mediators and presents antigens, destroying microorganisms and tumor cells. The microenvironment of most aggressive forms of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) shows an increase in macrophages due to M2 phenotype compared to noninvasive forms. The treatment of nodular BCC by Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) provides high cure rates, but relapses can occur. AIMS: To compare the total population of macrophages and their subpopulations M1 and M2 in cases of recurrent and nonrecurrent nodular BCC after excision by MMS. MATERIALS & METHODS: Histological sections obtained from paraffin blocks of nine cases of recurrent nodular BCC after MMS and 18 cases of nonrecurrent nodular BCC operated by MMS were immunostained for iNOS, CD204, CD163, and CD68. The expression of these markers was analyzed by image analysis. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the groups in relation to the average percentage of M1 cells, M2 cells, and total cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: A relationship was not seen between tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and tumor recurrence.

Tumores glômicos subungueais tratados pela cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs: índices de recidiva e revisão de literatura / Subungal glomus Tumors treated by the Mohs micrographic surgery: recurrence index and literature review

Introdução: O tumor glômico subungueal caracteriza-se por nódulo doloroso desencadeado por alteração térmica e tátil. A excisão completa da lesão é o tratamento de escolha, porém as recidivas são frequentes. Objetivo: Comparar as taxas de recidivas de cirurgias convencionais descritas na literatura com as taxas de recidiva da cirurgia micrográfi ca de Mohs (CMM). Material e Métodos: Foram incluídos 10 pacientes diagnosticados com tumor glômico subungueal, dos quais 9 eram do sexo feminino e 1 do sexo masculino, que foram submetidos à retirada dessas lesões pela técnica de Cirurgia Micrográfi ca de Mohs. Resultados: Dos 10 pacientes operados, 8 foram considerados curados após seguimento de 14 a 93 meses (média de 47,8 meses). Houve duas recidivas, que ocorreram após 47 e 51 meses, respectivamente. Um caso foi reoperado pela CMM, sem evidência de doença após 24 meses. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos com o emprego da CMM em tumores glômicos subungueais foram semelhantes aos relatados na literatura com técnicas convencionais, geralmente com seguimentos mais limitados.

Introduction: The subungual glomus tumor is characterized by painful nodules triggered by thermal and tactile change. A complete lesion excision is the treatment of choice but relapses are frequent. Objective: To compare the rates of recurrence of conventional surgeries described in the literature with the ones we found after the Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). Material and Methods: We included 10 patients diagnosed with subungual glomus tumor of which 9 were female and 1 male and who also underwent withdrawal of these lesions by the technique of Mohs micrographic surgery. Results: Of the 10 patients, eight were considered cured after following 14 to 93 months (around 47.8 months). There were two recurrences which occurred after 47 and 51 months, respectively. One case was reoperated by MMS without evidence of disease after 24 months. Conclusion: The results obtained with the use of MMS in subungual glomus tumors were similar to those reported in the literature with conventional techniques, usually with more limited follow-up.